maior
digestive
groups
organs
of
which
comprise
the
human
system
Alimentary
cancl
consists
:
Twweo
of
organs
through
which
food
actually
boesophagus
5 stomach
b
small
t
Accessory
transfer
inteshne
large
organs
:
-
SUSEM
:
BIGESNVE
:
.l
G
food
b salivary
glands
4 pancras
Lo
b
liver
gall
aid
bladder
in
ageston
but
ob
not
actually
passes
gland
re l e a s e
two
salia
cortaing
paronal
gland
,
the
leg arriglased
enzimes
to
submanchibular
imimale
starch
gland
and
breakalown
gland
sublingwal
Liwer
tre
tances
thern
to
Hts
malerials
raw
role
by
the
and
intesine
small
uses
chemicals
kay
m a ke
absorbed
dctoxificanon
includes
shorage
,
-
matabolism
bule
,
-
imclude
gland
sanmary
-
ana
food
omwisien
-
.
saliuary
,
.
,
ACCESSORY
ORGANS
:
-
prodluction
Z
haemoghobin
breakdouwm
Bladder
Gall
Bladder
the
shore
Bile
the
(
the
bile
Gall
durat
Bladder
1
released
into
the
inteshre
smakl
parcreas
intessine
wia
broad
the
secretas
specrrom
og
enzymes
that
a rc
released
certain
hormones
cinsuin glucagon
,
sugar
into
tne
smakl
auoalemum
'
Also
-
a
.
Prodances
saits
are
}
in
common
liver
the
.
storca
-
by
fars
emuisify
50
produced
bike
bile
Gall
concentratons
which
regulate
blowal
wich
CANAL
ALMENTARY
oesophagus
noliow
mbe
trachea
is
food
-
buy
the
epigloths
mixed
with
the
wrab
to
caning
shomach
the
aseparated
from
2
salva
them
mowed
is
in
bolus
a
via
the
achion
peristalsis
-
skommach
.
of
temporary
baggins
shorage
tank
food
mwnare
is
mixed
by
cnurning
and
protein
disgerstion
.
A
-
conmaching
).
A
-
it
linealnv
cacklia
creake e
rclease
is
un
usbsich
e
ithat
ro
nm
n
byy
pits
gastric
consists
the
transverse
colon
,
well
as
-
crwtrients
a rc
sechoms
absorbed
isduodanom
regorszirn
llewmn
f
where
.
substances
tarse
fokled
mighln
)
smal
longg
fowch
of
canal
where
as
inteshne
thrcz
-
A
-
absorbeal
arc
animentary
water
2
usable
the
rechum
.
-
the
of
,
mnerals
saction
.
final
te
-
intestine
aarge
-
plkces
,
?
digestive
dissolved
DIGESMOW
food
esuch
,
prozeins
occur
localon
and
secreled
for
required
-
Begins
stormach
the
im
og
panaeas
baz
to
order
carboningcrate aiges
coniimie
chains
polypephde
starch
cigeshonns
.
:
small
enter
by
.
samaglase
into
acids
niclei
L
were
broken
anoopephdlases
by
pancras
rnvclewsides
.
an
Ph
rieaseas
-
lo
7
ophimally
intestins
down
tion
emulsification
ahigest
which
mucneases
beginning
DNA
,
secreted
im
inteshnes
with
.
Amnglase
also
that
.
aceanc
glands
-smaller
-
raeases
wa aw r
3
proleases
funcson
from
armylase
sallary
in
of
rezase
on
accals
pancreas
Breakabwwn
rezease
thue
kilth
depends
nucieig
dupias
-
with
searchon
of
nydrolysis
proteins
begins
mouth
.
.
energinz
of
.
,
rate
is
astore
dd
:
.
to
macromolecule
carbonydrates
in
Emunsificamon
the
the
up
actioaton
lowering
by
enzyme
of
speaiflc
Digestion
smalser
RMA
bile
into
which
intestine
.
called
release
to
prior
.
the
Lo
in
alding
s
speed
procemses
dagestive
mp
The
bladder
fluid
a
.
reachor
chemical
allow
demanars
to
fumchons
which
catalysts
biological
2
gall
preduces
.
Enzymes
a
liver
aigeston
overan
5
The
within
macromolecule
other
2
"
wreake
to
envinonment
acialla
the
wwhiich
glands
aaids
environient
PHL
0w
l
Bile
digershie
release
b
bile
2
gastric
comtains
stomach
a
agents
chemical
of
acbion
the
:
acids
stomach
Ls
aaids
entymes
as
by
dwn
b ro ke n
is
.
L
)
CHEMICAL
lmauznz
peristalsis
-
cnewing
-
DIGESTON
MECHANICAL
-
L
I
mrawels
nowards
dowrs
esophagus
as
movement
of
the
in
a
bolus
Ls
also
occurs
in
squeeke
Lcorinnous
segments
calleå
the
mix
digested
2
wolth
smong
into
herned
which
pmysically
suices
aigesnue
a
areamy
paste
cyrnc
segmantation
Ls
involves
segments
-
mores
the
of
chyme
non
-adjacent
:
-
.
food
mosaies
contraction
aircular
in
bots
2
smooth
relaxation
mosdle
arections
-
in
of
intestines
greater
mix
of
food
.
food
2
comnains
.
L
liming
commrach
istomach
hag
agot
ashomach
Lo snomach
oesophagus
thmoaut
of
mack
mechanismn
Lo principal
churming
-
mmastication
baz
pushed
food
down
.
mouth
thie
im
brozen
iminalilzg
is
.
3
flooal
}
L
of
longinidinal
smooth
musake
?
marekax
Muaosa
into
enzymes
Enzmes
smak
wall
:
substancers
peristalsis)
lumen
P
hormones
synthesize l
secreres
the
glncagon
aigeshc
}
into
macromoleates
in
food
into
to
blood
the
into
th
enzymes
raponse
INESTNE
most
insulir
gut
cating
in
a
med
.
tissve
.
gland
of
secrete
parscas
tre
intestione
of
rypes
.
2
calls
of
digest
The
-
of
SMAL
thz
surface
inner
:
groups
IN
DIGESMON
absorbs
that
epithelium
with
wersees
.
small
bromande
isy
secretes
contains
pancreas
Ls
inleshne
momorners
small
inesmne
produces
a
wariely
of
other
enzymes
,
6
small
symph
I
blood
containing
of
its
on
Lsegmentation
musdle
(
musdo
intestine
small
of
aiming
the
pancreas
me
layer
longitudinal
.
b
JUICE
circular
of
calls
PANCREAME
-
of
rissue
merricnts
layer
of
.
:
a
:
:
submucsa
layer
composed
coat
outer
tissves
liuing
,
-
:
layer
inner
and
outer
an
musae
of
made
).
inteanne
layers
of
Serosa
INTESTLE
SMALL
:
SIRUCTURE
THE
OF
WALL
THE
OF
.
-
which
aigest
more
mhe
area
Cs
arca
of
by
:
2
finger
muao
on
the
projechons
inside
intest
inewae
th
ABSORPMON
by
procem
small
the
viil
"
monomers
absorbs
digeston
witaming
VILLi
as
well
as
formed
by
minerae
lons
out
.
carricd
vili
are
of
-
the
ag
of
bood
2
is
surface
on
out
presence
ucli
cells
absorphon
intestine
carres
that
wmah
over
.
into
depends
absorphon
apithalium
increased
subtances
small
in
ephitirialin
ag
a rc a
taking
nomrients
og
rake
of
of
process
Cs Absorbphon
L
soiface
the
-lice
:
Absorphon
DIGESTON
FOR
.
u l increase
ll
5
AREA
SURFACE
.
2
.
UIZT
6.2
(
CIRCULATON
THE
2
discovery
the
with
presence
behozen
Lo
A
little
air
,
L
some
from
og
by
blood
out
in
arteries
2
blood
lngs
witae
right
in
liver
2
ventriche
passes
and
spirits
fine
versees
of
the
the
into
to
pumped
heart
a
snorm
left
ventricle
where
it
meets
becomries
wital
flow
to
brain
spirits
to
be
converted
into
animal
spirits
2
returns
to
veirs
.
out
SCIENCE
uncertain
as
formed
is
liwer
pumped
!
blood
be
,
:
regarded
IN
;
Ly Galen
pumps
numerous
of
THEORIES
ANCIENT
a re
to
.
the
Linzorces
heart
the
that
p re d i c e d
OVERTURNING
being
after
body
bood
showed
-
for
high
too
through
flow
of
.
he art
far
rake
the
that
the
in
consumed
the
was
vessels
mayor
backfow
prevent
shewed
also
He
umidinachonal
is
vessels
.
to
valves
with
Ls
larger
the
fow
.
through
blowd
that
demonstraled
hanay
blood
the
of
.
b
airculation
the
of
.
usually
credited
C
628)
BLOOD
OF
2
HARLEY
WILLIAN
ARTERIES
--
ventricles
their
in
walls
composed of
artery
of
ARTERY
wail
fibres
elashe
2
muscle
have
arterieo
externa
tumica
tunica
hanzca
medha
inhma
PRESSURE
ARTERIAL
B LO D
bood
maintaining
in
pump
betwreen
pressere
cycles
.
-
assish
fibres
clashc
2
musce
The
from
WALLS
-
-
pressure
body
of
nssues
nigh
af
:
to
blood
convey
Arteries
CAPILLARLES
-
the
bood
im
materiaes
between
permeable
cells
in
capinary
VEINS
the
the
WALWES
-
IN
in
vaiwes
of
at
the
pressure
ow
body
the
of
tissves
amia
blood
2
revern
from
it
to
heart
VEINS
ve i n s
2
heart
ensure
circulation
of
bood
by
preventing
backflow
.
vans
collect
.
-
2
assuc
with
capiliaries
.
walls
in
of
exchange
allow
that
tissues
through
fows
4 Blood
COMPARISON
*
prersaure
direchion
prewents
back
rtmicknes
-Elow
VESSEL
vales
walls
relativeling
arteries
FhıGm
AUWal
from heart
well
iorie
2
{
tibuak
nar mow
lamen
-
.
charaaterishco
t
extra
nwsaular
-
-
eashc
fibrez
y
Present
weirs
Law
To
the
heart
483
relaiwely
thin
many
weins
wastbrn
was
warcable
7
mnome
{
no
musdes
l
meo
small
Exbrernchns
capillares
direchon
thin
tnow
ebring
bacse
veinsj
to
wall
muscles
DOUBLE
CIRCULAMON
b
pulmmonary
from
Ly
syssermic
from
HEART
-
curcuiation
nurt
to
lungs
back
to
nurt
arewlahos
nort
structure
to
rest
body
to
murt
CIRCUCATORY
comes
Bood
1.
Men
it
untro
the
moved
is
into
right
the
BY
STEPI
from
amrium
ventrick
right
body
the
pushed
2
,
2.
CSTEP
ORDER
SUSIEM
.
-
pulmomary
picking
after
up
ar teries
oxygen
in
the
the
lungs
bood
back
travees
to
the
,
3.
the
.
into
through
the
pusmomany
weins
into
the
left
atrium
the
to
,
hears
Travels
out
of
the
body
's
U
.
hssues
through
the
Gorta
.
wenitricle
left