A Scoping Review on The Efficacy of Azadirachta indica on Mild Symptoms of
COVID-19
Angeline Mae S. Aguilar
Monique Ashley D. Brillante
Cy Justin G. Casin
Eunice Andrea N. Marbella
Kyle Aleiza S. Mayor
Angelica C. Miranda
Senior High School Department, University of Santo Tomas - Legazpi
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory disease syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and first appeared last December 2019 in Wuhan, China. As of April 17, 2022, there have been 6, 204, 155 deaths
documented. Although there are many ongoing trials for the cure of COVID-19, the cure for COVID-19 is left
unidentified. The Azadirachta indica is a medicinal plant commonly used in Ayurvedic medicine and is known to have
various compounds that can reduce bodily effects of flu-like illnesses. There may be studies showing that the Azadirachta
indica can be effective against some symptoms of COVID-19, but there is not enough evidence and studies to support
their claims. The purpose of this review was to investigate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica on mild symptoms of
COVID-19 through a scoping review and used PRISMA protocol for systematic reviews. It also intends to determine the
compounds present in Azadirachta indica and its phytochemical properties that can help treat the mild symptoms of
COVID -19; to determine the efficacy rate of the leaves, leaf extracts, and bark of A. indica as a treatment towards mild
symptoms of COVID-19; and to distinguish which part of the A. indica can be best suited to treating COVID-19 patients
with mild symptoms. Relevant articles and studies published from January 2011 to April 2022 were gathered from online
sources such as Medscape, WHO, CDC and were screened if it is fit for the study’s criteria. Out of 115 articles, 16 were
recognized eligible for the review. Azadirachta indica is reported to have multiple biological and pharmacological
activities such as antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and many more. The findings of this review revealed that the
Azadirachta indica has diverse medicinal compounds and properties that may be significant in treating the mild symptoms
of COVID-19. Regardless of these, the findings suggest that the Azadirachta indica is a potential treatment that can treat
mild symptoms of COVID-19. The most suitable part of A. indica is its leaves and leaf extracts, with a leaf extract efficacy
rate of 55 per cent and the leaves efficacy rate of 100 per cent. The review revealed particular existing gaps in the gathered
studies which insinuates the need for further investigations about the efficacy of Azadirachta indica on mild symptoms of
COVID-19. Also, the researchers strongly suggest the conduct of research that proposes a cross-sectional design.
Keywords: Medicinal plants, COVID - 19, Azadirachta indica, phytochemical properties, compounds
INTRODUCTION
Last December 2019, a new unidentified
coronavirus emerged. Its first reported case was from
Wuhan, China and is known to have spread across
multiple countries. The virus is known as
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is an
infectious disease caused by the severe acute
respiratory disease syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). It can be transmitted in several ways such as
close contact, inhalation of aerosols or droplets from
an infected person’s sneeze or cough (CDC, 2021).
According to the latest report from the World Health
Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Dashboard, as
of 17 April 2022, there have been 504, 079, 039
confirmed cases of COVID-19 globally and 3,
683, 367 cases in the Philippines (World Health
Organization, 2022).
A mild case of COVID-19 does not call
for a visit to the hospital (Kritz & Huang, 2020).
According to the WHO, most individuals will
suffer from mild-to-moderate respiratory diseases
and will be able to recuperate at home without
1
requiring special care. People with mild COVID-19
should nevertheless isolate themselves and take
additional precautions to avoid transmitting the virus
(Huizen, 2021). Individuals diagnosed with COVID19 have had a wide range of symptoms that appear
two to 14 days after one’s exposure to the virus.
These include fever, cough, difficulty in breathing,
fatigue, body aches, headache, loss of taste or smell,
sore throat, congestion, nausea, and diarrhea. On the
other hand, people who had COVID-19, whether
they were hospitalized or not, continue to experience
fatigue and other respiratory and neurological
symptoms as long-term effects of COVID-19 (CDC,
2021).
prove to be one of the ways forward (University
of Portsmouth, 2020).
Azadirachta indica, also known as neem,
is a medicinal plant and is commonly used in
ayurvedic, unani, and homeopathic medicine. It
has a variety of chemically and biologically
active chemical compounds that have been
identified from different parts of the neem
including its leaves, flower, fruits, seeds, roots,
and bark, and has been traditionally used as
medicine in other diseases (Ahmad et al., 2016).
Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids
are compounds that are present on Azadirachta
indica’s leaves, stembark, and seeds (Khanal,
2021). According to Ahmad et al. (2016), these
active compounds have been identified to have
anti-inflammatory,
anti-bacterial,
antihyperglycemic, anti-ulcer, immunomodulatory,
anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and
antiviral properties.
Up to the present, the cure for COVID-19 is
still unknown. Optimal supportive care is currently
given to infected patients. The World Health
Organization (WHO) COVID-19 Solidarity Trial is
a global platform trial for the possible treatments for
COVID-19. From the available results of the trials
they
have
conducted,
remdesivir,
hydroxychloroquine,
lopinavir/ritonavir
and
interferon regimens have little to no effect on the inhospital course of COVID-19 among hospitalized
patients (World Health Organization, 2021).
Several studies have shown that
Azadirachta indica can be used as a treatment for
COVID-19. However, it is not yet proven and
there was not enough evidence that could support
their claims, as well as the methods used were not
comprehensively reviewed and examined.
Studies regarding neem as an alternative
medicine for COVID-19 symptoms are limited
and needs a further investigation since the disease
is a recent outbreak and is still occuring. In
addition, effective treatment modalities for this
outbreak are still unknown, which is why
interventions to lower the risk of COVID-19 mild
symptoms are highly needed. Subramanian
(2020) suggests that further investigation is
needed to know and determine if Azadirachta
indica leaves can be used as a preventive
treatment option, as it might inhibit the virus,
boost immunity, and slow the spread of COVID19. On the other hand, Eze et al., (2022)
recommends that more investigation on the leaf
extract should be conducted to identify the
bioactive phytochemical principles in order to
formulate anti-COVID-19 treatments from pure
compounds. Therefore, the researchers conducted
a scoping review to give clarification about the
concepts and definitions of the topic,
comprehensive review and provide sources of
The economy faced multiple problems since
the pandemic started. Due to this, the interest to find
an alternative and affordable treatment for the virus
grew. Medicinal plants have been used since the
prehistoric period to prevent, treat, and complement
recovery from numerous illnesses. According to the
World Health Organization (WHO), more than 80
per cent of the world’s population use herbal
medicines as a part of their primary health care and
over 21,000 plant species have the potential to be
used as medicinal plants (World Health
Organization, 2021).
Ayurveda, the most extensively used
traditional Indian system of medicine, emphasizes a
holistic approach. It is often combined with diet,
exercise, and lifestyle changes (Petre, 2019).
Traditional Indian medicine is also known to reduce
bodily effects of flu-like illnesses such as the
COVID-19. Dr. Pattanathu Rahman, a microbial
biotechnologist from the University of Portsmouth,
said that there is an urgent need for a novel treatment
for COVID-19 and Indian medicinal plants might
2
evidence as well as identify gaps in the existing
literature/research (Verdejo et al., 2021).
review is a type of research synthesis that aims to
map the literature on a particular topic or research
area. It provides an opportunity to identify key
concepts, gaps in the research, and types and
sources of evidence. Scoping reviews are a
preliminary assessment of the potential size and
scope of available research literature (Tricco et
al., 2018).
The main objective of this scoping review is
to investigate the efficacy of Azadirachta indica on
mild COVID-19 symptoms. Specifically, it intended
(1) determine the compounds present in A. indica and
its phytochemical properties that can help treat the
mild symptoms of Covid -19; (2) determine the
efficacy rate of the leaves, leaf extracts, and bark of
A. Indica as a treatment towards mild symptoms of
COVID-19; and (3) distinguish which part of the A.
indica can be best suited to treating Covid-19
patients with mild symptoms.
The researchers used PRISMA to support
the scoping review protocol. They acquired
online sources and studies from January of 2011
to April 2022, which was from selected
publications from various countries that used
neem as a primary or secondary alternative for
treating COVID-19 or COVID-related symptoms
(Tricco et al., 2018).
The data gathered in this study will be of
great help to students, teachers, journalists,
government officials, medical professionals, and
future researchers. The contents of this review may
give them enlightenment about the efficacy of
Azadirachta indica on COVID-19 patients
experiencing mild symptoms. They may also use the
findings of this study as a baseline for future studies
related to this topic.
The researchers used a non-experimental
research design that examined existing
phenomena without modifying settings to
influence subjects' answers, and no independent
variable was manipulated. Many factors in such
research cannot be altered, either technically,
ethically, or with minimal contact with the
variable. The researchers were able to answer the
research questions using the existing condition,
no physical contacts with any form of variable,
and with minimum effort (Radhakrishnan, 2013).
This was picked by the researchers in view of the
fact that there will be no direct involvement in the
plants that will be used on administering it to
COVID-19 patients but just to make an effort to
know if Azadirachta indica (Neem) is effective
against mild symptomatic patients.
The review focuses on investigating the
efficacy of Azadirachta indica on mild symptoms of
COVID-19 by determining its phytochemical
properties. The research does not include sources that
were published earlier than January 2011. The other
parts of the Azadirachta indica plant will also be
excluded because the leaves and the bark are the
most commonly utilized to create medication. Only
the common symptoms of COVID-19 are included,
with the severe and fewer common symptoms being
omitted.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
METHODS
Azadirachta indica, a medical plant
commonly used in ayurvedic medicine, is the
main subject of the study. Along with this, its
phytochemical properties and efficacy in treating
mild symptoms of COVID-19 were also included
in the study. Topics other than what was specified
were excluded. The researchers gathered data and
information from articles, journals, and databases
that were published from January 2011 and
onwards. Information from letters, blogs, and
editorials were excluded. As well as those that
were published before January 2011 and those
Research design
In this review, the researchers used a nonexperimental-qualitative-scoping review. Nonexperimental research designs include those in which
the researchers just describe the group or analyze
relationships between existing groups (Price et al.,
2017). Qualitative research involves gathering and
evaluating non-numerical data in order to fully
explain concepts, views, or experiences. It can be
used to get in-depth insights into a topic or to develop
fresh research ideas (Bhandari, 2022). A scoping
3
that were written in other languages aside from
English.
recoveries," and then summarizing articles
and papers that clarify and analyze the issue.
To supplement the chosen topic, the
researchers of this study used key terms
which are: “medicinal plants,” “COVID 19,” “Azadirachta indica,” “phytochemical
properties,” “compounds,” and other
descriptors to maximize the number of results
and collect relevant studies.
Table 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the
screening of related studies
Criteria
Included
Excluded
Subject
Azadirachta
indica (Neem)
Other than
specified
The efficacy of
Azadirachta
indica (Neem) on
Mild Symptoms
of
COVID-19
including
its
compounds and
phytochemical
properties
Topics
other than
what is
specified
Language
English
Non English
Study time
frame
Studies
published in
January 2011
and onwards
Studies
published
before
January
2011
Source of
data and
information
Online articles,
journals, and
databases
Letters,
blogs, and
editorials
Focus of
the study
Selection process
A flow diagram based on the PRISMA
protocol has been constructed in order to
visually summarize and to show the
systematic review and the screening process
of the study.
Due to the unavailability of most
electronic
databases,
a
manual
comprehensive search was performed by the
researchers. Additional records identified
through other databases and sources were
pre-proof using the Boolean search method.
To ensure productivity, the work to be done
was distributed among the researchers,
including the identification of duplicates and
discrepancies on the screened articles since
there were some that were excluded since
they are not relevant to the study.
Data evaluation
Data charting
Data collection
The obtained related and relevant studies
and literature from the medical databases
were used to organize the information that
were used in the review. They were extracted
and used for the presentation and discussion
of the related studies and literature. The table
created showed the essential variables of the
study conducted.
Information sources
The relevant articles and studies from
January 2011 to April 2022 were searched from
the following databases: Elsevier, ScienceDirect,
CDC, World Health Organization, and PubMed.
The articles and studies gathered provided
additional information about the history of the
COVID-19 symptoms and how it started.
Data items
According to Goncalves et al. (2020), the
average number of days between the peak
viral load and symptom onset of the COVID19 progression is making it difficult for the
timely antiviral administration in the
Search strategy
The researchers began by looking up phrases
related to the chosen topic, "Azadirachta indica
as part of the treatment for COVID – 19
4
community outbreaks. The following are the
primary data that were considered for the
evaluation of the research outcomes that were
connected to the related studies and literature: (1)
author and year of publication, (2) type of study,
(3) experimental setup, (4) tested hypothesis, (5)
observations of possibilities, (6) evaluation of
the efficacy of Azadirachta indica, and (7)
conclusion.
irrelevance, inaccessibility, and duplication. An
additional 15 papers were removed since they do
not meet the target year for the study. Among the
75 studies remaining, seven were excluded for
being unrelated to the focus of the study. After
assessing the 68 studies included in the review,
only 16 papers from the remaining publications
were included in the results and discussion, four
of which were about the properties and
compounds of A. indica, seven about utilizing
Azadirachta indica to treat COVID-19
symptoms, and five about experiments on
COVID-19 using A. indica.
The findings of the study were used to
determine the efficacy of Azadirachta indica and
its phytochemical properties of treating mild
symptoms of the COVID-19.
Characteristics of included studies
Data analysis
A total of 16 studies were observed and
evaluated. Four of the included studies focused
on the properties and compounds present in
different parts of Azadirachta indica, specifically
the leaf and bark extracts. Three of the four
studies were based on qualitative and quantitative
phytochemical screening focusing on the
compounds and phytochemical properties present
in A. indica (Khanal, 2021; Naik et al., 2014;
Dash et al., 2017), while the one remaining study
focused on the efficacy rate and antioxidant
properties of A. indica leaf and bark extract
(Alzohairy, 2016).
For this study, a thematic analysis was used.
The process of conducting a thematic analysis is
illustrated through the presentation of an
auditable decision trail (see figure 1), guiding,
interpreting and representing textual data.
(Nowell et al., 2017).
Researchers classified the research based on
the parts of the neem they investigated and
summarized the contexts, types, and research
methods for each group, as well as the
measurements used and broad conclusions
(Tricco et al., 2018). The data collected included
the following: properties and compounds of
Azadirachta indica, specific parts of A. indica,
efficacy of A. indica, and the limitations of
review. Furthermore, the researchers counted the
number of publications in the review that
potentially fit the inclusion criteria and recorded
how many studies were overlooked by their
search (Maguire & Delahunt, 2017).
Among the 12 remaining studies, seven
studies focused on the use of Azadirachta indica
to treat patients with COVID-19 symptoms. It
emphasizes how it reacts after being applied to
the body using different methods, as well as the
phytochemical properties that help lessen the risk
of symptoms. Three of the seven studies focused
on individuals or patients who took Azadirachta
indica extract orally, either as a capsule or a pill,
resulting as a possible treatment for COVID-19
infection (Nesari et al., 2021; Kanitkar et al.,
2020; Nutraveris, 2021). While four of the
included studies included in the review focused
on the medicinal use of neem and its potential to
treat covid-19 symptoms and other diseases
(Kushwaha, 2021; Roy, 2020; Subramanian,
2020; Rxlist, 2021).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Study selection
As illustrated in Figure 1, the keywords
"medicinal plants," "COVID - 19," "Azadirachta
indica," “phytochemical properties,” "compounds,"
and other descriptors combined by Boolean operators
like 'and' and 'or' generated 115 distinct articles
during the initial search. Twenty-five records were
eliminated from this set based on the title,
Among the 16 studies reviewed, only
five studies focused on experiments on COVID19 using Azadirachta indica. Two of the five
5
Identification
Identificatio
studies were conducted through a literature screening
or review; one study had identified that Azadirachta
indica contains compounds that can act as inhibitors,
while the other one discussed that A. indica leaves
are composed of compounds that have antibacterial
and antifungal properties, as well as compounds that
demonstrate antiviral properties (Lim et al., 2021;
Manzano-Santana et al. 2021). The remaining three
studies used different methods or approaches; the in
silico study indicated that Azadirachta indica’s leaf
and bark extract contain bioactive compounds with
therapeutic properties, particularly Azadirachtin H,
which inhibits virus contact and recognition
(Shadrack et al., 2021). The study that used
molecular docking simulation identified that
Azadirachta indica extracts had inhibitory
activity and also that the compounds present,
such as Desacetyl Gendunin, could help in
therapeutic efforts against COVID-19 (Balidya et
al., 2021). While the other study that used
molecular dynamic simulation had discussed that
Azadirachta indica extract can reduce the growth
and pathogenesis of another member of the
coronavirus family, which can be a therapeutic
option (Borkotoky & Banerjee, 2020).
Records identified through
databases from Elsevier,
ScienceDirect, CDC, WHO,
PUBMED and Journal Preproof using the Boolean
search method n = 39
Additional Records
identified through
databases from other
sources using the Boolean
search method n = 76
Duplicates removed n = 0
Includ
Included
S
Screening
Records
screened n = 115
Studies excluded as
not relevant n = 25
Studies selected for assessment
review on Azadirachta indica
properties, using A. indica in
COVID-19 treatments and
experiments n = 90
Studies excluded for not
meeting the eligibility
criteria n = 15
Studies selected for full-text
assessment review on
Azadirachta indica properties,
using A. indica in COVID-19
treatments and experiments
n = 75
Studies that do not
focused on A. indica
and COVID-19 = 7
Studies included in
the review n = 16
Figure 1. Flow diagram of the selection process
6
Table 2. Summary of reviewed phytochemical properties and compounds of Azadirachta indica studies
Number
1
Author/s
(Year)
Alzohairy
(2016)
Methods
Clinical
studies.
Major Findings
based According to the studies of Alzohairy (2016), at doses
ranging from 50 to 100 μg/mL, neem bark extract
effectively inhibited HSV-1 entrance into cells (Yerima et
al. 2012). Furthermore, when Azadirachta indica bark
extract was preincubated with the virus but not with the
target cells, blocking action was seen, suggesting that the
neem bark extract had a direct anti-HSV-1 function (Tiwari
et al. 2010).
Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) leaves extract (NCL11) has exhibited virucidal efficacy against coxsackievirus
virus B-4, as evidenced by virus inactivation and yield
reduction assays, as well as interfering with the virus's
reproduction cycle at an early stage (Badam et al. 1999).
Leaf and bark extracts of Azadirachta indica have been
studied for their antioxidant activity and results of the study
clearly indicated that all the tested leaf and bark
extracts/fractions of neem grown in the foothills have
significant antioxidant properties.
The study showed that leaf aqueous extract and stem bark
ethanol extracts showed higher free radical scavenging
effect with 50% scavenging activity at 26.5, and
30.6 microg/mL,
respectively.
Furthermore,
total
antioxidant activity of extracts was found to be 0.959 mM
and 1.064 mM of standard trolox, respectively.
2
Khanal
(2021)
Qualitative
quantitative
phytochemical
screening.
and Chemical compounds were being studied in parts of the
neem plant (Azadirachta indica). The result shows that
among the various qualitative tests performed on secondary
metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids
were present in all tested components, while polyphenols,
tannins, and steroids were only found on neem's leaves and
bark of the stem. None of the metabolites tested contained
glycosides and coumarins. The compounds (alkaloids,
flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids) that are present on
Azadirachta indica’s leaves, stembark, and seeds were
screened quantitatively. The result shows that stembark,
leaves, and seeds had higher per centages of alkaloids,
flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. Based on previous
studies and research, all the phytochemicals that were
mentioned and tested are bioactive, and this could be a good
source of medication.
7
3
Naik et al. Clinical
(2014)
studies.
based According to research, Azadirachta indica has a wide range
of compounds, some of which have pharmacological
potential. Triterpenes have the therapeutic use out of all the
compounds found in Azadirachta indica. Antipyretic,
fungicidal, antihistamine, and antiseptic properties have
been shown for nimbin (triterpene). Additionally, nimbin
has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,
minimizing damage by reducing the production of reactive
oxygen species.
4
Dash et al. Phytochemical
(2017)
screening studies.
Phytochemical analysis of methanolic leaf extracts of
Azadirachta indica has shown the presence of biological
compounds like, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, etc which
are then compared to aqueous leaf extracts of the plant.
Biochemical analysis includes the estimation of chlorophyll
content, carbohydrate content and proline content. The
result suggests that the Azadirachta indica extracts contain
plenty of phytochemicals with antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
Table 3. Summary of reviewed studies of using Azadirachta indica for treating COVID-19 symptoms
Number
5
Author/s
(Year)
Methods
Major Findings
Nesari et al. A Pilot, Double- This pilot study, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, and
(2021)
Blind, Randomized randomized, examined the prophylactic effect of
Controlled Trial
Azadirachta indica in patients at risk of COVID-19
infection due to contact with COVID-19 positive patients.
190 participants have been enrolled. They received a
placebo or 50 mg twice daily of a neem leaf extract for 28
days.
Among the 154 participants who completed the study, three
were tested positive in the supplemented group, whereas
eight were tested positive in the placebo group. The risk of
infection was 0.45 times the risk of participants in the
placebo group, with the effectiveness of the intervention
being around 55 per cent.
Because of the anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties
of neem capsules, therapy as a therapeutic intervention for
COVID-19 infection could be investigated.
6
Kushwaha
(2021)
Molecular Docking,
Molecular Dynamics
Simulation, and MMPBSA Approach
Lim et al. (2021) suggested Azadirachta indica as a
potential herbal source of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent with a
multimodal efficacy of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and
immunomodulatory properties. Recently two different
8
randomized controlled trials of Azadirachta indica
extract/capsule on COVID-19 positive patients established
the significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential in the A. indica
plant.
7
Kanitkar et Clinical based case There were six patients with covid symptoms & there were
al. (2020)
report
also some who were asymptomatic. In this case study, the
patients took Azadirachta indica leaves orally and after the
succeeding days, the dosage of the neem leaves solution
became lesser. Also, their conditions improved and they
fully recovered. The intake of leaves shows effect within
two to three days. It is non-toxic and patients will not be
critically ill since it has anti-viral properties. Lead crude
extracts are used to treat normal fever. Azadirachta indica
leaves can also treat gastrointestinal disorders such as
diarrhea. Azadirachta indica leaf, flower, stem and bark
extracts have strong antioxidant properties.
8
Roy
& Literature review
Bhattacharry
(2020)
9
Subramanian Molecular
(2020)
study
10
Nutraveris
(2021)
11
Rxlist (2021) Literature review
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is widely used as ayurvedic
medicine to treat fever, cough, asthma, and diarrhea, which
are also reported as the common clinical symptoms of
COVID 19. Neem is reported to enhance both humoral and
cell-mediated immune response during viral infection.
Docking Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves have long been
renowned for their antiviral and antibacterial qualities.
Ingesting neem leaves extract powder or crude neem leaves
may suppress the COVID-19 virus by preventing it from
multiplying, as meliacin anhydride and other chemicals are
obtained from neem leaves.
A
pilot
randomized
controlled trial
and In the current study, participants who took neem
(Azadirachta indica) had a significantly lower chance of
COVID-19 infection, indicating that it could be used as a
COVID-19 infection preventative medication. Because of
the potential anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties of
neem capsules, treatment could be explored as a therapeutic
intervention for COVID-19 infection.
Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf is used for leprosy, eye
disorders, bloody nose, intestinal worms, stomach upset,
loss of appetite, skin ulcers, diseases of the heart, and blood
vessels (cardiovascular disease), fever, diabetes, gum
disease (gingivitis), and liver problems. The leaf is also
used for birth control and to cause abortions.
The bark is used for stomach and intestinal ulcers, pain, and
fever.
9
Table 4. Summary of reviewed studies on Azadirachta indica against COVID-19 experiments
Number
Author/s
(Year)
Methods
Major Findings
12
Lim et al. Literature screening/review
(2021)
Specific to SARS-CoV-2, molecular docking studies
have demonstrated that Azadirachta indica derived
compounds nimbolin A, nimocin, and cycloartanols
have the potential to bind to envelope (E) and
membrane (M) glycoproteins of the SARS-CoV-2
and act as inhibitors.
13
Shadrack In silico study
et
al.
(2021)
Bioactive compounds from Azadirachta indica
(leaves, and bark) have been reported in different
studies to possess several biological activities
including
antibacterial,
antifungal,
antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antimalaria and antiviral
activities, to mention a few.
Azadirachtin H binds strongly to both the spike and
the RBD–ACE2 interface. Azadirachtin H was found
to adopt several structural orientations, thereby
inhibiting the interaction and recognition of the virus
with hACE2 at the interface.
14
Manzano- Literature screening/review
Santana
et
al.
(2021)
Fresh
Azadirachta indica
leaves
contain
polyphenolic flavonoids that have antibacterial and
antifungal properties. Nimbaflavone, rutin, and
hyperoside, which are found in this plant species,
have been proven to suppress influenza viruses
(H1N1, H2N2, H2N3, H5N1, H7N2, H7N3, H7N7,
and H9N2) by demonstrating comprehensive
antiviral capabilities.
15
Balidya et Molecular docking simulation
al. (2021)
Azadirachta indica (neem) extracts have been known
for their anti-bacterial and other effects since ancient
times. Azadirachta indica extracts show inhibitory
activity on Papain like protease of the novel
coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Desacetyl Gedunin
(DCG) found in Azadirachta indica seed showed the
highest binding affinity towards PLpro. It is believed
that the significant effect of DCG on PLpro may help
in therapeutic efforts against SARS-CoV-2.
16
Borkotok Molecular dynamics simulation
y
&
Banerjee
(2020)
A recent study showed that Azadirachta indica
extract can reduce the growth and pathogenesis of
another member of the coronavirus family,
reinforcing the chemicals' promise as therapeutic
choices. The validation and optimization of these
natural substances in the lab could help with the
10
development of particular SARS-CoV-2 therapies.
found on plant’s leaves and bark of the stem.
Phytochemical properties and compounds of
Azadirachta indica
None of the metabolites tested contained
glycosides and coumarins. The constituents
(alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids)
that are present in the plant’s leaves, stembark,
and seeds were screened quantitatively. The
result shows that the stembark, leaves, and seeds
had higher per centages of alkaloids, flavonoids,
saponins, and terpenoids. Based on previous
studies and research, all the phytochemicals that
were mentioned and tested are bioactive, and this
could be a good source of medication (Khanal,
2021; Subramanian, 2020).
Azadirachta indica has been widely used in
ayurvedic medicine to treat fever, cough, asthma and
diarrhea, which are also reported as the common
clinical symptoms of COVID-19 (Roy &
Bhattacharyya, 2020). Aside from being a rich
source of antioxidants, it is also reported to contain
multiple biological and pharmacological activities
such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiinflammatory (Alzohairy, 2016). Further studies
confirmed that it also contains antiarthritic,
antipyretic, hypoglycemic, anti-gastric ulcer, and
antitumor activities. Its constituents also include
nimbin, nimbidin, nimbolide, and limonoids and
other ingredients that partake in disease management
through the modulation of genetic pathways and
other activities (Alzohairy, 2016).
According to research, Azadirachta
indica has a wide range of compounds, some of
which
have
pharmacological
potential.
Triterpenes have the therapeutic use out of all the
compounds found in neem. Antipyretic,
fungicidal, antihistamine, and antiseptic
properties have been shown for nimbin
(triterpene). Additionally, nimbin has antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties,
minimizing damage by reducing the production
of reactive oxygen species (Naik et al., 2018).
Additionally, its bioactive compounds are
known to have antiviral activities against smallpox,
chickenpox, herpes, poliovirus, dengue virus, and
HIV. The chemicals it contains may also help in
lowering blood sugar levels, repair gastric ulcers,
prevent pregnancy, kill germs, and prevent plaque
build-up in the mouth (Shadrack et al., 2021).
Flavonoids found on Azadirachta indica,
inhibits
prostaglandin
biosynthesis,
endoperoxides, and enzymes including protein
kinases and phosphodiesterases are implicated in
inflammation (Batista et al., 2020).
The result shows that among the various
qualitative tests performed on secondary
metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and
terpenoids were present in all tested components,
while polyphenols, tannins, and steroids were only
Table 5. Azadirachta indica parts, the compounds it contains, and its phytochemical properties
Plant Parts
Compounds
Medicinal Properties
Leaves, Stem bark
Alkaloids
anesthetics, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory
Leaves, Stem bark
Triterpene
Antipyretic, fungicidal, antihistamine, and antiseptic
properties,anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
Leaves
Flavonoids
Anti-inflammatory
Leaves, Stem bark
Terpenoids
anticancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral,
11
antihyperglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and
antiparasitic
Leaves, Stem bark
Polyphenols
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
Leaves, Stem bark
Steroids
Anti-inflammatory
Leaves, Stem bark
Saponins
hemolytic factor4 anti-inflammatory,5 antibacterial,6
antifungal,7 antiviral,8 insecticidal9, anticancer,10
cytotoxic11 and molluscicidal action.
Leaves, Stem bark
Tannins
anticancer, virucides, antioxidant, antimicrobial and
anti-inflammatory
Trunk Bark
nimbin, nimbinin, nimbidin, nimbosterol, essential oil,
tannins, margosine, 6-desacetyl nimbinene, antitumor
polysaccharide
Heartwood
β-sitosterol, 24-methylenelophenol and nimatone,
calcium, potassium, iron salts
Specific Parts of Azadirachta indica
Leaf / leaf extract
This component of the scoping review
highlights the case report of Kanitkar et. al,
wherein they studied the effects of orally taken
Azadirachta indica leaves to six patients
experiencing COVID-19 symptoms. Two
participants belonged to the age group of 5-13
years old, three from the 34-40 age group, and
one from the age group of 60-70. This
information is further discussed in detail (Table
6).
Age and
Gender
Symptoms
1
34-year-old
female
Body ache,
cough
2
40-year-old
male
Body ache, etc.
5-year-old
female
Myalgia
4
37-year-old
male
Asymptomatic
5
13-year-old
male
Asymptomatic
6
69-year-old
female
Serious illness
These patients started their intake of
Azadirachta indica leaves one to two days after
their admission. The ones belonging to the age
group of 13-70 were prescribed to ingest 9-10g of
A. indica leaves mixed with water in equal
portions every day, while the five-year-old had a
lesser dose (1-2g/day) due to her age. Some of
them ingested it for four days and some took it for
five days. As days go by, the researchers of the
case report were able to observe that the
participants’ conditions have improved, and they
gradually lessened the frequency and dosage of
the solution until the participants have fully
recovered. They have concluded that the leaves
Table 6. Patient information from the case
report of Kanitkar et. al
Patient
3
12
are non-toxic for 6g/kg body weight, and they
hypothesized that the solution takes effect within two
to three days (Kanitkar et al, 2020).
The trunk bark contains several
compounds, including nimbin, nimbinin,
nimbidin, nimbosterol, essential oil, tannins,
margosine, 6-desacetyl nimbinene, and
antitumor polysaccharide, as shown in the
table. The bioactive compounds found in the
stem bark include alkaloids, flavonoids,
saponins and terpenoids, polyphenols,
tannins, and steroids. The heartwood contains
-sitosterol,
24-methylenelophenol
and
nimatone, as well as calcium, potassium, and
iron salts (University of Colorado Anschutz
Medical Campus, 2022).
In vitro and in silico docking studies have
demonstrated that Azadirachta indica leaf extracts
and its phytochemicals have direct antiviral effects
on different viruses like dengue and hepatitis C (Lim
et al., 2021). In the study conducted by Dash et al.
(2017), a phytochemical analysis of methanolic leaf
extracts of A. indica showed that it contains
numerous biological components, specifically
alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, but the aqueous
leaf extract was found to contain a maximum number
of phytoconstituents such as saponins and
flavonoids. They have concluded that phytochemical
and biochemical experiments performed during the
study confirms that Azadirachta indica’s leaf
extracts are rich in antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory,
and antioxidant properties (Dash et al., 2017). In
addition to this, Azadirachta indica leaves can also
be used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as
diarrhea (Roy & Bhattacharya, 2020).
Efficacy of Azadirachta indica
The study of Lim et al. (2021) suggests
Azadirachta indica as a possible herbal
source of anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent with
antiviral,
anti-inflammatory,
and
immunomodulatory characteristics in a
multimodal efficacy. A. indica has recently
been the subject of two separate randomized
controlled trials. The anti-SARS-CoV-2
potential of indica extract/capsule in COVID19 positive patients was established in A.
indica (Khan et al., 2020; Nesari et al., 2021;
Kushwaha et al., 2021).
Bark
Azadirachta indica’s bark is also used to
treat fever (RxList, 2021) and as a tonic and
astringent (Alzohairy, 2016). Its twig also has
medicinal properties that could relieve cough,
asthma, piles, phantom tumor, intestinal worms,
spermatorrhea, obstinate urinary disorder and
diabetes (Meghwarl & Khaskheli, 2020). It was
discovered that root bark extract had a stronger
free radical scavenging effect, with 50 per cent
scavenging activity at 27.3 μg/mL and overall
antioxidant activity of 0.58 mM of standard
ascorbic acid. Meanwhile, its stem bark ethanol
extracts showed higher free radical scavenging
effect with 50 per cent scavenging activity at
30.6 microg/mL. Furthermore, total antioxidant
activity of stem bark extract was found to be
1.064 mM of standard trolox (Alzohairy, 2016).
According to the findings of the study of
Kumar (2020), the natural compounds of
Azadirachta indica can be efficient SARSCoV-2 inhibitors by binding to the spike
glycoprotein, RNA polymerase, and/or its
protease. Several of these natural compounds
have shown strong binding activity against
the SARS-major CoV-2's protease. The
greater the binding activity of these
compounds over lopinavir/ritonavir and
remdesivir, the better justification their
therapeutic use gets (Kumar, 2020).
13
Table 7. Summary of pilot studies on reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection
No. of
participant
s
Patient description
Sample type
E = 190
C = 154
Patients at risk of
COVID-19 infection
due to contact with
COVID-19 positive
patients.
Placebo
Supplement
C=6
1 = 34-year-old, female
2 = 40-year-old, male
3 = 5-year-old, female
4 = 37-year-old, male
5 = 13-year-old, male
6 = 69-year-old, female
Dosage
Major findings
50 mg. of neem
leaf extract
Total 13 subjects tested
positive during the study. All
were asymptomatic. Of the
154
participants
who
completed the study perprotocol, 11 tested positive,
three in the supplement group
and eight in the control
group. The risk of infection
was 0.45 times the risk of
participants in the placebo
group, with the effectiveness
of the intervention being
around 55 per cent (Nesari et
al., 2021).
9-10g of
Azadirachta
indica leaves
mixed with water
in equal portions
The individuals' symptoms
improved after four to five
days
of
constant
consumption of Azadirachta
indica leaves, and the
frequency and quantity of the
solution were gradually
lowered until the individuals
recovered
completely.
Within one to three days, the
subjects' conditions had
stabilized
and
were
asymptomatic.
They
determined that the leaves are
non-toxic at a dose of 6g/kg
body weight and predicted
that the solution will take
effect in two to three days.
According to these findings,
all six patients have a
recovery rate of 100 per cent.
Legend: E - enrolled; C - completed the study
prophylactic effect of neem in patients at risk of
COVID-19 infection due to contact with COVID19 positive patients. There were 190 enrolled
patients, however only 154 patients completed
Table 7 shows pilot studies experiments of
Azadirachta indica on patients positive and maybe at
risk of COVID-19. The study in row 1 examines the
14
the study. The sample given to the patients were a
placebo and 50 mg twice daily of a neem leaf extract
for 28 days. The participants' average age was 36.97
years, and 68.42 per cent were male. A total of 11
patients were positive, three in the supplemented
group and eight in the placebo group. The patients in
the placebo group had a risk of infection of 0.45
times, with the effectiveness of the intervention
being around 55 per cent (Nesari et al., 2021).
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This study was conducted in order to
provide a scoping review of the potentiality of
Azadirachta indica as a treatment towards mild
symptoms of COVID-19. After determining the
inclusion and exclusion criteria and screening the
gathered resources, 16 studies were found
eligible for this scoping review. The findings
gathered from this review revealed that the
Azadirachta indica has various medicinal
compounds and properties that may be significant
in alleviating mild symptoms of COVID-19.
Such compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids,
terpenoids, polyphenols, saponins, tannins and
steroids that are known to have antiinflammatory,
antioxidant,
antimicrobial,
antibacterial, and antipyretic properties. Thus, the
researchers were able to conclude that the
Azadirachta indica may be a potential treatment
for mild symptoms of COVID-19.
The first five patients ranged in age from five to
40 years old, and all of them tested positive for
COVID19 and displayed typical COVID19
symptoms such as body aches, coughs, and fevers.
Two of the five patients were children, aged five and
13, and the others were adults, aged 36-40. Three of
the five patients were male, and two were female. All
the patients were from the same family and lived in
the same home. Patient 6 was a 69-year-old woman
who was hospitalized on July 3rd with significant
sickness and a D-Dimer level of more than 2000
ng/mL. The study by Kanitkar et al. (2020) in Row 2
shows that participants' conditions have improved
within four to five days of continuous intake of A.
indica leaves, and the frequency and dosage of the
solution have been steadily reduced until the subjects
have totally recovered. Within one to three days, the
participants’ conditions are now stable and
asymptomatic. They determined that the leaves are
non-toxic at 6g/kg body weight and expected that the
solution will take effect in two to three days. With
these reports, the recovery rate of the six patients is
100 per cent.
Studies about this topic are limited
because the issue is novel. From the current data
extracted from the existing studies, it is revealed
that Azadirachta indica leaves have direct
antiviral effects on dengue and hepatitis C. In
addition to this, phytochemical and biochemical
experiments in the study of Priyanka confirmed
that Azadirachta indica leaves are rich in
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant
properties. Although there are studies about the
Azadirachta indica’s bark as a treatment for fever
and can be used as a tonic and astringent, there
are more studies about its leaves and extracts.
Limitations of review
There are distinct reasons that caused
limitations in carrying out this scoping review.
Considering that the issue this study covers is novel,
the number of articles and studies used in this review
is finite. The researchers were also able to encounter
restrictions
in accessing the
information
encompassed by certain sources. Manual searching
was also conducted due to the unavailability of
automated software and tools for searching. In spite
of these, such limitations likely contributed to the
fabrication of this study. In addition, the results of
this scoping review only covered published studies
as of October 2021.
In accordance with the information in
Table 6 (Kanitkar et.al), the participants of the
case report experienced bodyache, cough, and
myalgia. Some participants were also
asymptomatic, and some were suffering from a
serious illness. They were prescribed with a
certain dosage and frequency and the researchers
were able to hypothesize that the leaf solution
took effect within two to three days of ingestion.
Also, from the information shown in Table 7, the
participants who took leaf extracts had the risk of
infection while the participants who took the leaf
solution mixed with equal parts of water were
reported to be stable and asymptomatic. With
these, the researchers concluded the efficacy rate
15
of leaf extracts is 55 per cent and 100 per cent for the
leaf solution mixed with water in equal portions.
The review revealed particular existing
gaps such as the limited studies found and not
having enough evidence in the gathered studies
which insinuates the need for further
investigations about the efficacy of Azadirachta
indica on mild symptoms of COVID-19. Also,
the researchers strongly suggest the conduct of
research that proposes a cross-sectional design.
In addition to this, the bioactive compounds
found within the plant can treat mild symptoms of
COVID-19 due to its medicinal properties. With
these, the researchers acknowledge the leaves of the
Azadirachta indica as the most suitable part to be
used for the procurement of the treatment for mild
symptoms of COVID-19.
16
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11(Special Issue 1):1105–1109, 2020. |
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23
A Scoping Review on The Efficacy of Azadirachta indica on Mild Symptoms of COVID-19
Angeline Mae S. Aguilar
Monique Ashley D. Brillante
Cy Justin G. Casin
Eunice Andrea N. Marbella
Kyle Aleiza S. Mayor
Angelica C. Miranda
Recommendations
Ester Joy D. Agudo, MAEd.
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Sonny Jayson C. Taduran, LPT.
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Faith P. Acabado, LPT.
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Noted:
DIANA MAE PONCE, LPT.
Research Adviser
Approved:
ESTER JOY D. AGUDO, MAEd.
Panel Chair
SONNY JAYSON C. TADURAN, LPT.
Panel Member
FAITH P. ACABADO, LPT.
Panel Member
24
MARBELLA, EUNICE ANDREA N.
Estancia, Malinao, Albay
Email Add.: euniceandrea.marbella30@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09494270070
22 X 2 PHOTO
(Corporate/formal Attire or
Uniform)
Career objective
●
●
To be an astounding professional in my area of work, with a passion for innovation,
challenges, working and helping with the people and the community.
To attain a position as a nurse, where I can apply my skills, my experience in rescue and aid,
and a goal to achieve the hospital’s objectives.
Basic Information
Age
Nationality
Height
: 18
: Filipino
: 5’0
Date of Birth : November 30, 2003
Gender
: Female
Civil Status : Single
Skills
Skills
: Goal oriented
: Prioritization of Work
: Basic skills in rescue and aid
: Skilled in 3D AutoCAD
: Can work under pressure
Educational Background
Secondary Level
School
: University of Santo Tomas - Legazpi
Year
: S. Y. 2020 - 2022
Address
: Rawis, Legazpi, Albay
Awards Received: Ranked 185th in STEM,
Ranked 223rd in Grade 11
School
: Tabaco National High School
Year
: S.Y. 2016 - 2020
Address
: Panal, Tabaco City, Albay,
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2019 - 2020,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2018 - 2019,
Leadership Award in Match Club,
Leadership Award in Arts and Design Club,
Leadership Award in Grade 10 Federated Class Council
School
Primary Level
: San Antonio Elementary School
25
Year
: S.Y. 2009 - 2016
Address
: San Antonio, Tabaco City, Albay
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2015 - 2016,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2014 - 2015,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2013 - 2014,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2012 - 2013,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2011 - 2012,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2010 - 2011,
Academic Excellence Award S.Y. 2009 - 2010
Academic/Work Experiences
Designation
Company
Year
: Part-time Sales Lady, Staff
: KSR Minimart
: August 2021 - to present
Designation
Company
Year
: Front Liner, Staff
: Bas Refilling Station
: 2015 - to present
Designation
Institution
Year
: Volunteer, #KitaMan Donation Drive
: Bicol University
: 2020 - 2020
Designation
Institution
Year
: Volunteer, AlBayanihan: A Donation Drive
: Bicol University
: 2020 - 2020
Designation
Institution
Year
: Business Manager, Grade 10 Federated Class Council Officer
: Tabaco National High School
: 2019 - 2020
Designation
Institution
Year
: Member, Student-led Hazard Watching Team
: Tabaco National High School
: 2019 - 2020
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
EUNICE ANDREA N. MARBELLA
Applicant
26
BRILLANTE, MONIQUE ASHLEY D.
Purok 3 Doña Tomasa, Guinobatan, Albay
Email Add.: moniquebrillante@gmail.com
Contact Number: 09551703337
Career objective
●
To become knowledgeable, skill-wise and be able to apply the knowledge and skills I’ve
learned and developed from school onto an actual working setting. I willingly offer my
service to your company and I will persevere to become one of your company’s strong suits
during the time of my employment under you.
Basic Information
Age
Nationality
Height
: 18
: Filipino
: 5”3
Date of Birth : March 06, 2004
Gender
: Female
Civil Status : Single
Skills
Skills
Skills
: Effective communication skills
: Computer literate
: Commendable leadership skills
: Can easily adapt
: Can work under pressure
: Writing
: Open-minded
: Committed
Educational Background
Secondary Level
School
: University of Santo Tomas - Legazpi
Year
: 2020 - 2022
Address
: Rawis, Albay
Awards Received: (not available)
School
: St. Benedict’s Academy, Inc.
Year
: 2016 - 2020
Address
: Guinobatan, Albay
Awards Received: Grade 7-10 With Honors
Primary Level
School
: St. Benedict’s Academy, Inc.
Year
: 2009 - 2016
Address
: Guinobatan, Albay
Awards Received: Grade 1 - 6 With Honors
27
Work Experiences
Designation
Company
Year
: Work Immersion Student / Trainee
: Camalig Rural Health Unit
: 2022
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
BRILLANTE, MONIQUE ASHLEY D.
Applicant
28
CASIN, CY JUSTIN G.
5807 Post Corners trail Apt. G, Centreville, VA 20120
Email Add.: cyjustin.casin@ust-legazpi.edu.ph
Contact Number: +639566717977
Career objective
● To obtain experience and information, as well as to acquaint myself in preparation for my
future ambition of working in a hospital.
Basic Information
Age
Nationality
Height
: 18
: Filipino
: 5’9”
Date of Birth : October 29, 2003
Gender
: Male
Civil Status : Single
Skills
Skills
: Crafty
: Responsible
: Easily adapt to situations
: Critical thinker
Educational Background
Secondary Level
School
:University of Santo Tomas–Legazpi
Year
: 2020 - 2022
Address
: Legazpi City, Albay
Awards Received : N/A
School
Year
Address
Awards Received
: Catholic Central School
: 2016 - 2020
: Ziga Ave., Tabaco City, Albay
: Academic Excellence
Primary Level
School
: Tabaco Northwest Central School
Year
: 2014 - 2016
Address
: Panal, Tabaco City
Awards Received : N/A
29
School
Year
Address
Awards Received
: Daniel B. Peña Memorial College Foundation
: 2010 - 2014
: Ziga Avenue, Tabaco City
: N/A
Academic/Work Experiences
Designation
Company
Year
: N/A
: N/A
: N/A
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
CY JUSTIN G. CASIN
Applicant
30
MIRANDA, ANGELICA C.
San Julian, Irosin, Sorsogon
Email Add.: angelica.miranda@ust-legazpi.edu.ph
Contact Number: 09283444718
●
To acquire knowledge and practice my skills in the career I'll be pursuing, and to apply and
use what I've learned in school in a real-life scenario and practical context.
Age
Nationality
Height
Skills
: 18 years old
: Filipino
: 5'0
Date of Birth : October 25, 2003
Gender
: Female
Civil Status : Single
: Video Editing
: Photography
: Communication
: Creativity
: Leadership
: Teamwork
School
Secondary Level
: University of Santo Tomas-Legazpi
Year
: 2020-Present
Address
: Rawis, Legazpi City
Awards Received
: None
School
: Gallanosa National Highschool
Year
: 2016 - 2020
Address
: San Pedro,Irosin,Sorsogon
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Awards from Grade 7 to Grade 10
: School-Based Science & Technology Fair 2020
: 1st placer in English Quiz Bowl S.Y 2019-2020
:3rd placer in Math Game during the Cluster Patiribayan in Math, Math Camp
& Leadership Training
31
Primary Level
School
: Holy Spirit Academy of Irosin
Year
: 2008 - 2016
Address
: Irosin, Sorsogon
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Awards from Grade 1 to Grade 6
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
ANGELICA C. MIRANDA
Applicant
32
AGUILAR, ANGELINE MAE S.
Bapor, Masbate City, Masbate
Email Add.: angelinemae.aguilar@ust-legazpi.edu.ph
Contact Number: 09277063192
22 X 2 PHOTO
(Corporate/formal Attire or Uniform)
Career objective
●
To find a position as a medical assistant where I can use my educational background and
time management abilities to provide great assistance to both doctors and patients.
Committed to leveraging knowledge of industry equipment and technology to support
diagnosis and treatment.
Basic Information
Age
Nationality
Height
: 18 y/o
: Filipino
: 155 cm
Date of Birth : February 05, 2004
Gender
: Female
Civil Status : Single
Skills
Skills
: Reliability
: Decision-making
: Communication
: Time management
: Organizational
: Perseverance
Educational Background
Secondary Level
School
: University of Santo Tomas - Legazpi
Year
: S.Y. 2020-2022
Address
: Rawis, Legazpi City, Albay
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Award
School
: Liceo de Masbate
Year
: S.Y. 2016-2020
Address
: Quezon Street, Masbate City, Masbate
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Award
Primary Level
School
: Yadah Christian School Inc.
Year
: S.Y. 2010-2016
Address
: Quezon Street, Masbate City, Masbate
Awards Received: Academic Excellence Award, Loyalty Award
33
Work Experiences
Designation
Company
Year
: Part-time cashier
: MSP Trading Center Masbate
: 2019
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
ANGELINE MAE S. AGUILAR
Applicant
34
MAYOR, KYLE ALEIZA S.
Dap-dap, Legazpi City
Email Add.: kylealeiza.mayor@ust-legazpi.edu.ph
Contact Number: 09054248354
Career objective
●
Seeking a challenging position in a reputed organization where I can learn new skills, expand
my knowledge, and leverage my learnings.
Basic Information
Age
Nationality
Height
: 18
: Filipino
: 5’0
Date of Birth : April 07, 2004
Gender
: Female
Civil Status : Single
Skills
Skills
: Adaptive Thinking
: Communication
: Collaboration
: Empathy
: Perspective
: Writing
Educational Background
Secondary Level
School
: Saint Raphael Academy
Year
: 2016-2020
Address
: Baybay, Legazpi City
Awards Received: Athlete of the Year
School
: University of Santo Tomas - Legazpi
Year
: 2020-2022
Address
: Rawis, Legazpi City
Awards Received: N/A
Primary Level
School
: Albay Central School
Year
: 2008-2016
Address
: Albay
Awards Received: Athlete of the Year
35
Academic/Work Experiences
Designation
Company
Year
: Member
: Girl Scout of the Philippines
: 2018-2019
Designation
Company
Year
: Outreach Program
: SRA
: 2018-2019
Designation
Institution
Year
: Participant
: Musical Play
: 2018-2019
I hereby certify that the aforementioned records and information are true and correct to the best of
my knowledge, belief, and ability.
KYLE ALEIZA S. MAYOR
Applicant
36