INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
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Know the types of Microbes.
Understandthe origins of microbiology.
- Spontaneous generation.
- Germ Theory of Disease.
- Endosymbiotic Theory.
Understand the Nomenclature of Microbes.
WHAT IS A MICROBIOLOGY?
The study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or
acellular (lacking cells).
Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including VIROLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY,
PROTISTOLOGY, MYCOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY.
WHAT ARE THE DOMAINS OF LIFE?
MICROBIRAL DIVERSITY – CLASSIFICATION AND SYSTEMATICS
DOMAINS OF MICROBIAL LIFE
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
Notion that life arises from non-living matter.
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Fleas arose from dust.
Frogs arose from flooding.
Mice appear in grain storage areas.
Maggots arise from rotting meat.
Spontaneous generation was disproved.
FRANCESCO REDI’S EXPERIMENT
BOILING BROTH
Needham’s Experiment
Spallanzani’s Experiment
Louis Pasteur’s Experiment
ANTONY VAN LEEWENHOEK’S “WEE ANIMALCULE”
He was a draper (made clothes).
Built his own microscope as a hobby.
Saw in water from rain or poud.
CELL THEORY
Robert Hooke → Coined the term “cell” when looking at cork.
Robert Hooke → Coined the term “cell” when looking at cork.
Matthais Schleiden → Observed cells in plant tissue.
Theodor Schwann → Observed cells in animal tissues.
CELL THEORY: CELLS DIVIDE TO MAKE NEW CELLS
Rudolf Virchow
Robert Remark
IDEA THAT MICROBES CAUSE DISEASE
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Thucydides
Advocated for evidencebased analysis of cause and
effect.
Plague survivors don’t get
sick again - inmunity
Marcus Terentius Varro
First to propose things we can’t see
cause disease
GERM THEORY OF DISEASE
Ignaz Semmelweis
Joseph Lister
TAXONOMY
Robert Koch
NOMENCLATURE
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Genus species
Ex) Escherichia coli
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Abbreviation = G. species
E. coli
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Genus spp. - When talking about multiple species in a
genus
Genus sp. – when species is unknown or not needed
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