DRRR Reviewer
DISASTER - Defined as a serious disruption of
the functioning of a community or a society at
any scale due to hazardous events.
An event is already a disaster if a hazard has
already affected a population making them
vulnerable.
DISASTER RISK - The potential loss of life,
injury, or destroyed or damaged assets
ACCEPTABLE/TOLERABLE RISK - The extent
to which a disaster risk is deemed acceptable or
tolerable depends on existing social, economic,
political, cultural, and environmental conditions.
RESIDUAL RISK - Disaster risk that remains,
even when effective disaster risk reduction
measures are in place and for which emergency
response and recovery must be maintained.
4. Rapid and Unplanned Urbanization - New
opportunities for resilient investment emerge
along with the unfolding of new urbanization in
hazard-exposed countries.
5. Environmental Degradation - It is both a driver
and consequence of disasters, reducing the
capacity of the environment to meet social and
ecological needs.
6. Lack of Awareness - The key to reducing loss
of life and damage from natural disasters is
widespread public awareness and education.
People must be aware of what natural hazards
they are likely to face in their own communities.
7. Weak Governance - Investment environments
in which public sector actors are unable or
unwilling to assume their roles and
responsibilities in protecting rights, providing
basic services, public services, and ensuring
that public sector management is efficient and
effective.
THE EFFECTS OF DISASTERS:
HAZARD - Defined as a process, phenomenon,
or human activity that may cause loss of life,
injury or health impacts, property damage, social
and economic disruption, or even environmental
degradation.
EXPOSURE - The situation of people,
infrastructure, housing, and other tangible
human assets located in hazard-prone areas.
VULNERABILITY - Condition determined by
physical, social, economic, and environmental
factors of processes which increases the
susceptibility of an individual.
CAPACITY - The combination of all strengths,
attributes, and resources available.
DISASTER RISK DRIVERS - Factors that
promote or increase the risk of a disaster.
DISASTER DAMAGE - Occurs during and
immediately after the disaster. Is usually
measured in physical units and describes the
total or partial destruction of physical assets,
disruption of basic services and damages to
sources of livelihood in the affected area.
DISASTER IMPACT - The total effect, including
both positive and negative effects of a disaster
or a hazardous event. This includes economic,
human, and environmental impacts. And may
also include death, injuries, and other negative
effects on a human's well-being.
SMALL-SCALE DISASTER - A type of disaster
only affecting local communities which require
assistance beyond the affected community.
LARGE-SCALE DISASTER - A type of disaster
affecting a society which requires national or
international assistance.
FREQUENT AND INFREQUENT DISASTER
Risk Drivers:
1. Climate Change - Can increase disaster risk
through altering the frequency and intensity of
hazard events, affecting vulnerability to hazards
and changing exposure patterns.
2. Poverty and Socio-Economic Inequality - Is
both a driver and consequence of disasters, and
the processes that further disaster risk related
poverty are permeated with inequality
3. Increased Population Density / Growth Increases vulnerability to disasters, especially in
urban and increased population density areas
through congestion, limited escape routes,
dense infrastructure, and poverty.
SLOW-ONSET DISASTER
SUDDEN-ONSET DISASTER
The Effects of Disasters:
1. Deaths / Mortalities / Injuries / Missing
Persons
2. Displaced Population
3. Health Risks
4. Food Scarcity And Water Shortage
5. Emotional Aftershocks
6. Economic Loss
7. Infrastructure And Property Damages