SOCIAL MEDIA RANTING: ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS TO EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING A Thesis Presented to the Faculty Of the College of Arts and Sciences University of Cebu Cebu City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject RESEARCH 2 by Birondo, April Diane Bongcales, Pearl Jane Caballero, Carl Vincent Cabuga, Joann Fe December 2021 ii APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled “Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Wellbeing”, prepared and submitted by April Diane Birondo, Pearl Jane Bongcales, Carl Vincent Caballero, and Joann Fe Cabuga, in partial fulfillment of the course Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral Defense. THESIS PROPOSAL COMMITTEE MR. LLOYD VINCENT O. SASIL, LPT, MST-ELL Adviser MICHAEL L. LIM, RPm, LPT MARY ABEGAIL R. MORILLA, MA-Lit Member Member MRS. GRACE P. PAGOBO, MA, RPsych Chairman PANEL OF EXAMINERS Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade MR. LLOYD VINCENT O. SASIL, LPT, MST-ELL Adviser MICHAEL L. LIM, RPm, LPT Member MARY ABEGAIL R. MORILLA, MA-Lit Member MRS. GRACE P. PAGOBO, MA, RPsych Chairman Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Comprehensive Exam: Date of Oral Examination: DR. ULYSSES B. APARECE Dean iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Our success of this valuable piece of work could not have been possible without the participation and assistance of so many people whose names may not all be enumerated. Their contributions are sincerely appreciated and gratefully acknowledged. However, the group would like to express our deep appreciation particularly to the following: God Almighty, the author of knowledge and wisdom for His countless love, praises and thanks for His divine providence, His shower of blessings all throughout this journey. All Glory to Him! Mr. Lloyd Vincent Sasil, our research adviser, for sharing his knowledge and skills through constructive suggestions and ideas following the study's completion, as well as for assisting us in effectively completing this research project. His guidance encouraged the researchers throughout the course of the study's investigation and drafting. It was a truly amazing joy and honor to complete the thesis under his kind supervision. Mr. Rulthan P. Sumicad, our research instructor, an instructor in the College of Arts and Sciences' Mathematics department who shared his experience with the researchers and provided important information about the research, as well as valuable guidance and frequent supervision. Overall, the success of this research project is due to his constructive suggestions and guidance. Dr. Ulysses B. Aparece, the Dean of College of Arts and Sciences, for allowing researchers to conduct study through the online and for remaining accessible despite a busy schedule. iv Mrs. Grace P. Pagobo, chairman of the panel, for her tremendous assistance and approachability, which helped the completion of this thesis significantly. Mr. Michael L. Lim, one of the panel members, for his insightful comments and revisions to the thesis, which considerably improved the research study. Ms. Mary Abegail R. Morilla, one of the panel members, who contributed significant grammatical changes and suggestions for the study's improvement. CAS Students, the study's informants, for their willingness to participate in the study and for their cooperation in supplying researchers with valuable information. Other Researchers, the researchers’ classmates and colleagues, for the time and efforts put into everything, sincere support, and providing motivation and inspiration to go through with the research study. Researchers’ Family, for providing financial aid, continual inspiration, moral encouragement, and spiritual support to all researchers. RESEARCHERS v DEDICATION This research is dedicated to our respective families, who have been a constant source of inspiration and cared for, loved, and supported us throughout this challenging journey. Keep your heads up; we'll make each of you proud sooner or later. vi ABSTRACT Title : Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Well-being Researchers : April Diane Birondo, Pearl Jane Bongcales, Carl Vincent Caballero and Joann Fe Cabuga Degree : Bachelor of Arts in Psychology School : University of Cebu - Main Adviser : Mr. Lloyd Vincent Sasil Date Completed : This thesis looked into the causes and effects of social media ranting on the mental well-being of students in the University of Cebu - Main's College of Arts and Sciences department. It went on to detail the underlying factors/reasons for the informant's use of social media to vent, as well as the effects of social media ranting on students' emotional health. The qualitative phenomenological research approach was used in this study. Purposive sampling was used to choose the sixteen (16) informants for this investigation. Interviews were conducted utilizing a semi-structured guide developed by the researcher. Braun and Clarke's (2006) theme analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. Codes, categories, and common themes were identified using the transcripts of in-depth interviews. vii The responses of the informants elicited ten (10) emergent themes, which were categorized into three (2) overarching themes that presented answers to the sub-problems. The main informants' significant statements were used to extract the emergent themes. The causes of the informants’ rants on social media, the overarching theme, Causes of Informants to rants has five (5) emergent themes that were categorized as: Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns.; Relay Feelings and Connect with Others.; Expressing Emotions and Feelings; A coping Mechanism that Provides Relief.; and Avoiding Direct Judgement. The effects of social media ranting to informants’ emotional well-being, the overarching theme is Effects of Social Media Ranting has four (4) emergent themes that were classified as: Diminish and Evokes Unwanted Emotions.; Provide the Feeling of Social Support; Gain Sense of Sympathy.; Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs. The study's findings and recommendations were used to further our understanding of how the causes of social media ranting can have a significant effect on students' emotional well-being viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Page Approval Sheet ii Acknowledgement iii Dedication v Abstract vi Table of Contents viii Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study 2 Theoretical Background 3 THE PROBLEM Statement of the Problem 8 Significance of the Study 9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design 11 Research Environment 11 Research Informants 12 Research Instruments 13 Research Procedure 14 ix Data Gathering Data Analysis 15 Ethical Considerations 15 DEFINITION OF TERMS 2 15 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND 18 20 INTERPRETATION OF DATA 3 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary 39 Findings 40 Conclusion 40 Recommendations 41 REFERENCES 43 APPENDICES Appendix A - Transmittal Letter 46 Appendix B – Research Instrument 56 Appendix C – Location Map 57 Appendix D – Gantt Chart 58 Appendix E – Transcription of In-depth Interviews 61 Appendix F – Coded Significant Statements 118 Appendix F.1-Formulation of Core Meanings 205 Appendix F.2-Development of Cluster Themes 308 x Appendix F.3- Development of Emergent Themes 327 Appendix G – Diagram for Common Themes 338 CURRICULUM VITAE 340 CHAPTER 1 PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study Social media expanded its usage and became famous because of the variety it can accomplish to everyday human life. Social media is rampant concerning venting different issues related personal and social life happenings. Usually, more immersed on social media were students who find social media as their leisure when they have nothing to do. It is seen that due to the amount of time students spend on social media, they could acquire an influence that affects their well-being. Ranting issues as well as having so much time reading various posts on social media can influence student’s mental and emotional wellbeing. Ranting is an act of speaking at length in an angry and impassioned way. Moreover, ranting on social media in our local area isn't anything new. Local people find comfort on social media and choose to express their thoughts, issues, and concerns there. Even nationally, ranting on social media is more unrestrained and uncontrollable. Not to mention that this act seems as a tempting solution as of the moment, considering the current situation (pandemic) is keeping everyone trapped in their homes, alone with their thoughts and glued to their phones. While globally, ranting in social media became the arena of expression of other social media users hence, ranting is the new way of revealing negative emotions which affected a person's emotional condition as well as their mental health. 2 The use of social media anticipated that underlying causes may vary and its effects absolutely change emotions in some ways. Thus, the act of ranting online is something that has been observed, if doing it could help a person feel alleviate or it make them more triggered. Others express themselves on social media due to some causes such as psychological, personal, and other social factors. When they tend to express it over online it switches their emotions into different ways. Ranting in social media for some might be helpful and might not to their emotional well-being. This research is timely and relevant because nowadays a lot of people use social media and ranting online could elicit undesirable outcomes. The study shows off importance in a sense that it would impart knowledge and understanding towards people regarding the causes of ranting and its effect on one's emotional state. In conducting this study, it will significantly provide an awareness that promotes positive engagement of social media and be mindful of the behaviors portrayed online. Thus, knowing the causes of ranting in social media and effects towards emotional well-being is the focus of research study. 3 Theoretical Background Social media has become part of our lives and it changes the behavior inside and outside of the organization or within the person. Many studies have shown that social media has become an arena for sharing information that gives back negative emotions. Nowadays, social media has become a medium to rant or vent out on various issues and showcasing how an individual is emotionally affected by their problematic life situation. Most causes lie behind venting out on is to express their emotions regarding social, psychological, and personal matters in their lives in connection to studies difficulties, family problems and self-frustration. Besides, venting issues on social media brings impact to student’s emotional well-being either in a positive or negative way. Furthermore, several theories are introduced in this part to support the main problem and variables of the study. This study is anchored on Cognitive Neoassociation theory that was proposed by American Psychologist Leonard Berkowitz. The theory proposed that the certain experiences, or affects, can contribute toward the onset of aggressive feelings or behavior and aversive events can produce negative effects (Berkowitz 1993). This theory stated that ranting or venting can increase angry feeling, hostility and aggressive behaviors of a person and venting basically is an act of practice behaving aggressively. Experiencing feelings of being angry and venturing out to an innate object such as punching the things around, swearing into a wall, beating the couches and throwing glasses will actually change the emotional state of the person. Besides, the theory claimed that in the act of venting this more likely activates the memory to have aggressive thoughts, feelings and 4 affect behavioral tendencies mainly when a person thinks the origin of their anger while venting. According to this theory, the act of expressing anger or aggression towards objects has something to do with your emotional health. This will allow your anger to get out from the cage inside of you. However, yelling takes a different form than what is being simplified in the theory, and one we can associate is through social media as an arena of rants of today’s time. However, according to Healthline Team (2017) interviewed Bennett, Shoshana “people feel freer to sound offline” saying that ranting without an audience looking is much more comfortable to unload as people are hidden behind the screen yet still never a good thing to do online. It is because it could be emotionally destructive to the person and can cause physical health issues. Ranting can be damaging to our emotional health and it leads to more anger according to Ryan Martin, a psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay. This theory leads researchers to the possible outcome of this study that ranting on social media can have a negative effect towards the emotional well-being of a person. A lot of people rant on social media due to different factors and according to McNaughton-Cassill (2013) study suggesting that most people who rant online are more likely to have anger issues in their personal life. She added as well that going through over and over again of being mad does not reduce the anger emotion and even solving the problem. Basically, this enables a person to acquire more intense emotions such as anger and hostility that affects their emotional health which drowns them aggressively towards themselves and to others. Furthermore, a research study titled Anger on the Internet: The Perceived Value of Rant-Sites, published in (2013), found that not only does a reader’s 5 mood decline after reading a social media rant, but the writer’s anger only flares as well after putting up their post. In the end, no one wins. Therefore, venting online will not give you solutions or let you win a fight yet it does not have something to do but to worsen the triggered emotion and makes individuals even more aggressive. Another theory that is anchored in this study is Catharsis theory. This theory catharsis is one of the well-known theories, stating that venting one’s anger will produce a positive improvement in one’s psychological state. Graham (2008) expressing anger could have a beneficial effect on mental health. It is common for people to feel relaxed immediately after venting. According to this theory, viewing anger is an effective way to purge angry and aggressive feelings. Social media ranting is one way to release negative emotions. Going back to Sigmund Freuds’ definition of how catharsis approaches significant to oneself to cope up with the emotional mess or issues repressed within themselves. With regards to the proposal of Freud, he stated that one treatment of hysteria is to discharge the emotional state previously associated with trauma or any aversive situational experiences. Study of which, examining the connections among Facebook use, disclosure of negative feelings on Facebook (venting), and relationship maintenance behaviors) was conducted, and the results from logistic regression analyses indicate that Facebook usage and level of perceived stress are significant predictors for an individual's ranting behaviors. Further, the results indicated that expressing negative feelings on Facebook mediates the effect of an individual’s perceived stress on his/her online relationship maintenance behaviors. Therefore, some people experiencing psychological and emotional problems are much more open on social media of what is going on themselves. Instead of hurting 6 others physically they tend to look for other activities where they can place their anger and frustration. One other way to avoid hurting others physically is much better expressing it as a relieving area and social media could be an arena for venting. Additionally, the current study included the assessment of anger, since anger is the emotional drive supportive of reactive aggression (Averill, 1983; Blair, 2012). Anger is defined as an emotion “characterized by antagonism toward someone or something you feel has deliberately done you wrong” (American Psychiatric Association, APA). Catharsis theory refers to venting emotions, specifically anger, that helps reduce angry feelings and consequently aggressive behavior. The catharsis theory has been the foundation of different therapies (e.g., psychoanalysis, Freud & Brill, 1995; Schefft, 2001). However, other educators and the usual public point of view that expressing emotion lessen hostile behavior, but the statement does not have empirical basis (Bennett,1991). On the contrary, some studies showed that venting anger emotion might be not effective and could even enlarge aggression and hostility (Bushman, 2002). In relation to this, venting emotional issues is not always as helpful as what we usually thought it is. However, the expressing of emotion online does not always have a positive impact. In fact, the thinking of it might lower the aggressiveness turns to the possibility that it can trigger one’s specific feelings or emotion. In addition, negativity bias in online behavior has been identified in several studies which have focused on electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). eWOM refers to a “statement made by potential, actual, or former customers about a product or company, which is made available to a multitude of people and institutions via the Internet” (Hennig-Thurau et al., 2004). Lee & Cude (2012), for example, have found out that consumers are highly likely to use the Internet to express their dissatisfaction. The stronger impact of negative eWOM 7 compared to positive eWOM has been explained by arguing that negative information is more diagnostic than positive information in terms of cognitive judgement and decisionmaking (Jones, 2009; originally Herr et al., 1991). People express negative emotions online for several reasons. In consumer behavior research, three reasons have been identified (Verhagen et al., 2013). Firstly, consumers ventilate for themselves. Thogersen et. al. (2009) has found that consumers use negative eWOM for drawing attention to their dissatisfaction to get a solution or compensation. Secondly, consumers ventilate for helping others. This is the case when people disclose their negative experiences to prevent others from suffering a similar incident (Litvin et al., 2008; Parra-López et al., 2011). Thirdly, consumers ventilate for helping companies to improve their performance. Zaugg & Jäggi (2006), for example, have identified that consumers complain “to assure that the issue is structurally solved”. It has also been suggested that sometimes people run to rantsites for venting anger (Martin et al., 2013). Posted rants may act as catharsis in the sense that people feel calm and relaxed after ranting. 8 THE PROBLEM Statement of the Problem This study explored the causes of ranting in social media and its effect on the emotional well-being of the College of Arts and Sciences students in the University of Cebu-Main Campus, A.Y. 2020-2021. Specifically, it sought to find answers to the following questions: 1. What causes the informants to rant on social media? 2. How does ranting affect the informants’ emotional well-being? 9 Significance of the Study This study focuses on gathering data and information through conducting an interview with the CAS students of University of Cebu-Main Campus regarding how social media ranting can affect their emotional or psychological condition. The collection and integration of information will be assessed by the researchers believing that it significantly would impart great benefits to some and can lead to formulating of plans and interventions that effectively provide fundamental purposive actions upon the concern. This study is beneficial to the following: students, netizens, parents/guardians, teachers, researchers and future researchers. Students. The study is beneficial to students because this would help them to be mindful in expressing their issues and be guided of what would be the effect of their action towards themselves, this study also provides a deep understanding to students on what are the pros and cons of venting issues online and how it can affect to their emotional wellbeing. Netizens. This study provides information and awareness to the netizens regarding online ranting. They will be given an understanding that people who rant in social media are facing difficulties and to become more sensitive with their reactions and comments towards certain posts online. Parents/Guardians. The study is beneficial to the parents because they will become more aware of their children’s emotional and mental well-being. It will also allow them to monitor and guide their children in using social media platforms. 10 Teachers. The study is beneficial to the teachers in crafting activities that promote social media awareness and positive social media engagement. This study helps teachers to understand students’ individual problems in regards to school concerns and other issues. Researcher. This study helps researchers to understand deeply regarding the causes and effects of social media ranting towards a person’s emotional health. Through this, they would be able to impart more knowledge to other people concerning the positive and negative outcome of ranting online. Future Researchers. This study is beneficial to the future researchers because this can be used as related literature to support their research study in line to social media ranting. This will provide information that would be beneficial to their study. 11 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This section presented the process of how the research will be done, the techniques and other procedures to be used in gathering, integrating, selecting and analyzing the data and information on the research topic being set about. Besides, this section laid out the research design, research environment, research participants and research instrument. Research Design This study utilized qualitative phenomenological research design. This approach focuses on looking into the lived experiences, insights, and perceptions towards the life situation of an individual within the world. The fundamental goal of the approach is to arrive at a description of the nature of the particular phenomenon (Creswell, 2013). With this kind of procedure, the researcher may establish the general meaning of the experience, situation or events and come up with a profound understanding of phenomena. This will be a part of an individual phenomenological study as this presents a further thorough assessment and presentation of comprehensive analysis pertaining to the causes and effects of social media ranting towards student’s emotional well-being conjoining with knowing their experiences about how ranting online changes their emotional condition in many ways. Obtaining its relevant information based will basically reflect on the research study. Furthermore, the gathering of data in this research design may include interview questions which can be answered with the informants’ personal ideas, concept as well as focusing on academic experiences. 12 Research Environment This study was conducted at the University of Cebu Main Campus specifically, in the area of the College of Arts and Sciences- Department. The campus is located along Sanciangko Street, Cebu City, Philippines with six (6) departments and the building has seven (7) floors. The College of Arts and Sciences is one of the departments of the U.C that is located at 2nd floor of Don Manuel Gotianuy Building which has offered four (4) following courses: Bachelor of Arts Major in Psychology, Bachelor of Science in Social Work, Bachelor of Arts in English, and Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. The College of Arts and Sciences is promoting hands-on and real world learning cooperative education. Moreover, its faculty members are committed to help and guide students towards inspiration of their passions, to discover students’ path as well as their liberation of choosing the interest tracks and fields. The four (4) programs in this department aim at one thing and that is to create experiences that link the world of intellect to the world of practical and application. Just recent, the College of Arts and Ses was granted Level 3 Accreditation by the Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities Commission on Accreditation (PACUCOA) as the department took and shows off great excellency on improving the quality of education as well as nurturing growth and development of their students. Research Informants The informants of the study were the College of Arts and Sciences students from the University of Cebu-Main Campus. The researchers obtained informants through a purposive sampling method. The researchers had set qualifications in selecting informants that were part of the research study, basically determining, who were those persons who 13 used to rant on social media. There were four (4) informants in each program from AB Psychology, BS Social Work, AB Political Science and AB Literati. Thus, the significant target number needed all will be sixteen (16) respondents coming from this department. Research Instruments The researchers created an interview guide questionnaire. The interview guide questionnaires contained the main set of questions in gathering data from the informants. Researchers conducted a semi-structured type of interview that entails open-ended questions that are focused on knowing the causes of ranting in social media and its effects towards students’ emotional health. The procedure of the interview, however, was done virtually through the use of Google meet application as a medium in the research study. After researchers were done initiating the interview guide questionnaire, it was passed to the research adviser for approval. The researchers and adviser made sure that they had thoroughly checked the guide questions fitted to the research study, as well as to the research informants. Research Procedure This section had presented the process of how the data and information collected, analyzed, and transcribed in order to come up to an accurate and comprehensive result of the study. Additionally, the emphasizing of the ethical consideration was significant to provide assurance to the institution and the people involved that whatever is being disclosed was kept confidential and with utmost security. Specifically, in the procedure of gathering data until coming up with the research results. 14 Data Gathering The researcher asked permission to conduct the research study with the College of Arts and Sciences office by sending a letter addressed to the Dean of the said Department, Mr. Ulysses Aparece. Upon receiving permission from the Dean of the Department, the researcher proceeded on the selection process of the informants in the study. The selection of informants was done by using opportunistic or emerging samples which under purposive sampling. But before identifying the certified informants, researchers purposely identified students under different programs and were going to have a discreet manner of asking questions of them whether they rant on social media or not. If that student rants online, then humbly asks for their participation and has the interview right away. However, the search for informants continued until the target number of informants was attained. This is a way of knowing who those students are on social media and often venting out. The researchers introduced them and explained the nature and objectives of the study, and after identifying those target informants, the consent forms were distributed right away to the informants to obtain their agreement to participate in the interview, which is the main procedure in the said research study. The data was collected from the informants through semi-structured interviews, and the interview guide questions prepared by the researchers were open-ended questions. The interview question process was carried out using the Google Meet application, and consent was distributed via the Gmail account used for communication with participants.In the interview process, the informants were interviewed virtually right away after it was identified that they often rant on social media. The researchers screened video recordings during the virtual interview process with the informant’s consent, reassuring them that the 15 inputs gathered were used solely for research purposes. The researcher conducted a virtual interview for the purpose of making observations regarding how the informants behave according to their responses. Through virtual interviews, researchers can ask follow-up questions to clarify and to clear things out. Moreover, they were encouraged to give any additional inputs or clarifications to further validate the data. Once the interview ends, the researchers did thank the informants for participating. Data Analysis In the process of analyzing data, the method used is thematic analysis. Thematic analysis is a procedure used in the analysis of qualitative data. This process was originally created for psychological research by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clark. It is usually applied to a set of words or texts, such as interview transcripts, which closely examines the data to identify common themes—contents, topics, ideas, and patterns of meaning that come up frequently. By using this method, the researchers acquired the data by integrating all the answers from the interview and transcribed the informants’ audio/screen recordings made during the interview. Researchers, together with the research adviser, evaluated the collected data in order to grasp the information properly as well as translate it into more coherent concepts to ensure the accuracy of the data and come up with a comprehensive understanding of the findings. Ethical Consideration. Following the research ethics protocol, the researchers provided informed and voluntarily consent to the informants to sign to indicate their agreement and willingness to be part of the study. Informants will be aware of the purpose and process of the study. While answering the interview questions, informants were given enough time to answer, 16 depending on their time availability. During the interview, informants were ensured of the utmost confidentiality of their answers. Researchers asked for the informants’ approval before conducting audio and screen recording devices during the interview to make sure of an accurate transcription and informed them that information would be collected solely for research purposes only. The researchers reminded the informants of their right to withdraw if the questions made them uncomfortable. No harm would be done on the part of the informants during the conduction of the study. Trustworthiness of the Study This section presented how research was conducted in many ways using various approaches that ensure the security and safety of gathered data, provide accurate interpretation, and use high-quality methods accordingly. The trustworthiness of the research secured its credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability. Dependability of Research The data collected by the researcher was interpreted and transcribed. The responses of the informants were reviewed and analyzed for more accurate and comprehensive findings. Moreover, to guarantee a more precise and correct interpretation of the data, interview recordings and other screen recordings will be reviewed thoroughly. The researcher reassured them that the information gathered was aligned and based on the respondents’ details and statements. Transferability of Research This research can be used by other researchers as a source of information to support their research studies. The findings of this study can be applied to other situations and 17 provide recommendations to solve emerging problems, such as those related to ranting issues on social media. Informants will be purposefully selected by the researchers who can best inform the research questions and enhance understanding of the study. Through it, this research is considered to be significant not just in one aspect of circumstances but in all parts of the field. Confirmability of Research The findings of this study are the results of the causes of ranting on social media and its effect on students’ emotional well-being rather than the characteristics and preferences of the researchers. The research finding will be based on the gathered information from the informants and the conclusion will stick to what is being collected, not the researcher’s point of view or their own biases. 18 DEFINITION OF TERMS This section explained some of the terms of the research paper that might be difficult to understand. The terms were intentionally defined for better comprehension of the research study. The following terms will help readers to internalize how specific terms are used in the study and grasp important key points regarding the content of the research. Here are the following key terms that will help you out understanding the research content: Causes of Ranting - These are the reasons or grounds of the user lies behind ranting on social media. Effects of Ranting - These are the results or consequences of the user after ranting on social media. It may be a positive or negative result. Social Media Ranting - It is a platform for users to transfer their repressed feelings or an impassioned expression of feelings of the students towards social media which includes the feeling of anger, sadness, and frustration that is emanated from psychological, personal and other social issues and problems. CHAPTER 2 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA This chapter presented the findings from informant interviews and questionnaires, as well as data analysis utilizing Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis, in order to provide a more complete picture of the research study. Presentation of Data This qualitative study was based on an in-depth examination of the transcribed responses. (Please refer to Appendix E for the Transcription Verification Form) for each primary informant's transcribed responses by thoroughly reviewing the transcripts to ascertain the general sense of their topic coverage. From the transcripts of the interviews and questionnaires, the significant statement was extracted, documented, and encoded using Microsoft Word. For efficient tracing, noteworthy utterances were appropriately encoded with their assigned answer number and informant number. There were 96 major statements (please include Appendix F for the Coded Significant Statements) that represented College of Liberal Arts students' causes of ranting on social media and the effects on their mental well-being. The researcher developed meanings for all 96 key statements obtained from the transcripts. There were 96 coded formulated meanings that explained the informant's causes for ranting on social media and its effect on their emotions (Please refer to Appendix F-1 for the Formulation of Core Meanings). 21 The formulated basic meanings that shared common conceptual and structural patterns were grouped together. Cluster themes were assigned to these frequently recurring sets of formulated meanings (Please refer to Appendix F-2 for the Development of Cluster Themes). Twenty-four cluster themes were developed. After then, the cluster themes were enhanced and rearranged into sub-themes, leading in the aggregation of two or more cluster themes. The fusion of cluster themes resulted in the formation of 11 sub-themes. Finally, the 11 sub-themes were grouped to establish the emergent themes (Please refer to Appendix F-3 for the Development of Emergent Themes). There were ten (6) emergent themes that represented the study's three (2) sub-problems' key issues. After a lengthy and time-consuming process of core meaning construction utilizing Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis, twenty-four (24) cluster themes were developed and rearranged into eleven (11) sub-themes, which were further subdivided into six (10) major emergent themes. The emerging topics were classified into three (2) major categories that give context for the study's sub-problems. The following are the major themes, together with their emergent counterparts: I. Causes of Informants to Rant on Social media 1.Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns. 2.Relay Feelings and Connect with Others. 3.Expressing Emotions and Feelings 4.Coping Mechanism that Provides Relief. 5.Avoiding Direct Judgement 22 II. Effects of Ranting to Informants Emotional Well-being 1. Remove Unwanted Emotions. 2. Provide the Feeling of Social Support 3. Gain Sense of Sympathy 4. Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs Themes describe the study's answers to the study's questions. Each of the two (2) major themes and any sub-themes that may have emerged are addressed in this section. 1. Causes of Informants h the main themes described the reasons of venting out online, the urge to address feelings and emotions, viewing social media as a comfort place, and the desire to express emotions without being criticized. The descriptions also determined the informants’ experiences and the underlying factors that caused them to rant on social media. 1. The following are the five (5) themes developed to describe the response of the study’s key informants to Rant on Social media The themes constructed witto the sub-problem number 1: 1. Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns. The theme described the causes of informant rants on social media. 23 Informant 9 was asked about his causes of ranting. He answered: Why I rant on social media is because of academics because there are a lot of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger. IDI 9-2 SS50) (Why I rant on social media is because of academics because there are a lot of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger.) Informant 12 said: Causes include as well my personal life aside from what I have mentioned about politics and academic concerns. (IDI 12-2 SS68) (Causes include as well my personal life aside from what I have mentioned about politics and academic concerns.) Informant 14 added: The causes, because of what I’ve been through like ahm, stress at school, stress at work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like ahh… what I’ve been through like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ing-ana dayon” so yeah, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting. (IDI 14-2 SS80) (The causes, because of what I’ve been through like stress at school, stress at work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like what I’ve been through, like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I 24 feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ing-ana dayon” so, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting.) According to these responses, researchers found out that because of the issues ranters have encountered, it results in their ranting on social media. 2.Relay Feelings and Connect with Others. The theme described how ranters wanted to express themselves and connect with others. During the second one-on-one interview informant 1, stated that ranting could relate to others, she answered: Ahmm, aside from what I have said earlier that many people would relate, it is also possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it. (IDI 1-2 SS2) (aside from what I have said earlier that many people would relate, it is also possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it.) Informant 4 added: I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants. (IDI 4-3 SS21) (I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants.) The informant responses stated that ranting usually happen whenever they experience struggle in connecting with others. 1. Expressing Emotions and Feelings. The theme described how informants utilize social media platforms to express their frustrations. 25 Informant 5, asked why he rant on social media and he said: Most of my rants, especially on social media are not really intended to point out names. So, Ahhhhh I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, hmmm because actually when I rant I just want to let things out. ( IDI 2-3 SS9) (Most of my rants, especially on social media are not really intended to point out names. So, I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, because actually when I rant I just want to let things out.) 3. A Coping Mechanism that Provides Relief. The theme described the informant's rants on social media to cope with their problems and to feel relieved. Informant 9, asked what the urge was for them to rant online, and he answered: Uhm.. sometimes being a social work, socialization should be required especially doing an activity which there is really socialization involved. However, it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen, I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesirable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved. (IDI 9-6 SS54) (Sometimes being a social work, socialization should be required especially doing an activity which there is really socialization involved. However, it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem 26 after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved.) Informant 14 added: Facebook, since I’m not that active on twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve mention since I cannot do it in real life like, I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress. (IDI 14-3 SS81) (Facebook, since I’m not that active on twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve mention since I cannot do it in real life like, I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress.) With the informant responses, researchers believed that ranting on social media could be a coping mechanism and stress reliever. 4. Avoiding Direct Judgement. The theme described that informants rant on social media to avoid being exposed and criticized personally though experiencing emotional struggles. Informant 3 asked, what makes her decide to rant online. She answered: I think it is because, hmmm. When someone portraying it in real life people really bashes you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself by using other identification. (IDI 3-3 SS15) (I think it is because, when someone portraying it in real life people really bashes you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself by using other identification.) 27 Informant 6 replied: Mine would be, on twitter I decide to rant on twitter it’s because there is no judgmental person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook. (IDI 6-3 SS33) (Mine would be, on twitter I decide to rant on twitter it’s because there is no judgmental person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook) Informant 8 added: Mostly uhm, like your thoughts, thoughts or your experiences you like to express, you will vent out there like venting out because no one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. (IDI 8-2 SS44) (Mostly like your thoughts, thoughts or your experiences you like to express, you will vent out there like venting out because no one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems.) The theme depicts the informants' responses to preventing themselves from being bashed by their ranting behavior. II. Effects of Ranting to Informants Emotional Well-being This overall theme has four (4) emergent themes that describes the effects of and the advantages and disadvantages of ranting on social media toward emotional well-being. 1. Remove Unwanted Emotions. The theme described the positive and negative effects of ranting toward the emotional condition of the informant/s. 28 During the one-on-one interview informant 4, acknowledge the pros and cons effects of ranting on emotional-well-being. When questioned, she answered. Ahhmm, It could actually affect my emotion, anger will be never be absent. Hmmmmm, But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social media because maybe someone will be affected. (IDI 4-5 SS23) (It could actually affect my emotion, anger will be never be absent. But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social media because maybe someone will be affected. In addition, informant 7 stated during the one-on-one interview that: After ranting sometimes, I feel angry, like after. Later on I feel relieved or somehow I able to released my anger through ranting. Because I able to express what I want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect it’s because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel. (IDI 7-4 SS 40) (So, after ranting, somehow I feel like I’m relieved or somehow I can say that I had shared my opinion, I feel like I was able to help at least by sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening.) Informant 11 added: For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied. (IDI 11-6 SS66) (For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied.) The responses of the informants stated that ranting on social media would elicit positive and negative effect to one’s emotion. 2. Provide the Feeling of Social Support. The theme described that ranting give off companionship and assistance that would relief the undesirable feeling. 29 During the one-on-one interview informant 1, admit that ranting on social media feels having someone to talk with. When questioned, she answered: It lightens myself, I am not aiming to release my anger, at least there is someone who is willing to listen to me. (IDI 1-6 SS6) (It lightens my self, I am not aiming to release my anger, at least there is someone who is willing to listen to me.) Informant 4 replied: Of course after you rant you will feel relax and overwhelm because of those people who will agree with you. (IDI 4-4 SS22) (Of course after you rant you will feel relax and overwhelm because of those people who will agree with you) Informant 5 added: It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings. (IDI 5-6 SS30) (It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings.) 2. Gain Sense of Sympathy. The theme described how the informant receive sympathy towards other people who could read the rants. During the one-on-one interview informant 4, acknowledge that whenever he rants on social media he could feel being sympathize and understood. When questioned, he answered. Ahhhmmmm, I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. Hmmm I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants (IDI 4-3 SS21) 30 (I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants.) Informant 1 also explain his feeling being sympathize and said: Hhmmmm Many of my friends would give sympathy, ranting on social media makes lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants. (IDI 1-3 SS3) (Many of my friends would give sympathy, ranting on social media makes lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants.) 4. Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs. The theme described how the informants’ emotions affected with regards to social media ranting feedback. During the one-on-one interview with informant 6, acknowledge that comments/feedback may lead to an argument and the feedback was negative, then it impacted her emotions negatively. Ahh, it depends on facebook after I rant on facebook there is a tendency that I have an enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because i feel lonely and I feel like I’m alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. (IDI 6-5 SS35) (It depends on facebook after I rant on facebook there is a tendency that I have an enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because I feel lonely and I feel like I’m alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. 31 Furthermore, informant 10 stated that the emotion is determined by the reaction of the rant's readers or viewers. Uhmm When I rant, I would feel relieved and it lessens the negative feeling but the negative feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. (IDI 10-5 SS59) (When I rant, I would feel relieved and it lessens the negative feeling but the negative feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media.) 32 Analysis of Data Qualitative research, according to Pritha Bhandari 2020, entails gathering and analyzing non-numerical data in order to better understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be used to gain an in-depth understanding of a problem or to generate new research ideas. Qualitative research is used to learn about people's perspectives on the world and gain comprehensive view of a certain issues. This study takes a phenomenological approach, which aids in understanding the meaning of the informants' life experiences. It also concentrates on data analysis at a thematic level. Thematic analysis is a systematic process for identifying, organizing, and providing insight into patterns of meaning (themes) in a dataset, as defined by Braun, V. et al. (2012). Thematic analysis allows the researcher to see and understand collective or expressed interpretations and experiences by focusing on meaning across a dataset. The qualitatively significant data collected from informants' responses was extracted and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis (2006). The data was gathered, coded, divided, clustered, classified, and summarized in such a way that the data set's central concepts were captured. The process involved extracting 96 significant statements and 96 formulated meanings from the transcribed responses of the informants. The solution then entails categorizing formulated meanings into 24 cluster themes, each of which is further divided into 11 sub-themes. Sub-themes were then classified and organized into nine major or emergent themes. 33 Themes were created to speak directly about Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Well-being. This study aims to explore the causes of ranting in social media and its effect to the emotional well-being and is anchored on Cognitive Neo-association theory that was proposed by American Psychologist Leonard Berkowitz. The primary theory used in this study is Leonard Berkowitz's Cognitive Neoassociation theory. According to the theory, certain experiences, or affects, can contribute to the development of aggressive feelings or behavior, while aversive events can have a detrimental effect (Berkowitz 1993). According to this theory, ranting or venting can increase a person's anger, hostility, and aggressive behaviors, and venting is essentially an act of practicing aggressive behavior. Feelings of anger and venting them through an innate object such as punching things around, swearing into walls, slamming couches, and throwing glasses will actually alter the person's emotional state. Additionally, the theory asserted that venting more likely activates the memory for aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behavioral tendencies, particularly when a person considers the source of their anger while venting. The Catharsis Theory was also used to support this study. This is a well-known theory that states that venting one's anger results in a positive change in one's psychological state. Graham, G. (2008) While expressing anger may be beneficial to mental health, it is common for people to feel relaxed immediately following an outburst. According to this theory, observing anger is an effective way to purge one's 34 anger and aggression. One method of releasing negative emotions is through social media ranting. The participants play a critical role on knowing the causes of ranting on social media and its effects on emotional well-being. Theorist made an interesting suggestion regarding on methodologies to use on this study about the social media ranting. Furthermore, we were obliged to help the informants on making the right decision about ranting on social media, but not everyone would listen due to the fact that we have a freedom of speech and social media world is a free world. Other theories and related studies were also cited to support the findings of this study. Shown are the emergent themes derived from the responses of the informants based on the sub-problems of the study. 1. Causes of Informants to Rant on Social media There are five (5) emergent themes formulated that describes on the causes of informants to rant, the factors of the rants, and the platforms where the informant rants. 1.Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns. The theme described some other problems that dwell person to rant on social media The theme was supported by McNaughton-Cassill (2013), according to her a lot of people rant on social media due to different factors and study suggesting that most people rant online are more likely to have anger issues in their personal life. She added 35 as well that going through over and over again of being mad does not reduce the anger emotion and even solving the problem. As per informant, ranting on social results from various problems and circumstances. 2.Relay Feelings and Connect with Others. The theme described how ranters wanted to show their feelings and gain connections towards other people. The theme was supported by (Averill, 1983; Blair, 2012), stated that Anger is defined as an emotion “characterized by antagonism toward someone or something you feel has deliberately done you wrong” Researchers may accurately state that informant rants on social media in order to let someone who done wrong to you read the rants. 3.Expressing Emotions and Feelings. The theme described how informants utilize social media platforms to express their frustrations. The theme was backed up by Bushman (2002). Venting emotional issues is not always as beneficial as we may believe. However, in line with the expression of emotions online, it does not always have a positive impact. In fact, contemplating the likelihood that it will provoke one's own sentiments or emotions can reduce aggressiveness. Researchers may accurately state that, informant rant on social media to express their frustrations. 36 4.Coping Mechanism that Provides Relief. The theme described the informant rants on social media to cope with their problems and to feel relieve. The theme was supported by Graham (2008) expressing anger could have beneficial effect on mental health, it is common for people to feel relaxed immediately after venting According on this theory, viewing anger is an effective way to purge angry and aggressive feelings. Researchers may accurately state that, informants rant on social media to cope with anger and feel relieve. 5.Avoiding Direct Judgement. The theme described that informants rant on social media to avoid being exposed and criticized personally though experiencing emotional struggles. The theme was supported by Healthline Team (2017). “people feel freer to sound offline” saying that ranting without an audience looking is much comfortable to unload as people are hidden behind the screen yet still never good thing to do online. The theme depicts the informants' responses to preventing themselves from being bashed by their ranting behavior. 37 II. Effects of Ranting to Informants Emotional Well-being This overall theme has four (4) emergent themes that describes the effects of and the advantages and disadvantages of ranting on social media toward emotional well-being. 1.Diminish and Evokes Unwanted Emotions. The theme described the positive and negative effects of ranting toward the emotional condition of the informant/s. The theme was supported by (American Psychiatric Association, APA). refers venting emotions, specifically anger, that helps reducing angry feelings and consequently aggressive behavior. On the opposite, (Bushman, 2002). State that some studies showed that venting anger emotion might be not effective and could even enlarge aggression and hostility The responses of the informants stated that ranting on social media would elicit positive and negative effect to one’s emotion. 2. Provide the Feeling of Social Support. The theme described that ranting give off companionship and assistance that would relief the undesirable feeling. 3.Gain Sense of Sympathy. The theme described how the informant receive sympathy towards other people who could read the rants. The theme supported by a study titled Anger on the Internet: The Perceived Value of Rant-Sites, published in (2013), found that not only does a reader’s mood decline after reading a social media rant, but the writer’s anger only flares as well after putting up their post. 38 Researchers may accurately state that, informant rants on social media to gain sympathy toward the readers. 4.Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs. The theme described how the informants’ emotions affected with regards to social media ranting feedback. CHAPTER 3 SUMMARY, FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS This section of the study summarizes the study's findings, conclusions, and implications. Summary This study explored the causes of ranting in social media and its effect on the emotional well-being of the College of Arts and Sciences students in the University of Cebu-Main Campus, A.Y. 2020-2021. Specifically, it sought to find answers to the following questions: 1.What causes the informants to rant on social media? 2.How does ranting affect the informants’ emotional well-being? This qualitative study used a qualitative phenomenological research methodology and examined the causes and effects of social media ranting on the emotional state of University of Cebu - Main Campus CAS students recruited using a purposive sampling technique. The study's informants were sixteen (16) students from the College of Arts and Sciences. All of the informants were subjected to an in-depth virtual interview by the researchers. The data was gathered using a semi-structured interview guide. To extract the emergent themes, the data were transcribed, recorded, coded, clustered, and categorized using Braun and Clarke's (2006) thematic analysis. 40 Findings The responses of the informants established nine (9) emergent themes, which were categorized classified into two (2) major categories that give context for the study's subproblems. The primary informants' significant statements were used to extract the emergent themes. 1. For the informants’ involvement on social media ranting, with major theme Causes Of Informants To Rant On Social Media has five (5) emergent themes that were categorized as: Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns, Relay Feelings and Connect with Others, Expressing Emotions and Feelings, A Coping Mechanism that Provides Relief and Avoiding Direct Judgment. 2. For the impact of the informants on social media ranting, the major theme Effect of Ranting To Informant’s Emotional Well-Being has four (4) emergent themes that were categorized as: Diminish and Evokes Unwanted Emotions, Provide the Feeling of Social Support, Gain Sense of Sympathy, Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs. Conclusions This research discovered a comprehensive qualitative report on the causes of ranting on social media and the emotional responses it can provoke. Other factors that cause a person to rant online include societal concerns, political issues, academic struggles, and family concerns, all of which cause stress, frustration, and depression. Furthermore, a person realizes that ranting online is a better way to vent because it gives them comfort and 41 lightens their feelings from an unpleasant mood. However, ranting online has a negative side, and it has been found that ranting behavior at some point provokes their feelings and causes them to become more worried. The emotional states of people are affected both positively and adversely by social media rants. As a result of the study, it was shown that ranting is not harmful, but it should be done in moderation. According to informants, ranting initially brings relaxation and calmness, but afterwards it gives way to the opposite feelings. Overall, it can be stated that in order to better grasp what a person is going through emotionally, it is vital to first identify the cause of the emotion that made them rant online. Implications Implications for Future Research Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations, suggestions, and proposed interventions are provided as solutions to the concerns and issues addressed in this study. Minimize Usage of Social media. To avoid negative emotional feedback, ranters should limit their use of social media when ranting. As a result, ranters who spend less time on social media can help them maintain a positive attitude on the utilized platform. Ranting As a Coping Strategy. The majority of ranters are unaware of how ranting can be used as a coping mechanism. Though ranting may temporarily make the ranters feel lighter. However, with the right and proper way and alternative on how the ranting should be dealt with, the ranter will feel better in the long run. Understanding the benefits of 42 ranting as a way of coping will provide ranters an avenue to properly vent out their emotions. Awareness On Ranting and Its Effects. Venting out on social media can have positive effect on the ranter’s emotion however it elicits negative effects as well. Providing and informing them that ranting can have positive impact when used correctly Unloading Emotions in A Proper Manner. Expressing one’s feeling and emotions can be difficult if they don’t have someone to talk to. Learning how to express emotions correctly would be easier if done correctly, especially when ranting on social media. The proper expression of one's emotions can make them feel better and influence others on how to properly unload emotions. Ranting as a Means of Validating One’s Feelings and Emotions. Ranters may have believed that ranting would help them feel better because of the sympathy they received from the audience. Obtaining validations from others would satisfy the ranter and justify their rants. Implications for further research The researcher recommends the following research topics for future study: Anger on the internet: Impact to Viewers Social media – An Arena for Venting Negative Emotions 43 REFERENCE Bar-Tal, D., Halperin, E., & De Rivera, J. (2007). Collective emotions in conflict situations: Societal implications. Journal of Social Issues, 63(2), 441-460. Blair (2012). 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Computers in Human Behavior, 52, 271–277. Yen, Y.-S. (2016), "Factors enhancing the posting of negative behavior in social media and its impact on venting negative emotions", Management Decision, Vol. 54 No. 10, pp. 2462-2484. 46 Appendix A TRANSMITTAL LETTER September 10, 2021 DR. ULYSSES B. APARECE Dean, College of Arts and Sciences University of Cebu Dear Dr. Aparece: Greetings! The undersigned researchers are undertaking a research entitled “SOCIAL MEDIA RANTING: ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS TO EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING” as a partial requirement of the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Psychology. In particular, this study aims to propose an intervention or action plan as warranted by the findings. We respectfully request from your office to allow us to conduct or administer the questionnaire to all CAS students of University of Cebu- Main Campus. We assure you that the identity of the informants will be treated with outmost confidentiality. We are hoping for your kind approval. BONGCALES, PEARL JANE Lead Researcher MR. LLOYD VINCENT O. SASIL Adviser MR. RULTHAN SUMICAD Program Research Coordinator of the College DR. ULYSSES B. APARECE Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 47 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU VALIDATION SHEET FOR INTERVIEW GUIDE Name of Researcher: Pearl Jane Bongcales Degree Enrolled: AB Psychology Title of Research: Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Well-being Name of Evaluator: Mrs. Grace P. Pagobo Date Evaluated: September 19, 2021 Signature of Evaluator RATING: Number of YES marks ( ) 10 ( ) 8-9 Very Good Good ( ) 6-7 ( ) 0-5 Fair For Revalidation To the Evaluator: Kindly check the column which fits your evaluation of the item ITEM S YES Ethics: 1. Introduction (purpose, confidentiality, duration, way of conduct) and closing components (for additional comments) are provided 2. Informed Consent is included Artistry: 3. Script is included/built in, so interviewer can introduce, guide and conclude the interview in a consistent manner 4. Questions are appropriate to the study, enhancing the possibility of storytelling and narratives Rigor: 5. Questions are open-ended to encourage in-depth responses: avoiding close-ended questions which are answerable by yes or no 6. Questions are stated in the affirmative 7. Probe questions are provided 8. Questions are logically ordered asking the highest priority questions first. Opinion questions follow information questions 9. Questions are stated in clear and simple terms 10. Number of questions can be covered within 60 to 90 minutes. Not exceeding 15 open-ended items (probes excluded), for every research question, except for special cases REMARKS: ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ NO 48 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU VALIDATION FOR INTERVIEW GUIDE Name of Researcher: Pearl Jane Bongcales Degree Enrolled: AB Psychology Title of Research: Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Wellbeing Name of Evaluator: Mr. Lloyd Vincent O. Sasil Date Evaluated: September 19, 2021 Signature of Evaluator RATING: Number of YES marks ( ) 10 ( ) 8-9 Very Good Good ( ) 6-7 ( ) 0-5 Fair For Revalidation To the Evaluator: Kindly check the column which fits your evaluation of the item ITEM S Ethics: 1. Introduction (purpose, confidentiality, duration, way of conduct) and closing components (for additional comments) are provided 2. Informed Consent is included Artistry: 3. Script is included/built in, so interviewer can introduce, guide and conclude the interview in a consistent manner 4. Questions are appropriate to the study, enhancing the possibility of storytelling and narratives Rigor: 5. Questions are open-ended to encourage in-depth responses: avoiding close-ended questions which are answerable by yes or no 6. Questions are stated in the affirmative 7. Probe questions are provided 8. Questions are logically ordered asking the highest priority questions first. Opinion questions follow information questions 9. Questions are stated in clear and simple terms 10. Number of questions can be covered within 60 to 90 minutes. Not exceeding 15 open-ended items (probes excluded), for every research question, except for special cases REMARKS: YES NO 49 UNIVERSITY OF CEBU VALIDATION SHEET FOR INTERVIEW GUIDE Name of Researcher: Pearl Jane Bongcales Degree Enrolled: AB Psychology Title of Research: Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Wellbeing Name of Evaluator: Mr. Michael Lim Date Evaluated: September 19, 2021 Signature of Evaluator RATING: Number of YES marks ( ) 10 ( ) 8-9 Very Good Good ( ) 6-7 ( ) 0-5 Fair For Revalidation To the Evaluator: Kindly check the column which fits your evaluation of the item ITEM S Ethics: 1. Introduction (purpose, confidentiality, duration, way of conduct) and closing components (for additional comments) are provided 2. Informed Consent is included Artistry: 3. Script is included/built in, so interviewer can introduce, guide and conclude the interview in a consistent manner 4. Questions are appropriate to the study, enhancing the possibility of storytelling and narratives Rigor: 5. Questions are open-ended to encourage in-depth responses: avoiding close-ended questions which are answerable by yes or no 6. Questions are stated in the affirmative 7. Probe questions are provided 8. Questions are logically ordered asking the highest priority questions first. Opinion questions follow information questions 9. Questions are stated in clear and simple terms 10. Number of questions can be covered within 60 to 90 minutes. Not exceeding 15 open-ended items (probes excluded), for every research question, except for special cases REMARKS: YES NO 50 INFORMED CONSENT [Informed Consent for Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Wellbeing] [Name of Principal Investigator: Pearl Jane Bongcales [Name of Organization: University of Cebu-Main] [Name of Proposal: Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Wellbeing] This Informed Consent Form has two parts: ● Information Sheet (to share information about the research with you) ● Certificate of Consent (for signatures if you agree to take part) You will be given a copy of the full Informed Consent Form PART I: Information Sheet Introduction We, April Diane Birondo, Carl Vincent Caballero, Pearl Jane Bongcales, and Joann Fe Cabuga 4th year AB Psychology students are humbly asking you to participate in our research study entitled: “Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effect to Emotional Wellbeing”. In line with this, we are inviting you to be a participant of this investigation and request you to spare a few minutes of your time for an individual discussion/interview at your convenient time and place. However, you do not have to decide immediately whether you will participate in this investigation since you are allowed to ask permission from school authorities/parents/guardians or consult anyone in which you are comfortable with the research. If there are contents in the interview guide that you do not understand and find it ambiguous then feel free to contact and inform the researcher. Rest assured that all the answers/responses that you will provide will be treated with utmost confidentiality. 51 Purpose of the research Social media ranting online is rampant among all other social media users, such as students which is the primary subject of this study. Thus, this study aims to investigate the causes of social media ranting and its effects on emotional well-being. Type of Research Intervention This research involves an individual discussion/interview using online platforms such as but not limited to Zoom, Google meet, Videocall, etc. Participant selection We are inviting College of Arts and Sciences students to be part of the study. Voluntary Participation Your participation in this research is entirely voluntary. Your decision to participate will be acknowledged and will be respected. Procedures and Protocol In this investigation you will be invited to an individual online discussion/interview and you will be asked prepared interview guide questions provided by the researchers during your free and convenient time. In the online interview guide questions, the items will be read clearly and loud by the interviewer and you can give the answer on those items that you like to answer. English and vernacular responses are accepted. Furthermore, there will be follow-up questions to be asked if necessary. If you wish not to answer some of the questions, you can tell the interviewer to skip them and to move on to the next question. The information recorded is confidential and no one else except the field interviewers and researchers will have access to the copy of the transcript and audio recording, which will be destroyed after 6 months. To ensure that you will be able to have a full understanding of the purpose of the study, the proponent will first explain the objectives of the study and the intended benefits in participating in this investigation. Duration The duration of the research is three (5) months. During the data collection phase, the field interviewers will request an appointment with you for an individual 52 discussion/interview at your convenient time and place. The interview will last for 40minutes to one (1) hour. Your engagement as a participant will only take place once. Risks During the individual discussion/interview the field interviewers will ask you about your social media ranting experiences pertaining the causes of ranting on social media and the effect it will give to your emotional health. You will not be forced nor required to answer all questions that will be asked. If you do not like to answer some of the items because you are not comfortable with them your decision will be respected and you do not have to give reasons for not responding, or for refusing to take part in the individual discussion/interview. Furthermore, be assured that the responses that you will provide will not be shared. Benefits There will be no immediate and direct benefits to you as a student. However, the result of this research study will lead to understanding the causes that a person rant on social media and the effects it could have to an individual's emotional well-being. Thus knowing it all could bring to an action plan in addressing and giving everyone's positive engagement in using social media. Reimbursements You will not be provided with any payment or monetary remuneration if you will take part in this research. Confidentiality All the data and responses that you will provide in this investigation will not be shared to other people and will be kept confidential. Your information and other information collected from this research will be put away and no one, except the field interviewers and the researchers will be able to have access to it. Any information about you will have a number/code on it instead of your name. Only the field interviewers/researchers will know your number/code. All the documents related to this investigation will be placed in the cabinet with a lock and key and will not be shared with or be given to anyone except the research proponents. Sharing the Results At the end of the study, the research results will be shared to the members of the group, and to the research adviser. 53 A written report will also be submitted to our research instructor/subject teacher in Psych 411- Research 2 as a final requirement of the completion of our degree in Bachelor of Arts in Psychology in academic year 2021-2022. Moreover, these results will be presented in a research conference and will be published so that other interested people may learn from this research. Where it is relevant, you may also share the results and a copy of the report will be provided by the researcher. If you have a plan to do so, please include the timeline and reason for sharing the information, including the details. Right to Refuse or Withdraw You may choose not to participate in this study. Your decision to participate will be respected. Your decision to withdraw from participating will not affect you, or any other involvement in your studies and in your school management. It is also of primordial importance that you must know that you may stop from participating in an individual discussion/interview at any time. Who to Contact If you have any questions, you can ask them now. You can also ask questions even after the study has started. If you wish to ask questions later, you may contact any of the following: Pearl Jane Bongcales - 09162491027 Dr. Renato Sagayno- 09212297427 UC Research Ethics Committee thru Dr. Juanito N. Zuasula- 233-5503 This research project has been reviewed and scrutinized by the technical panel of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) as part of the process in the Discovery- Applied Research and Extension for Trans/ Inter- Disciplinary Opportunities (DARE TO) Grantin- Aid. If you have any questions, please contact the University of Cebu at 032-255-7777. 54 PART II: Certificate of Consent I have read the foregoing information, or it has been read to me. I have had the opportunity to ask questions about it and any questions that I have asked have been answered to my satisfaction. I consent voluntarily to participate in this research. Print Name of Participant__________________ Signature of Participant ___________________ Date ___________________________ Day/Month/Year If Illiterate A literate witness must sign (if possible, this person should be selected by the participant and should have no connection to the research team). Participants who are illiterate should include their thumb-print as well. I have witnessed the accurate reading of the consent form to the potential participant, and the individual has had the opportunity to ask questions. I confirm that the individual has given consent freely. Print Name of Witness______________ AND Thumb Print of the Participant Signature of Witness ______________________ Date ________________________ Day/Month/Year Statement by the researcher/person taking consent I have accurately read out the information sheet to the potential participant, and to the best of my ability made sure that the participant understands that the following will be done: 1. individual discussion/interview 2. record the proceeding of the interview 3. manually record other responses/ answers during the interview I confirm that the participant was given an opportunity to ask questions about the study, and all the questions asked by the participant have been answered correctly and to the best of my ability. I confirm that the individual has not been coerced into giving consent, and the consent has been given freely and voluntarily. A copy of this ICF has been provided to the participant. 55 Print Name of Researcher/Person Taking the Consent_______________________ Signature of Researcher /Person Taking the Consent__________________________ Date ___________________________ Day/Month/Year 56 Appendix B INTERVIEW GUIDE AND VALIDATION OF INTERVIEW GUIDE INTERVIEW GUIDE ON “SOCIAL MEDIA RANTING: ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS TO EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING” I am____________ from University of Cebu, Undergraduate School. This research pertains to the Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Well-being. I am going to give you information and invite you to be part of this research. You do not have to decide whether or not you will participate in this research. Before you decide, you can talk to anyone whom you feel comfortable with about this research. If there are contents in the interview guide that you do not understand along in the interview process and find it ambiguous then feel free to ask me. Rest assured that all your answers/responses that you will provide will be treated with utmost confidentiality. 1. What causes the informants rant on social media? 1.1 What are your experiences ranting on social media? ____________________________________________________________________ 1.2 What are the causes why you rant on social media? ____________________________________________________________________ 1.3 What makes you decide to rant it over on social media? ___________________________________________________________________ 2. How does ranting affect the informants’ emotional well-being? 2.1 How did you feel after ranting on social media? ____________________________________________________________________ 2.2 How can ranting on social media affect your emotion? ______________________________________________________________________ 2.3 What are the effects of ranting in social media to your emotional condition? _____________________________________________________________________ 57 Appendix C Research Local 58 Appendix D GANTT CHART “SOCIAL MEDIA RANTING: ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS TO EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING” TIME FRAME June, 2021 (3rd ACTIVITIES Finalizing Research Title Week) June, 2021 (4thweek) Working for Chapter 1 June, 2021 (5th week) Checking Chapter 1 by Adviser for Correction July, 2021 (2nd week) Finalizing the Chapter 1 July, 2021 (3rd week) Finalizing the cover page and introductory pages. August, 2021 (4thweek) Preparing for Proposal Hearing. August, 2021 (4thweek) Undergoing Proposal Hearing then Revising the Paper in Accordance of Suggestions of the Panelists. 59 October, 2021 (3rd Submission of Letter to the Respondent for approval. week) October, 2021 (3rd Starting the Data Gathering of the Respondent week) November, 2021 (1st Working for Chapter 2 week) November, 2021 (2nd Checking Chapter 2 for Adviser for Correction week) November, 2021 (3rd Finalizing Chapter 2 week) November, 2021 (3rd Working for Chapter 3 week) November, 2021(4th Assigning the parts of Chapter 3 week)) December, 2021 (1st week) Checking Chapter 3 by Adviser for Correction 60 December, 2021 (1st Finalizing the Chapter 3 & Making of Power point week) Presentation December, 2021 (1st Preparing for Dry Run & Finalizing the Power point week) Presentation for Oral Defense 61 APPENDIX E VERIFICATION FORM OF TRANSCRIPTION OF IN-DEPTH INTERVIEWS (FOR STUDENTS) Informant : IDI - 1 Session Number : 1 Date : October 19, 2021 Time Started : 3:00 PM Time Ended : 3:10 PM Duration : 10 minutes Location : Zoom Interviewed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Transcribed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE NUMBER RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE 62 1 Through, usually most common social media IDI 1-1 platform nowadays, like twitter or facebook. I always rant through these social media platform aside from, it’s a form of stress reliever, it is also break from academic stress, Also many people would relate and be able to read my rants. 2 Ahmm, aside from what I have said earlier that IDI 1-2 many people would relate, it is also possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it, 3 Many of my friends would give sympathy, ranting IDI 1-3 on social media makes lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants. 4 Ranting it out in social media would give myself a relief, It also be a break from my academic stress. It is a stress reliever for me. IDI 1-4 63 5 It’s not really could give off my anger but it could IDI 1-5 somehow lighten my mood. 6 It lightens myself, I am not aiming to release my anger, at least there is someone who is willing to listen to me. IDI 1-6 64 Informant : IDI - 2 Session Number : Date 2 : Time Started October 20, 2021 : 9:40 AM Time Ended : 9:50 AM Duration : 10 minutes Location : Zoom Interviewed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Transcribed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/DATA TEXT CODE Basically, my experiences, ahhhh, I don’t have IDI 2-1 NUMBER 1 really a preference on what rant, unlike rant on political views. It is really on a certain topic with a certain person. I’m not really limited to one certain 65 issue. So, I basically rant basing on how the person is, ahhhhh.. showing his/her attitude towards me. 2 Basically, annoying people, that’s really my trigger IDI 2-2 point, specially when they use social media as well to annoy me. So, I really just use the social media but I also ahhh.. so yes that’s really the main cause, the annoying people. 3 Most of my rants, specially on social media are not IDI 2-3 really intended to point out names. So, I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, because actually when I rant I just want to let things out. 4 ometimes I would laugh at it, I feel like.. I feel IDI 2-4 relieved actually you know, t olet thing out but not to hurt someone, so it’s just a self-satisfactory. 5 Ahhhhh, In my daily, In my overall emotion a day it doesn’t have a really big impact, because I do rant on social media but it is not really die hard ranting you know, like ahhhh, getting into an argument it’s IDI 2-5 66 just a way of letting off, I’m just gonna feel like some sort of happiness for a moment but it doesn’t really affect my mood for the day. 6 Well, ahhh I’m really a jolly person, I’m not really into like taking things like ahhhh, like taking problems too seriously just to, because I try to avoid stress . IDI 2-6 67 Informant : IDI - 3 Session Number : Date 3 : November 03, 2021 Time Started : Time Ended 4:15 PM : 4:25 PM Duration : Location : 10 minutes Zoom Interviewed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Transcribed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/DATA TEXT CODE .Ahhhhmmm, I often o ranting, especially in twitter. IDI 3-1 NUMBER 1 Sometimes I encounter bashes from other people, when they don’t accept my opinions. That is why they bash my rants. 68 2 I think due to stress, then you will just project yourself IDI 3-2 with other things, because you can not express it in real life and you will just portray your social media self. 3 I think it is because, hmmm. When someone IDI 3-3 portraying it in real life people really bashes you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself by using other identification. 4 Sometimes relief, sometimes it makes you more stress. IDI 3-4 But mostly it can relief the burdens you are having. 5 It makes enraged, actually it is not healthy but social IDI 3-5 media is my escape but overall it makes me enraged. 6 Like I said enraged, instead of confronting my emotion and to find solution of my whatsoever my problem is, I chose ranting even though it not healthy and it is exposed on social media. It is not good for me but it becomes a habit. Even no ones pays attention, at IDI 3-6 69 least I express my emotions and that affects me for now with enraged but sometimes it gives me calmness. 70 Informant : Session Number : Date 4 : Time Started Time Ended IDI - 4 : November 04, 2021 2:02 PM : 2:12 PM Duration : 10 minutes Location : Zoom Interviewed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Transcribed by : Carl Vincent A. Caballero Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE RESPONSE/DATA TEXT CODE Actually, I have a lot of experiences on ranting, for IDI 4-1 NUMBER 1 example about the issue of a policeman who shot two persons in front of his daughter and in front of the family he shot. It is unlawful and immoral for 71 me and that is why I rant it over on social media to express my hatred towards that policeman. 2 Okay, I rant on social it is because of its coverage, IDI 4-2 if you want to voice out your opinions, also you have bigger audience and bigger interactions with others 3 I rant on social media due to my triggering point IDI 4-3 that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants 4 Of course after you rant you will feel relax and IDI 4-4 overwhelm because of those people who will agree with you 5 It could actually affect my emotion, anger will be never be absent. But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social media because maybe someone will be affected. IDI 4-5 72 6 In my viewpoint there is positive effect because you are acknowledging you emotions, your thoughts and something like that, also there is negative effect, as we all know social media has bigger audience and this audience will agree with you it could affect the person who is the topic of your rant. IDI 4-6 73 Informant Session Number Date : IDI - 5 : 5 : October 19, 2021 Time Started : 8:04 PM Time Ended : 8:30 PM Duration : 25 minutes Location : Google meet Interviewed by :April Diane C. Birondo Transcribed by :April Diane C. Birondo Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Personally, I don’t really rant on facebook and IDI 5-1 NUMBER 1 instagram I do rant on twitter but it is private and it is not public, followers are chosen and that’s why I rant there like inner ahm inner thoughts like that but it is not like revealing everything. 74 2 Well, maybe it’s my way uhm of venting, I don’t IDI 5-2 really open with my friends and my family like that, it is like my way of releasing of what I’ve feel it feels like it’s my way of thinking that I have someone I can talk to like that. Releasing what I’ve feel, like that, 3 There is no deeper reason but like I just want to, IDI 5-3 there is no deeper meaning or deeper reason why I rant, yeah 4 Not really, there are times I know I feel like IDI 5-4 somewhat I’d released what I’d feel but not fully. I don’t really feel good after and I don’t also feel bad either somewhat in the middle 5 Uhm, sometimes I felt guilty right after and regret right after because I feel like it is wrong, it is not worth to share in that platform somewhat like that, sometimes I feel relieve, like that and relieve through ranting on twitter IDI 5-5 75 6 It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings. IDI 5-6 76 Informant : IDI - 6 Session Number : 6 Date October 19, 2021 : Time Started : 1:15 PM Time Ended 1:31 PM : Duration : Location 15 minutes : Google meet Interviewed by : April Diane C. Birondo Transcribed by : April Diane C. Birondo Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Uhm, before way back junior high school 9th grade or IDI 6-1 NUMBER 1 10th grade I rant loudly on social media going SHS, I 77 rant loudly on social media. I make it as my diary and rant anything that opposes to my stand, I post it. 2 Maybe because I don’t have friends to talk to and I don’t IDI 6-2 have rant buddy so what would I do is I will post it in social media and didn’t care if someone would like or comment as long as I write my rant on social media platform I chose to express myself and to release what ive feel. 3 Mine would be, on twitter I decide to rant on twitter it’s IDI 6-3 because there is no judgmental person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook 4 At first I feel a little bit relieved because it seems like nothing, it seems like I don’t feel the heaviness just IDI 6-4 78 because I don’t have someone to talk to, so if I can rant on my social media account I feel comfort and relieved. I feel a little bit of happy because I am able to express myself. 5 Ahh, it depends on facebook after I rant on facebook IDI 6-5 there is a tendency that I have an enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like Ill get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because i feel lonely and I feel like im alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. 6 Uhm, before like uhm probably last year I ranted on facebook then before my account was locked I ranted, there were some people I debated somewhat they take it as personal and they really argue and it makes me depressed before because they join forces it somewhat , its bully. It is called cyber bullying, somewhat I was slightly depressed like not totally depressed but I was IDI 6-6 79 sad, sad was the term I was sad because I was cyber bullied. I decided to locked my account for someone who doesn’t really know me would not be able to uhm, would bully me on facebook. Somehow on twitter umm it’s positive for me, for myself and I can say that I have me time on my twitter account. Overall, it is negative for me because the platform is huge, social media platform like there are many people would see your posts and there is a tendency that you be cyber bullied because of your posts even though it is your personal problem there is still a tendency you get cyber bullied. 80 Informant : IDI - 7 Session Number : 7 Date : October 29, 2021 Time Started : 7:04 PM Time Ended 7:12 PM : Duration Location : 8 minutes : Google meet Interviewed by : April Diane C. Birondo Transcribed by : April Diane C. Birondo Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE So, usually I don’t really rant or direct my rant to IDI 7-1 NUMBER 1 someone I usually rant through shared posts. There are posts I share and I’ll put caption to it my rants or about my opinions, about my beliefs, about posts, about my disagreements like that. So actually its 81 random, there are politics or uhmm sometimes I see injustice like that. 2 So, main thing is when a certain posts triggers me or IDI 7-2 a certain posts shows injustice like abusive people then of course as citizen or as a human you would react somehow we defend and we react or we get angry especially if there are belittled individual. Usually, also the idea of posts is, like posts information I ranted like that, usually I ranted it’s because of disagreements. 3 Uhm, of course I wanted to express also my ideas IDI 7-3 and opinions to show that I also care for the people especially to those aggrieved people or belittled. So I also want to inform them that they it not right like that. 4 So after ranting, somehow I feel like Im relieved or somehow I can say that I had shared my opinion, I feel like I was able to help at least by sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so IDI 7-4 82 I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening. 5 Uhmm, quiet it doesn’t mean specific, it is mixed IDI 7-5 emotion depends what kind of rant. Of course sometimes emotional or sometimes angry especially posts are sensitive when it comes to injustices. I’m very insensitive to that, usually I got angry 6 After ranting sometimes I feel angry, like after. Later on I feel relieved or somehow I able to released my anger through ranting. Because I able to express what I want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect its because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel. IDI 7-6 83 Informant : Session Number Date : 8 : Time Started : Time Ended : IDI - 8 October 30, 2021 1:55 PM 2:03 PM Duration : 08 minutes Location : Google meet Interviewed by : April Diane C. Birondo Transcribed by : April Diane C. Birondo Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Uhm, my experiences on social media is mixed like it is IDI 8-1 NUMBER 1 a one way of relieving your, relieving your stress or your opinions. If you have opinion, you can share your opinion in that thing through sharing and posting. 84 2 Mostly uhm, like your thoughts, thoughts or your IDI 8-2 experiences you like to express, you will vent out there like venting out because no one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. 3 Uhm, it is my personal choice but of course you have to IDI 8-3 be, you have to be careful also. You have to limit your posts it’s because sometimes the information can easily spread. 4 Uhm, you feel relieve like you are able to express it. IDI 8-4 5 Affect my emotion, it changes your emotion like for IDI 8-5 example if you didn’t rant that out its still heavy and you’re sad but when you finally post it you feel like light. 6 Uhm, for me mostly I used twitter its positive for me because there are only few people able to see, and few people can see your posts unlike on facebook its common and you don’t have privacy like that. IDI 8-6 85 Informant : IDI-9 Session Number : 9 Date : October 23, 2021 Time Started : 7:03 PM Time Ended : 7:45 PM Duration : 24 minutes Location : Zoom App Interviewed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Transcribed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE RESPONSE /TEXT DATA CODE I rant once ummh if things get too much or I feel IDI 9- 1 NUMBER 1 burden with my loads or preoccupied with so much things to do and along the run also I can realize that hmm like it even made it worst especially when I think 86 that it is not right if I do too much ranting so I stop it for a while. I would not use my twitter for how many days. I will just get back to ranting when I feel the burden again. 2 Why I rant on social media is because of academics IDI 9- 2 because there are a lot of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger. 3 Uhm so in twitter since that is the medium I used in ranting and only few knew as to what I rant about because ummhh of my personal, I have my integrity, my reputation that has built in my community and the IDI 9- 3 87 school society like I should not display that I am weak because I was also looked up by other students. So, I don’t have to rant in public, I just set aside everything because it can really affect other people you rant to especially if you have the same feelings with others. When I rant to them they could tell the same thing so id rather keep it on my own and we have different experiences so no one could judge you if ever you private your own rants. 4 Usually, when normal days I felt like I am not okay I write pieces in my notepad and also rant it over on social media. Once I write, it slowly ease the feeling of being frustrated and it lower also my temper and seems like it help me to get back to my normal functioning. When I get back to normal functioning I realized uhmm so okay this is what im done doing hehehe but atleast minimal people only can see my rant so I wont regret uhmm. At some point I am frank person so I better to get off with people talking some other things because I might cause something that could affect them at somehow. IDI 9- 4 88 5 uhmmm it has a positive impact to those people who IDI 9- 5 don’t have someone to talk to because it is like a medium where you can express on how you feel to like ummh once we get tired same when you feel too much you have to vent out to git rid the negativities within yourself. Through social media I was able to express my emotions, and what I feel I able to let it out. It has a positive impact to myself and it doesn’t cause negative feeling but it gets me to the realization. After ranting, I able to express and later on realization goes on in like better to work on than ranting. 6 Uhm.. Sometimes being a social work, socialization should be required especially doing an activity which there is really socialization involved. However,it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my social aspect and personal comfort.When I self. exposed I would feel to too much the with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent IDI 9- 6 89 out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved. 90 Informant : Session Number : Date : October 23, 2021 Time Started : 11:30 AM Time Ended : 11: 48AM Duration : 24:03 minutes Location : Zoom App Interviewed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Transcribed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE IDI-10 10 RESPONSE /TEXT DATA CODE Uhmmm I rant about is more on movies, series, IDI 10- 1 NUMBER 1 showbiz issues, and also I like to rant about politics but it is only opinion-based. In ranting I would discover that there are also other people out there who have the same thoughts as mine as they responded to 91 my rants. They would respond and agree to my statement. So, I could tell that it is not only me who has this kind of thoughts but others as well. I rant also regarding a government topic and there was this random person who reacted and expressed his opposing opinion about my tweet. I was totally shocked because it feels like he’s really mad and upset so I just laughed and what I did, I deleted my tweet. I did not expect that my tweet could affect him that much. It is just my opinion though and he told me that I am not open minded, that I am childish. Starting that time I decide to lessen the amount of opinions to be shared online about politics but more on movies. 2 First, I rant because I can relate the topic. Second, is that I just feel like sharing my opinion just also to know if others do have the same opinion as mine. Third, is to get relieved (pahungaw) from what I feel. Mostly, as of now I rant about movies, kpop stars that I idolized, uhmm korean stuff. I am invested with my idol so when they have issues, I would really share my opinion regarding it. IDI 10- 2 92 3 It's better to rant it over on social media because I IDI 10- 3 don’t have someone to talk to and can't share it to my family that’s why I rant it over on social media. Mostly my friends would react to my tweets concerning what I tweeted on twitter. Like they would tell me as well that they have the same feeling towards a certain issue. They also expressed the same feeling like for example Aljur and Kylie’s issue (showbiz). They would reply and agree to my rants. Uuhmm… then later on it fell to become a gossip of us with friends but it is more on the showbiz issue itself. I am into the artist and express my opinion on their life issues. And mostly the feeling to rant is to exhaust the self from certain issues. 4 Uhmm honestly, sometimes I get to become anxious. I rant over about the issue of one of my Korean artists idol. I get anxious if I tweet my opinion right, I am thinking if someone would react like he doesn't believe him (Korean artist) because of his issue. However, I received a lot of hearts and retweets. I told to myself that we have the same thoughts and opinions. I feel anxious sometimes especially I have already an experience before when someone suddenly IDI 10- 4 93 attack me with words. Overall, when you rant like mostly negative feelings about showbiz issues, at least it lightens up the feelings. 5 Uhmm When I rant, I would feel relieved and it IDI 10- 5 lessens the negative feeling but the negative feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. 6 I can tell that the effects are positive because it makes me happy voicing out what I feel in the moment, through ranting I can help other people widen their mind to a certain issue and they will learn something about it and can relieve all the negativities I feel because sometimes there are issues that you cannot IDI 10- 6 94 talk with people and the only way to relieve it is through ranting. 95 Informant : IDI-11 Session Number : 11 Date October 23, 2021 : Time Started : 8:03 PM Time Ended : 8:25 PM Duration : 15:33 minutes Location : Zoom App Interviewed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Transcribed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Reviewed by: Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE RESPONSE /TEXT DATA CODE Uhmm… since before when I was a high school IDI 11- 1 NUMBER 1 student I am really into ranting on social media. It was a trend before, we post everything, every content we want to post we post on social media. My experience in ranting was all about school 96 work before and as I grew up social issues already have been part of my rants such as politics but just lowkey a bit on that issue. And also including Kpop idols and mostly entertainments mostly. With regards to myself, I don’t have that much to rant about. 2 uhmm… the reason why I rant on social media is because of the audience, especially if the point is a serious matter. I want everyone to know about certain issues. The ranting is more on sometimes mental health awareness, encouragement not totally not always pure rants. If I rant that revolves on social concerns. About personal matters, I did not put on social media anymore. I am particular social issues regarding the thoughts of other people about the specific issue like about uhmm depression, when people don’t believe about it and as a psych major I share specific post and I rant why people are like this and that… second is I rant over about the artist that I idolized who get bashed. With regards to social issues, it is about the pandemic IDI 11- 2 97 like mass testing and enough ayuda. I was able to rant about it. 3 I think social media is a platform where we are IDI 11- 3 free to express ourselves especially today, we are using gadgets and our lives evolve in social media and when there are some specific thing I want to voice out I always rant it on social media but I also make sure that I don’t rant everything about my life, private matters since social media has a huge audience like one wrong click it could affect you and the people around you. I can rant to a certain person but today when there is social media and if I want to voice out my thoughts, social media could be a nice platform to use. 4 There are times that ranting gives you satisfaction especially when you already voice out your thoughts about a specific topic and there times as well for example, I share my opinion and they oppose my opinion and it feels like there is a debate going to happen. That IDI 11- 4 98 moment I would feel challenged and thrilled by the person who has different thoughts about my rant so I would do my best to encourage him that this is my stand about the certain issue. But the main emotion you could feel in ranting is satisfaction that you were able to relieve your emotion. 5 Uhmm…. Ranting can affect my emotions. For instance, I have this experience where I feel upset about one post concerning cheating issues and I give my thoughts. I get really upset while typing my thoughts and the issue really frustrates me. And after the ranting moment, days after the ranting I looked back to my timeline seeing that certain rant of mine It is weird because you have a specific emotion to feel for a moment and you rant it to social media. Then days to come as you see it again, like the emotions you have experienced at that moment are already no more. IDI 11- 5 99 6 For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied. IDI 11- 6 100 Informant : IDI-12 Session Number : 12 Date : October 26, 2021 Time Started : 12:02 PM Time Ended : 12:45 PM Duration : 20 minutes Location : Zoom App Interviewed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Transcribed by : Pearl Jane Bongcales Reviewed by : Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE RESPONSE /TEXT DATA CODE My experience since I rant about uhmm actually I am IDI 12- 1 NUMBER 1 into ranting about politics as of now since the election is getting near and also, I rant about uhm academics because it stresses me out. Mostly my experience is 101 what I felt for the day. For example, I'm happy I rant about it on social media like I share what I feel. Ranting makes me happy just like that because you were able to express your feelings. 2 Causes include as well my personal life aside from IDI 12- 2 what I have mentioned about politics and academic concerns. 3 I wanted to rant about it on social media instead of IDI 12- 3 telling some about it because there are some people who would talk about talking about things over and over again like they could tell that you are just always telling how tired you are. So, because of that, it made me to just rant it over on the social media for me not to hear responses I am always talking the same thing over and over again 4 I actually feel okay after ranting on social media. Not to the extent you feel too much happiness but you would just feel okay after you express what you feel. I am relieved. IDI 12- 4 102 5 It affects me emotionally like uhm for example I rant IDI 12- 5 and the words I use if exaggerating then I actually feel uhm like more of a relief and then emotionally I am okay with it. 6 After ranting sometimes, I feel okay, sometimes I don’t. Emotionally sometimes it can hurt like when I read the things that I try to express to the social media it will repeatedly come to my mind and when I visit on my timeline and I keep seeing that post I feel sad about it and emotionally I will get carried away with my feelings and emotion. But it depends what content I rant on social media. There is also sometimes I will just never mind who would get upset with what I posted. Just like that. And for me, ranting is positive action because I was able to express what I feel and then it’s a relief after I tried to express it to words. IDI 12- 6 103 Informant : Session Number Date IDI - 13 : 13 : October 24, 2021 Time Started : 7:13 PM Time Ended 7:26 PM : Duration Location : 13 minutes : Google meet Interviewed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Transcribed by : Joann Fe S. cabuga Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE My experience ranting on social media ahh…about IDI 13-1 NUMBER 1 online class. Then the experience is, based on my experience in online class is it is struggle plus I don’t have enough resources that’s why I rant like to bring 104 back the face-to-face hopefully soon. Ahm, there are times I rant but eventually I delete it once I feel relief. 2 Miss, if I see that something wrong. The causes of my IDI 13-2 ranting on social media is if I can see something that I don’t like or against with the opinions of other miss. Random topics like politics and online class. 3 Facebook miss, that’s the only social media account I IDI 13-3 have. Because I’m not used to twitter and Instagram. 4 Guilty and then delete it later. Because, first miss before IDI 13-4 I rant, I am not thinking about it. I am being impulsive miss. And then later, I realized that I was wrong on ranting without thinking. 5 Before ranting miss, I feel like I’m really against. Like, IDI 13-5 I feel angry that’s why I can rant. Then after is I feel guilt. Sometimes I could say that if am able to express myself I feel satisfied. But then, I have this realization that ranting is not always good, positive vibes only. 6 I am not comfortable if I rant because I will feel guilt later on. It’s negative for me that’s why I stop it. IDI 13-6 105 Because I realized that it is not good and it can ruin your reputation. 106 Informant : Session Number Date IDI - 14 : 14 : November 04, 2021 Time Started : 3:10PM Time Ended 3:31PM : Duration : 21minutes Location : Google meet Interviewed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Transcribed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Ahm, in general ahh…my way of ranting is ahm, IDI 14-1 NUMBER 1 somewhat a pave way to release stress as in IRL or in real life I don’t really stress like ahm, destroying things cause I do that in my mind but rather yeah, 107 instead I post or rant in social media making status or make chat with my close friends about what I’ve been through so that’s my way of ranting. But there was one time that I made an issue in the school like in third year high school, like I was so stress as a class president at that time that the way I relieve stress was a…I use my cousins Facebook account then post about pretending that rest in peace something like that. Like yeah, it was not un intentional reaction towards how the people around reacted. I just wanted to see what were their reactions. But unexpectedly they believe then to the point that many of them go to our house. It was a bad experience for me. But in general, it felt somewhat satisfying except that experience of posting fake news about me passing away. But that experience is a way of relieving stress for me. 2 The causes, because of what I’ve been through like ahm, stress at school, stress at work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like ahh… what I’ve been through like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake IDI 14-2 108 I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ing-ana dayon” so yeah, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting. 3 Facebook, since I’m not that active on twitter and IDI 14-3 Instagram. So, as I’ve mention since I cannot do it in real life like. I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress. 4 Ahm, there are some faces in my end like pre, during and post ranting, like pre is I will think like what to type and what to post something like that. I’ll make a draft in my head so that’s the pre. Then my feeling was that is the ahh… the anticipation. Then during, is how I will make my draft like in my mind what will I type then along the way I’ll edit, I will check IDI 14-4 109 the grammar so I will not be embarrassed. Then post, after ranting I feel satisfied it’s like my anger is lost. With my experience I felt relieve watching the reaction but there’s some regrets as well. 5 Okay this is quite difficult. Honestly, there is none IDI 14-5 for me like ahm, there’s I have the same emotions for me in pre and post because in pre ranting I get angry but not to the point that I get suicidal something like that. Then in post, for me is like it’s gone like myself return to my normal self, way before I experience stress. 6 It has negative views about other people’s reaction since I made an issue about it like I mentioned before. But in my end or emotional self it gave a positive effect. So, if I’m to add up there are two sides for me, like it’s the best and positive way for me but it depends on the content of my rant it might give a negative effect for other people. IDI 14-6 110 Informant Session Number Date : : 15 : November 08, 2021 Time Started : Time Ended 7:18PM : Duration Location IDI - 15 7: 35PM : : 17 minutes Google meet Interviewed by : Joann Fe s. Cabuga Transcribed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Ahm, actually it’s good, because you know I get to IDI 15-1 NUMBER 1 release or vent out the negative energies or stress in me that I’ve been keeping and then ahm, sometimes it feels so good when ahm, the person that you wanted to ahm, release your anger to is they understand so it’s 111 like that there’s a sense of fulfilment that (sigh) Thank you like that. And sometimes it’s just ahm, on a random day like I rant I think almost every day I rant miss yeah but it’s just like my way of releasing my emotion that’s it. 2 Hmm…causes? like when I have a bad day that’s IDI 15-2 when I get irritated. Ahm, right now more on academics like this teacher is like this and the discussion could have been better if it’s like this. I rant personal issues sometimes like about my friends because I feel like I did not reciprocate the amount of affection that I give to them. So that’s why I rant because I don’t have any means to share my feelings. 3 Ahm, twitter because there nobody ahm, a few only IDI 15-3 knows me in that account so I can just do whatever I want. Most likely I only rant on twitter. It’s like my diary in an online setting. 4 Ahm, first I feel ahm, relieve and there’s a sugar rush while typing. Yes, and after once posting it like (sigh) IDI 15-4 112 finally I feel relief that the memory or experience is now gone and I can move on, like that. 5 Ahm, affect my emotion? Ahm, during ranting I feel IDI 15-5 angry but like not in a state that is super angry as in that you don’t have netiquette already something like that. Ahh, I still construct my words that I want to put out in the media because that is still media. And even if I’m angry I still try my best to be appropriate enough like I don’t curse I don’t do that. Ahm…I just let words flow in until my anger vanishes away like that miss. And once I get to upload it (sigh) finally ahm, yeah, my anger seizes in me. 6 Effects, it made me ahm, it made me somehow reflect miss my previous emotion. Like example looking back scrolling back in my account I could realize and reminisce the time I wasn’t in myself so if I were to go back to this time, I should have done this or ahm, it helps in my repress emotion to bring back the memories. It also gives thrill. It is positive because at the end of the day ahm, I don’t rant to attack other people or like other. People always have negative IDI 15-6 113 connotation about ranting like attention seeker something like that. But ahm, for me it’s just like expressing how my day went how devastating it is or how randomly messed up it is so for me it’s positive miss. 114 Informant : IDI - 16 Session Number : Date 16 : November 10, 2021 Time Started : 7:14 PM Time Ended 7:26PM : Duration : 12 minutes Location : Google meet Interviewed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Transcribed by : Joann Fe S. Cabuga Reviewed by : RESPONSE Rulthan P. Sumicad, MA RESPONSE/TEXT DATA CODE Ahm, many times, like it’s not really many times IDI 16-1 NUMBER 1 like I still could count cause I was never the type before to rant on social media like, I just like to keep it myself my own problem. But lately, I’ve 115 became comfortable now expressing on social media. Maybe because also of the situation that I am no longer you know having physical conversation with my friends so that is why. Cause before we could still physically talk to them but now, we are all moving virtually. I rant before pandemic but not virtually. 2 A lot, like there’s a variety of causes ahm, but the IDI 16-2 overbearing reason why I rant on social media it could be because of my academic situation, academic responsibilities, academic stress. 3 Facebook and twitter, because in twitter ahm, I’m much more comfortable ranting on twitter because I have few mutual like there’s no bigger audience. And in Facebook as well, ahm, in Facebook I have many friends compare to my twitter but ahm, I am comfortable cause it made me feel that there is someone I could share to. Cause sometimes my friends are busy and you need to let out your emotions already that’s why. IDI 16-3 116 4 Ahm, initially I really feel fine you feel like it’s less IDI 16-4 burden because you let it out then right afterwards like a few hours or a few minutes I usually feels anxious, anxiety like what if my status is I was too negative and then I have friends dealing with problems as well then, they could read and they might think of it also, I feel like I might spread more negativity or negative vibe towards them so I feel anxious. But then I would think that I might be valid also cause I’m feeling negative as well. There is really ahm, satisfaction after ranting. 5 mm, ahm… like ahm at this time like I’m in an outburst, there is this one-time that I’m really peace off and then I then turn to twitter to tweet about my anger and then right after twitting miss my anger subside like (sigh) ahh! finally. Before ranting emotions are way too heavy like it’s too strong. But if you let it out, it’s like when you’re updating your status and it’s all about what were you feeling it is like you’re expressing your emotions. IDI 16-5 117 6 Ahh, for the most striking part it does make me feel good honestly, cause it’s the same thing of like telling people or making people aware of how I’m feeling. Other people would say, (in my defense) instead of ranting on social media why would just share to people but for me, if there’s one certain person you could share to and he’s not available at the moment you lifted no choice. It does really make me feel good at a certain point and it lightens the mood the emotions that you’re feeling. IDI 16-6 118 APPENDIX F CODED SIGNIFICANT STATEMENT Significant Response/Significant Statement Statement Code Response Number # 1 Ahh Through, usually most common social IDI 1-1 media platform nowadays, like twitter or SS1 facebook. I always rant through these social media platform aside from, it’s a form of stress reliever, it is also break from academic stress, Hmm Also many people would relate and be able to read my rants. (IDI 1-1 SS 1) (usually most common social media platform nowadays, like twitter or facebook. I always rant through these social media platform aside from, it’s a form of stress reliever, it is also break from academic 1 119 stress, Also many people would relate and be able to read my rants.) 2 Ahmm, aside from what I have said earlier IDI 1-2 2 that many people would relate, it is also SS2 possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it. (IDI 1-2 SS2) (aside from what I have said earlier that many people would relate, it is also possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it.) 3 Hhmmmm Many of my friends would give IDI 1-3 sympathy, ranting on social media makes SS3 lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build 3 120 up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants. (IDI 1-3 SS3) (Many of my friends would give sympathy, ranting on social media makes lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants.) 4 Ahhhh Ranting it out in social media would IDI 1-4 give myself a relief, hmmmm It also be a SS4 break from my academic stress. It is a stress reliever for me. (IDI 1-4 SS4) (Ranting it out in social media would give myself a relief, It also be a break from my academic stress. It is a stress reliever for me.) 4 121 5 It’s not really could give off my anger IDI 1-5 5 hmmm but it could somehow lighten my SS5 mood. (IDI 1-5 SS5) (It’s not really could give off my anger but it could somehow lighten my mood.) 6 It lightens my self, I am not aiming to release IDI 1-6 6 my anger, at least there is someone who is SS6 willing to listen to me. (IDI 1-6 SS6) (It lightens my self, I am not aiming to release my anger, at least there is someone who is willing to listen to me.) 7 Basically, my experiences, ahhhh, I don’t IDI 2-1 have really a preference on what rant, unlike SS7 rant on political views. It is really on a certain topic with a certain person. I’m not really limited to one certain issue. So, I basically rant basing on how the person is, 1 122 ahhhhh.. showing his/her attitude towards me. (IDI 2-1 SS7) (Basically, my experiences, I don’t have really a preference on what rant, unlike rant on political views. It is really on a certain topic with a certain person. I’m not really limited to one certain issue. So, I basically rant basing on how the person is, showing his/her attitude towards me.) 8 Basically, annoying people, that’s really my IDI 2-2 trigger point, specially when they use social SS8 media as well to annoy me. So, I really just use the social media but I also ahhh.. so yes that’s really the main cause, the annoying people. (IDI 2-2 SS8) (Basically, annoying people, that’s really my trigger point, specially when they use 2 123 social media as well to annoy me. So, I really just use the social media but I also . so yes that’s really the main cause, the annoying people.) 9 Most of my rants, specially on social media IDI 2-3 3 are not really intended to point out names. SS9 So, Ahhhhh I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, hmmm because actually when I rant I just want to let things out. ( IDI 2-3 SS9) (Most of my rants, specially on social media are not really intended to point out names. So, I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, because actually when I rant I just want to let things out.) 10 Sometimes I would laugh at it, I feel like.. I feel relieved actually you know, t olet thing IDI 2-4 4 124 out but not to hurt someone, so it’s just a self SS10 satisfactory. ( IDI 2-4 SS10) (Sometimes I would laugh at it, I feel relieved actually you know, to let things out but not to hurt someone, so it’s just a selfsatisfactory.) 11 Ahhhhh, In my daily, In my overall emotion IDI 2-5 a day it doesn’t have a really big impact, SS11 because I do rant on social media but it is not really die hard ranting you know, like ahhhh, getting into an argument it’s just a way of letting off, I’m just gonna feel like some sort of happiness for a moment but it doesn’t really affect my mood for the day. ( IDI 2-5 SS11) ( In my daily, In my overall emotion a day it doesn’t have a really big impact, because I do rant on social media but it is not really die hard ranting you know, like getting into an 5 125 argument it’s just a way of letting off, I’m just gonna feel like some sort of happiness for a moment but it doesn’t really affect my mood for the day.) 12 Well, ahhh I’m really a jolly person, I’m not IDI 2-6 6 really into like taking things like ahhhh, like SS12 taking problems too seriously just to, because I try to avoid stress . ( IDI 2-6 SS12) (Well, I’m really a jolly person, I’m not really into like taking things like taking problems too seriously just to, because I try to avoid stress . 13 Ahhhhmmm, I often o ranting, especially in IDI 3-1 twitter. Sometimes I encounter bashes from SS13 other people, when they don’t accept my opinions. That is why they bash my rants. (IDI 3-1 SS13) 1 126 (I often o ranting, especially in twitter. Sometimes I encounter bashes from other people, when they don’t accept my opinions. That is why they bash my rants.) 14 Hmmmm, I think due to stress, then you will IDI 3-2 2 just project yourself with other things, SS14 because you can not express it in real life and you will just portray your social media self. (IDI 3-2 SS14) (I think due to stress, then you will just project yourself with other things, because you can not express it in real life and you will just portray your social media self.) 15 I think it is because, hmmm. When someone IDI 3-3 portraying it in real life people really bashes SS15 you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself identification. by using other 3 127 (IDI 3-3 SS15) (I think it is because, When someone portraying it in real life people really bashes you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself by using other identification.) 16 Sometimes relief, sometimes it makes you IDI 3-4 4 more stress. But mostly it can relief the SS16 burdens you are having. (IDI 3-4 SS16) (Sometimes relief, sometimes it makes you more stress. But mostly it can relief the burdens you are having.) 17 It makes enraged, actually it is not healthy IDI 3-5 but social media is my escape but overall it SS17 makes me enraged. (IDI 3-5 SS17) 5 128 (It makes enraged, actually it is not healthy but social media is my escape but overall it makes me enraged.) 18 Ahhhhh, Like I said enraged, instead of IDI 3-6 confronting my emotion and to find solution SS18 of my whatsoever my problem is, hmmmm I chose ranting even though it not healthy and it is exposed on social media. It is not good for me but it becomes a habit. Even no ones pays attention, hmmm at least I express my emotions and that affects me for now with enraged but sometimes it gives me calmness. (IDI 3-6 SS18) (Like I said enraged, instead of confronting my emotion and to find solution of my whatsoever my problem is, I chose ranting even though it not healthy and it is exposed on social media. It is not good for me but it becomes a habit. Even no one pays attention, 6 129 at least I express my emotions and that affects me for now with enraged but sometimes it gives me calmness.) 19 Hmmmmm, Actually, I have a lot of IDI 4-1 experiences on ranting, like Ahhhh, for SS19 example about the issue of a policeman who shot two persons in front of his daughter and in front of the family he shot. ahhmmm It is unlawful and immoral for me and that is why I rant it over on social media to express my hatred towards that policeman. (IDI 4-1 SS19) (Actually, I have a lot of experiences on ranting, like for example about the issue of a policeman who shot two persons in front of his daughter and in front of the family he shot. It is unlawful and immoral for me and that is why I rant it over on social media to express my hatred towards that policeman.) 1 130 20 Okay, I rant on social it is because of its IDI 4-2 2 coverage, if you want to voice out your SS20 opinions, also you have bigger audience and bigger interactions with otherrs (IDI 4-2 SS20) (Okay, I rant on social it is because of its coverage, if you want to voice out your opinions, also you have bigger audience and bigger interactions with others.) 21 Ahhhmmmm, I rant on social media due to IDI 4-3 my triggering point that you need to express SS21 rather than keeping it to yourself. Hmmm I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants (IDI 4-3 SS21) (I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what is my 3 131 feelings and I want someone to know my rants.) 22 Of course after you rant you will feel relax IDI 4-4 4 and overwhelm because of those people who SS22 will agree with you (IDI 4-4 SS22) (Of course after you rant you will feel relax and overwhelm because of those people who will agree with you) 23 Ahhmm, It could actually affect my IDI 4-5 emotion, anger will be never be absent. SS23 Hmmmmm, But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social media because maybe someone will be affected. (IDI 4-5 SS23) (It could actually affect my emotion, anger will be never be absent. But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social 5 132 media because maybe someone will be affected. 24 Hhmmmmm, In my viewpoint there is positive effect because you IDI 4-6 are SS24 acknowledging your emotions, your thoughts and something like that, hmmmm, also there is negative effect, as we all know social media has bigger audience and this audience will agree with you it could affect the person who is the topic of your rant. (IDI 4-6 SS24) (In my viewpoint there is positive effect because you are acknowledging your emotions, your thoughts and something like that, also there is negative effect, as we all know social media has bigger audience and this audience will agree with you it could affect the person who is the topic of your rant.) 6 133 25 Personally, I don’t really rant on facebook IDI 5-1 1 and instagram I do rant on twitter but it is SS25 private and it is not public, followers are chosen and that’s why I rant there like inner ahm inner thoughts like that but it is not like revealing everything. (IDI 5-1 SS25) (Personally, I don’t really rant on facebook and instagram I do rant on twitter but it is private and it is not public, followers are chosen and that’s why I rant there like inner thoughts like that but it is not like revealing everything) 26 Well, maybe it’s my way uhm of venting, I DI 5-2 don’t really open with my friends and my SS26 family like that, it is like my way of releasing of what I’ve feel it feels like it’s my way of thinking that I have someone I can talk to like that. Releasing what I’ve feel, like that 2 134 (IDI 5-2 SS26) (Well, maybe it’s my way of venting, I don’t really open up with my friends and my family like that, it is like my way of releasing of what I’ve feel it feels like it’s my way of thinking that I have someone I can talk to like that. Releasing what I’ve feel, like that) 27 There is no deeper reason but like I just want IDI 5-3 3 to, there is no deeper meaning or deeper SS27 reason why I rant, yeah (IDI 5-3 SS27) (There is no deeper reason but like I just want to, there is no deeper meaning or deeper reason why I rant) 28 Not really, there are times I know I feel like IDI 5-4 somewhat I’d released what I’d feel but not SS28 fully. I don’t really feel good after and I 4 135 don’t also feel bad either somewhat in the middle. (IDI 5-4 SS28) (Not really, there are times I know I feel like somewhat I’d released what I’d feel but not fully. I don’t really feel good after and I don’t also feel bad either somewhat in the middle) 29 Uhm, sometimes I felt guilty right after and IDI 5-5 regret right after because I feel like it is SS29 wrong, it is not worth to share in that platform somewhat like that, sometimes I feel relieve, like that and relieve through ranting on twitter (IDI 5-5 SS29) (Sometimes I felt guilty right after and regret right after because I feel like it is wrong, it is not worth to share in that platform somewhat like that, sometimes I feel relieve 5 136 like that and relieve through ranting on twitter) 30 It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve IDI 5-6 6 said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m SS30 talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings. (IDI 5-6 SS30) (It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings.) 31 Uhm, before way back junior high school IDI 6-1 9th grade or 10th grade I rant loudly on SS31 social media going SHS, I rant loudly on social media. I make it as my diary and rant anything that opposes my stand, I post it. 1 137 (IDI 6-1 SS31) (Before way back junior high school 9th grade or 10th grade I rant loudly on social media going SHS, I rant loudly on social media. I make it as my diary and rant anything that opposes my stand, I post it.) 32 Maybe because I don’t have friends to talk IDI 6-2 to and I don’t have rant buddy so what SS32 would I do is I will post it in social media and didn’t care if someone would like or comment as long as I can write my rant on the social media platform I chose to express myself and to release what I’ve feel. (IDI 6-2 SS32) Maybe because I don’t have friends to talk to and I don’t have rant buddy so what would I do is I will post it in social media and didn’t care if someone would like or comment as long as I can write my rant on 2 138 the social media platform I chose to express myself and to release what I’ve feel. 33 would be, on twitter I decide to rant on IDI 6-3 twitter it’s because there is no judgmental SS33 person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook. (IDI 6-3 SS33) (Mine would be, on twitter I decide to rant on twitter it’s because there is no judgmental person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people 3 139 who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook) 34 At first I feel a little bit relieved because it IDI 6-4 seems like nothing, it seems like I don’t feel SS34 the heaviness just because I don’t have someone to talk to, so if I can rant on my social media account I feel comfort. I feel a little bit of happy because I am able to express myself. (IDI 6-4 SS34) (At first I feel a little bit relieved because it seems like nothing, it seems like I don’t feel the heaviness just because I don’t have someone to talk to, so if I can rant on my social media account I feel comfort. I feel a little bit of happy because I am able to express myself.) 4 140 35 Ahh, it depends on facebook after I rant on IDI 6-5 facebook there is a tendency that I have an SS35 enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because i feel lonely and I feel like im alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. (IDI 6-5 SS35) It depends on facebook after I rant on facebook there is a tendency that I have an enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant 5 141 because I feel lonely and I feel like I’m alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. 36 Uhm, before like uhm probably last year I IDI 6- 6 ranted on facebook then before my account SS36 was locked I ranted, there were some people I debated somewhat they take it as personal and they really argue and it makes me depressed before because they join forces it somewhat, its bully. It is called cyber bullying, somewhat I was slightly depressed like not totally depressed but I was sad, sad was the term I was sad because I was cyber bullied. I decided to locked my account for someone who doesn’t really know me would not be able to uhm, would bully me on facebook. Somehow on twitter umm it’s positive for me, for myself and I can say that I have me time on my twitter account. Overall, it is negative for me because the platform is huge, social media platform like there are many people would see your posts 6 142 and there is a tendency that you be cyber bullied because of your posts even though it is your personal problem there is still a tendency you get cyber bullied. (IDI 6-6 SS36) Before like probably last year I ranted on facebook then before my account was locked I ranted, there were some people I debated somewhat they take it as personal and they really argue and it makes me depressed before because they join forces it somewhat, its bully. It is called cyber bullying, somewhat I was slightly depressed like not totally depressed but I was sad, sad was the term I was sad because I was cyber bullied. I decided to locked my account for someone who doesn’t really know me would not be able to, would bully me on facebook. Somehow on twitter umm it’s positive for me, for myself and I can say that I have me time on my twitter account. Overall, it is negative for me because the platform is 143 huge, social media platform like there are many people would see your posts and there is a tendency that you be cyber bullied because of your posts even though it is your personal problem there is still a tendency you get cyber bullied. 37 So, usually I don’t really rant or direct my IDI 7-1 rant to someone I usually rant through SS37 shared posts. There are posts I share and I’ll put caption to it my rants or about my opinions, about my beliefs, about posts, about my disagreements like that. So actually it’s random, there are politics or uhmm sometimes I see injustice like that. (IDI 7-1 SS 37) So, usually I don’t really rant or direct my rant to someone I usually rant through shared posts. There are posts I share and I’ll put caption to it about my rants or about my opinions, about my beliefs, about posts, about my disagreements like that. So 1 144 actually it’s random, there are politics or sometimes I see injustice like that. 38 So, main thing is when a certain posts IDI 7-2 triggers me or a certain posts shows injustice SS38 like abusive people then of course as citizen or as a human you would react somehow we defend and we react or we get angry especially if there are belittled individual. Usually, also the idea of posts is, like posts information I ranted like that, usually I ranted it’s because of disagreements. (IDI 7-2 SS38) So, main thing is when a certain posts triggers me or a certain posts shows injustice like abusive people then of course as citizen or as a human you would react somehow we defend and we react or we get angry especially if there are belittled individual. Usually, also the idea of posts is, like posts information I ranted like that, usually I ranted it’s because of disagreements. 2 145 39 Uhm, of course I wanted to express also my IDI 7-3 3 ideas and opinions to show that I also care SS39 for the people especially to those aggrieved people or belittled. So I also want to inform them that they it not right like that. (IDI 7-3 SS39) Of course I wanted to express also my ideas and opinions to show that I also care for the people especially to those aggrieved people or belittled. So I also want to inform them that they it not right like that. 40 So after ranting, somehow I feel like I’m IDI 7-4 relieved or somehow I can say that I had SS40 shared my opinion, I feel like I was able to help at least by sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening. (IDI 7-4 SS 40) 4 146 So after ranting, somehow I feel like I’m relieved or somehow I can say that I had shared my opinion, I feel like I was able to help at least by sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening. 41 Uhmm, quiet it doesn’t mean specific, it is IDI 7-5 mixed emotion depends what kind of rant. SS41 Of course sometimes emotional or sometimes angry especially posts are sensitive when it comes to injustices. I’m very insensitive to that, usually I got angry. (IDI 7-5 SS41) Quiet it doesn’t mean specific, it is mixed emotion depends what kind of rant. Of course sometimes emotional or sometimes angry especially posts are sensitive when it comes to injustices. I’m very insensitive to that, usually I got angry. 5 147 42 After ranting sometimes I feel angry, like IDI 7-6 6 after. Later on I feel relieved or somehow I SS42 able to released my anger through ranting. Because I able to express what I want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect it’s because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel. (IDI 7-6 SS42) (After ranting sometimes I feel angry, like after. Later on I feel relieved or somehow I able to released my anger through ranting. Because I able to express what I want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect it’s because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel) 43 Uhm, my experiences on social media is mixed like it is a one way of relieving your, IDI 8-1 1 148 relieving your stress or your opinions. If you SS43 have opinion, you can share your opinion in that thing through sharing and posting. (IDI 8-1 SS43) (My experiences on social media is mixed like it is a one way of relieving your, relieving your stress or your opinions. If you have opinion, you can share your opinion in that thing through sharing and posting) 44 Mostly uhm, like your thoughts, thoughts or IDI 8-2 your experiences you like to express, you SS44 will vent out there like venting out because no one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. (IDI 8-2 SS44) Mostly like your thoughts, thoughts or your experiences you like to express, you will vent out there like venting out because no 2 149 one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. 45 Uhmm, it is my personal choice but of IDI 8-3 3 course you have to be, you have to be careful SS45 also. You have to limit your posts it’s because sometimes the information can easily spread. (IDI 8-3 SS45) (It is my personal choice but of course you have to be, you have to be careful also. You have to limit your posts it’s because sometimes the information can easily spread.) 46 Uhm, you feel relieve like you are able to IDI 8-4 express it. SS46 (IDI 8-4 SS46) 4 150 (You feel relieve like you are able to express it.) 47 Affect my emotion, it changes your emotion IDI 8-5 5 like for example if you didn’t rant that out SS47 its still heavy and you’re sad but when you finally post it you feel like light (IDI 8-5 SS47) (Affect my emotion, it changes your emotion like for example if you didn’t rant that out its still heavy and you’re sad but when you finally post it you feel like light) 48 Uhm, for me mostly I used twitter its IDI 8-6 positive for me because there are only few SS48 people able to see, and few people can see your posts unlike on facebook it’s common and you don’t have privacy like that. (IDI 8-6 SS48) (For me mostly I used twitter its positive for me because there are only few people able 6 151 to see, and few people can see your posts unlike on facebook it’s common and you don’t have privacy like that.) 49 I rant once ummh if things get too much or I IDI 9-1 feel burden with my loads or preoccupied SS49 with so much things to do and along the run also I can realize that hmm like it even made it worst especially when I think that it is not right if I do too much ranting so I stop it for a while. I would not use my twitter for how many days. I will just get back to ranting when I feel the burden again. (IDI 9-1 SS49) (I rant once if things get too much or I feel burden with my loads or preoccupied with so much things to do and along the run also I can realize that like it even made it worst especially when I think that it is not right if I do too much ranting so I stop it for a while. I would not use my twitter for how many 1 152 days. I will just get back to ranting when I feel the burden again.) 50 hmm… why I rant on social media is IDI 9-2 because of academics because there are a lot SS50 of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much uhmm demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger. (IDI 9-2 SS50) 2 153 (Why I rant on social media is because of academics because there are a lot of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger.) 51 Uhm so in twitter since that is the medium I IDI 9-3 used in ranting and only few knew as to what SS51 I rant about because ummhh of my personal, I have my integrity, my reputation that has built in my community and the school society like I should not display that I am 3 154 weak because I was also looked up by other students. So, I don’t have to rant in public, I just set aside everything because it can really affect other people you rant to especially if you have the same feelings with others. When I rant to them they could tell the same thing so I’d rather keep it on my own and we have different experiences so no one could judge you if ever you private your own rants. (IDI 9-3 SS51) (In twitter since that is the medium, I used in ranting and only few knew as to what I rant about because of my personal, I have my integrity, my reputation that has built in my community and the school society like I should not display that I am weak because I was also looked up by other students. I don’t have to rant in public, I just set aside everything because it can really affect other people you rant to especially if you have the same feelings with others. When I rant to them they could tell the same thing so id 155 rather keep it on my own and we have different experiences so no one could judge you if ever you private your own rants.) 52 Usually, when normal days I felt like I am IDI 9-4 not okay I write pieces in my notepad and SS52 also rant it over on social media. Once I write, it slowly ease the feeling of being frustrated and it lower also my temper and seems like it help me to get back to my normal functioning. When I get back to normal functioning I realized uhmm so okay this is what im done doing uhm… but atleast minimal people only can see my rant so I wont regret uhmm. At some point I am frank person so I better to get off with people talking some other things because I might cause something that could affect them at somehow. (IDI 9-4 SS52) (Usually, when normal days I felt like I am not okay I write pieces in my notepad and 4 156 also rant it over on social media. Once I write, it slowly ease the feeling of being frustrated and it lower my temper and it helps me to get back to my normal functioning. When I get back to normal functioning I realized so okay “this is what im done doing but atleast minimal people only can see my rant so I wont regret. At some point I am frank person so I better to get off with people talking some other things because I might cause something that could affect them at somehow.) 53 uhmmm it has a positive impact to those IDI 9-5 people who don’t have someone to talk to SS53 because it is like a medium where you can express on how you feel to like ummh once we get tired same when you feel too much you have to vent out to git rid the negativities within yourself. Through social media I was able to express my emotions, and what I feel I able to let it out. It has a positive impact to myself and it doesn’t 5 157 cause negative feeling but it gets me to the realization. After ranting, I able to express and later on realization goes on in like better to work on than ranting. (IDI 9-5 SS53) (It has a positive impact to those people who don’t have someone to talk to because it is like a medium where you can express on how you feel to like once we get tired same when you feel too much you have to vent out to git rid the negativities within yourself. Through social media I was able to express my emotions, and what I feel I able to let it out. It has a positive impact to myself and it doesn’t cause negative feeling but it gets me to the realization. After ranting, I able to express and later on realization goes on in like better to work on than ranting.) 54 Uhm.. sometimes being a social work, IDI 9-6 socialization should be required especially SS54 doing an activity which there is really 6 158 socialization involved. However, it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved. (IDI 9-6 SS54) 159 (Sometimes being a social work, socialization should be required especially doing an activity which there is really socialization involved. However, it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved.) 160 55 Uhmmm I rant about is more on movies, IDI 10-1 series, showbiz issues, and also I like to rant SS55 about politics but it is only opinion-based. In ranting I would discover that there are also other people out there who have the same thoughts as mine as they responded to my rants. They would respond and agree to my statement. So, I could tell that it is not only me who has this kind of thoughts but others as well. I rant also regarding a government topic and there was this random person who reacted and expressed his opposing opinion about my tweet. I was totally shocked because it feels like he’s really mad and upset so I just laughed and what I did, I deleted my tweet. I did not expect that my tweet could affect him that much. It is just my opinion though and he told me that I am not open minded, that I am childish. Starting that time, I decide to lessen the amount of opinions to be shared online about politics but more on movies. 1 161 (IDI 10-1 SS55) (I rant about is more on movies, series, showbiz issues, and also I like to rant about politics but it is only opinion-based. In ranting I would discover that there are also other people out there who have the same thoughts as mine as they responded to my rants. They would respond and agree to my statement. So, I could tell that it is not only me who has this kind of thoughts but others as well. I rant also regarding a government topic and there was this random person who reacted and expressed his opposing opinion about my tweet. I was totally shocked because it feels like he’s really mad and upset so I just laughed and what I did, I deleted my tweet. I did not expect that my tweet could affect him that much. It is just my opinion though and he told me that I am not open minded, that I am childish. Starting that time, I decide to lessen the amount of 162 opinions to be shared online about politics but more on movies.) 56 First, I rant because I can relate the topic. IDI 10-2 Second, is that I just feel like sharing my SS56 opinion just also to know if others do have the same opinion as mine. Third, is to get relieved (pahungaw) from what I feel. Mostly, as of now I rant about movies, kpop stars that I idolized, uhmm korean stuff. I am invested with my idol so when they have issues, I would really share my opinion regarding it. (IDI 10-2 SS56) (First, I rant because I can relate the topic. Second, is that I just feel like sharing my opinion just also to know if others do have the same opinion as mine. Third, is to get relieved (pahungaw) from what I feel. Mostly, as of now I rant about movies, kpop stars that I idolized, korean stuff. I am invested with my idol so when they have 2 163 issues, I would really share my opinion regarding it.) 57 It's better to rant it over on social media IDI 10-3 because I don’t have someone to talk to and SS57 can't share it to my family that’s why I rant it over on social media. Mostly my friends would react to my tweets concerning what I tweeted on twitter. Like they would tell me as well that they have the same feeling towards a certain issue. They also expressed the same feeling like for example Aljur and Kylie’s issue (showbiz). They would reply and agree to my rants. Uuhmm…then later on it fell to become a gossip of us with friends but it is more on the showbiz issue itself. I am into the artist and express my opinion on their life issues. And mostly the feeling to rant is to exhaust the self from certain issues. (IDI 10-3 SS57) 3 164 (It's better to rant it over on social media because I don’t have someone to talk to and can't share it to my family that’s why I rant it over on social media. Mostly my friends would react to my tweets concerning what I tweeted on twitter. Like they would tell me as well that they have the same feeling towards a certain issue. They also expressed the same feeling like for example Aljur and Kylie’s issue (showbiz). They would reply and agree to my rants. Then later on it fell to become a gossip of us with friends but it is more on the showbiz issue itself. I am into the artist and express my opinion on their life issues. And mostly the feeling to rant is to exhaust the self from certain issues.) 58 Uhmm honestly, sometimes I get to become IDI 10-4 anxious. I rant over about the issue of one of SS58 my Korean artists idol. I get anxious if I tweet my opinion right, I am thinking if someone would react like he doesn't believe him (Korean artist) because of his issue. 4 165 However, I received a lot of hearts and retweets. I told to myself that we have the same thoughts and opinions. I feel anxious sometimes especially I have already an experience before when someone suddenly attack me with words. Overall, when you rant like mostly negative feelings about showbiz issues, at least it lightens up the feelings. (IDI 10-4 SS58) (Honestly, sometimes I get to become anxious. I rant over about the issue of one of my Korean artists idol. I get anxious if I tweet my opinion right, I am thinking if someone would react like he doesn't believe him (Korean artist) because of his issue. However, I received a lot of hearts and retweets. I told to myself that we have the same thoughts and opinions. I feel anxious sometimes especially I have already an experience before when someone suddenly attack me with words. Overall, when you 166 rant like mostly negative feelings about showbiz issues, at least it lightens up the feelings.) 59 Uhmm When I rant, I would feel relieved IDI 10-5 and it lessens the negative feeling but the SS59 negative feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. (IDI 10-5 SS59) (When I rant, I would feel relieved and it lessens the negative feeling but the negative 5 167 feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. ) 60 can tell that the effects are positive because IDI 10-6 it makes me happy voicing out what I feel in SS60 the moment, through ranting I can help other people widen their mind to a certain issue and they will learn something about it and can relieve all the negativities I feel because sometimes there are issues that you cannot talk with people and the only way to relieve it is through ranting. 6 168 (IDI 10-6 SS60) (I can tell that the effects are positive because it makes me happy voicing out what I feel in the moment, through ranting I can help other people widen their mind to a certain issue and they will learn something about it and can relieve all the negativities I feel because sometimes there are issues that you cannot talk with people and the only way to relieve it is through ranting.) 61 hmm… since before when I was a high IDI 11-1 school student I am really into ranting on SS61 social media. It was a trend before, we post everything, every content we want to post we post on social media. My experience in ranting was all about school work before and as I grew up social issues already have been part of my rants such as politics but just lowkey a bit on that issue. And also including Kpop idols and mostly 1 169 entertainments mostly. With regards to myself, I don’t have that much to rant about. (IDI 11-1 SS61) (Since before when I was a high school student I am really into ranting on social media. It was a trend before, we post everything, every content we want to post we post on social media. My experience in ranting was all about school work before and as I grew up social issues already have been part of my rants such as politics but just lowkey a bit on that issue. And also including Kpop idols and mostly entertainments mostly. With regards to myself, I don’t have that much to rant about.) 62 uhmm… the reason why I rant on social IDI 11-2 media is because of the audience, especially SS62 if the point is a serious matter. I want everyone to know about certain issues. The ranting is more on sometimes mental health 2 170 awareness, encouragement not totally not always pure rants. If I rant that revolves on social concerns. About personal matters, I did not put on social media anymore. I am particular social issues regarding the thoughts of other people about the specific issue like about uhmm depression, when people don’t believe about it and as a psych major I share specific post and I rant why people are like this and that… second is I rant over about the artist that I idolized who get bashed. With regards to social issues, it is about the pandemic like mass testing and enough ayuda. I was able to rant about it. (IDI 11-2 SS62) (The reason why I rant on social media is because of the audience, especially if the point is a serious matter. I want everyone to know about certain issues. The ranting is more on sometimes mental health awareness, encouragement not totally not always pure rants. If I rant that revolves on 171 social concerns. About personal matters, I did not put on social media anymore. I am particular social issues regarding the thoughts of other people about the specific issue like about depression, when people don’t believe about it and as a psych major I share specific post and I rant why people are like this and that… second is I rant over about the artist that I idolized who get bashed. With regards to social issues, it is about the pandemic like mass testing and enough ayuda. I was able to rant about it.) 63 I think social media is a platform where we IDI 11-3 are free to express ourselves especially SS63 today, we are using gadgets and our lives evolve in social media and when there are some specific thing I want to voice out I always rant it on social media but I also make sure that I don’t rant everything about my life, private matters since social media has a huge audience like one wrong click it could affect you and the people around you. 3 172 I can rant to a certain person but today when there is social media and if I want to voice out my thoughts, social media could be a nice platform to use. (IDI 11-3 SS63) (I think social media is a platform where we are free to express ourselves especially today, we are using gadgets and our lives evolve in social media and when there are some specific thing I want to voice out I always rant it on social media but I also make sure that I don’t rant everything about my life, private matters since social media has a huge audience like one wrong click it could affect you and the people around you. I can rant to a certain person but today when there is social media and if I want to voice out my thoughts, social media could be a nice platform to use. ) 64 There are times that ranting gives you satisfaction especially when you already IDI 11-4 4 173 voice out your thoughts about a specific topic and there times as well for example, I share my opinion and they oppose my opinion and it feels like there is a debate going to happen. That moment I would feel challenged and thrilled by the person who has different thoughts about my rant so I would do my best to encourage him that this is my stand about the certain issue. But the main emotion you could feel in ranting is satisfaction that you were able to relieve your emotion. (IDI 11-4 SS64) (There are times that ranting gives you satisfaction especially when you already voice out your thoughts about a specific topic and there times as well for example, I share my opinion and they oppose my opinion and it feels like there is a debate going to happen. That moment I would feel challenged and thrilled by the person who has different thoughts about my rant so I SS64 174 would do my best to encourage him that this is my stand about the certain issue. But the main emotion you could feel in ranting is satisfaction that you were able to relieve your emotion.) 65 Uhmm…. Ranting can affect my emotions. IDI 11-5 For instance, I have this experience where I SS65 feel upset about one post concerning cheating issues and I give my thoughts. I get really upset while typing my thoughts and the issue really frustrates me. And after the ranting moment, days after the ranting I looked back to my timeline seeing that certain rant of mine It is weird because you have a specific emotion to feel for a moment and you rant it to social media. Then days to come as you see it again, like the emotions you have experienced at that moment are already no more. For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it 5 175 affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied. (IDI 11-5 SS65) (Ranting can affect my emotions. For instance, I have this experience where I feel upset about one post concerning cheating issues and I give my thoughts. I get really upset while typing my thoughts and the issue really frustrates me. And after the ranting moment, days after the ranting I looked back to my timeline seeing that certain rant of mine It is weird because you have a specific emotion to feel for a moment and you rant it to social media. Then days to come as you see it again, like the emotions you have experienced at that moment are already no more. For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied.) 176 66 For me the effect is both positive and IDI 11-6 6 negative because when others would agree SS66 would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied. (IDI 11-6 SS66) (For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied.) 67 My experience since I rant about uhmm IDI 12-1 actually I am into ranting about politics as of SS67 now since the election is getting near and also, I rant about uhm academics because it stresses me out. Mostly my experience is what I felt for the day. For example, I'm happy I rant about it on social media like I share what I feel. Ranting makes me happy 1 177 just like that because you were able to express your feelings. (IDI 12-1 SS67) (My experience since I rant about actually, I am into ranting about politics as of now since the election is getting near and also, I rant about academics because it stresses me out. Mostly my experience is what I felt for the day. For example, I'm happy I rant about it on social media like I share what I feel. Ranting makes me happy just like that because you were able to express your feelings.) 68 Causes include as well my personal life IDI 12-2 aside from what I have mentioned about SS68 politics and academic concerns. (IDI 12-2 SS68) (Causes include as well my personal life aside from what I have mentioned about politics and academic concerns.) 2 178 69 I wanted to rant about it on social media IDI 12-3 instead of telling some about it because there SS69 are some people who would talk about talking about things over and over again like they could tell that you are just always telling how tired you are. So, because of that, it made me to just rant it over on the social media for me not to hear responses I am always talking the same thing over and over again (IDI 12-3 SS69) (I wanted to rant about it on social media instead of telling some about it because there are some people who would talk about talking about things over and over again like they could tell that you are just always telling how tired you are. So, because of that, it made me to just rant it over on the social media for me not to hear responses I am always talking the same thing over and over again.) 3 179 70 I actually feel okay after ranting on social IDI 12-4 4 media. Not to the extent you feel too much SS70 happiness but you would just feel okay after you express what you feel. I am relieved. (IDI 12-4 SS70) (I actually feel okay after ranting on social media. Not to the extent you feel too much happiness but you would just feel okay after you express what you feel. I am relieved.) 71 It affects me emotionally like uhm for IDI 12-5 example I rant and the words I use if SS71 exaggerating then I actually feel uhm like more of a relief and then emotionally I am okay with it. (IDI 12-5 SS71) (It affects me emotionally like uhm for example I rant and the words I use if exaggerating then I actually feel uhm like 5 180 more of a relief and then emotionally I am okay with it.) 72 After ranting sometimes, I feel okay, IDI 12-6 sometimes I don’t. Emotionally sometimes SS72 it can hurt like when I read the things that I try to express to the social media it will repeatedly come to my mind and when I visit on my timeline and I keep seeing that post I feel sad about it and emotionally I will get carried away with my feelings and emotion. But it depends what content I rant on social media. There is also sometimes I will just never mind who would get upset with what I posted. Just like that. And for me, ranting is positive action because I was able to express what I feel and then it’s a relief after I tried to express it to words. (IDI 12-6 SS72) (After ranting sometimes, I feel okay, sometimes I don’t. Emotionally sometimes it can hurt like when I read the things that I 6 181 try to express to the social media it will repeatedly come to my mind and when I visit on my timeline and I keep seeing that post I feel sad about it and emotionally I will get carried away with my feelings and emotion. But it depends what content I rant on social media. There is also sometimes I will just never mind who would get upset with what I posted. Just like that. And for me, ranting is positive action because I was able to express what I feel and then it’s a relief after I tried to express it to words.) 73 My experience ranting on social media ahh…about online class. Then IDI 13-1 the SS73 experience is, based on my experience in online class is it is struggle plus I don’t have enough resources that’s why I rant like to bring back the face-to-face hopefully soon. Ahm, there are times I rant but eventually I delete it once I feel relief. (IDI 13-1 SS73) 1 182 (My experience ranting on social media is about online class. Then, based on my experience in online class it is struggle plus I don’t have enough resources that’s why I rant like I want to bring back the face-to-face hopefully soon. There are times I rant but eventually I delete it once I feel relief.) 74 Miss, if I see that something wrong. The IDI 13-2 causes of my ranting on social media is if I SS74 can see something that I don’t like or against with the opinions of other miss. Random topics like politics and online class. (IDI 13-2 SS74) (If I see that something is wrong. The causes of my ranting on social media is when I see something that I don’t like or against with the opinions of others. Random topics like politics and online class.) 2 183 75 Facebook miss, that’s the only social media IDI 13-3 3 account I have. Because I’m not used to SS75 twitter and Instagram. (IDI 13-3 SS75) (Facebook, that’s the only social media account I have. Because I’m not used to twitter and Instagram.) 76 Guilty and then delete it later because, first IDI 13-4 miss before I rant, I am not thinking about it. SS76 I am being impulsive miss. And then later, I realized that I was wrong on ranting without thinking. (IDI 13-4 SS76) (Guilty and then delete it later because, before I rant, I am not thinking about it. I am being impulsive. And then later, I realized that I was wrong on ranting without thinking.) 4 184 77 Before ranting miss, I feel like I’m really IDI 13-5 5 against. Like, I feel angry that’s why I can SS77 rant. Then after is I feel guilt. Sometimes I could say that if am able to express myself I feel satisfied. But then, I have this realization that ranting is not always good, positive vibes only. (IDI 13-5 SS77) (Before ranting, I feel like I’m really against. Like, I feel angry that’s why I can rant. Then after, I feel guilt. Sometimes I could say that if I’m able to express myself I feel satisfied. But then, I have this realization that ranting is not always good, positive vibes only.) 78 I am not comfortable if I rant bcause I will IDI 13-6 feel guilt later on. It’s negative for me that’s SS78 why I stop it. Because I realized that it is not good and it can ruin your reputation. (IDI 13-6 SS78) 6 185 (I am not comfortable if I rant because I will feel guilt later on. It’s negative for me that’s why I stop it. Because I realized that it is not good and it can ruin my reputation.) 79 Ahm, in general ahh…my way of ranting is IDI 14-1 ahm, somewhat a pave way to release stress SS79 as in IRL or in real life I don’t really stress like ahm, destroying things cause I do that in my mind but rather yeah, instead I post or rant in social media making status or make chat with my close friends about what I’ve been through so that’s my way of ranting. But there was one time that I made an issue in the school like in third year high school, like I was so stress as a class president at that time that the way I relieve stress was a…I use my cousins Facebook account then post about pretending that rest in peace something like that. Like yeah, it was not an intentional reaction towards how the people around reacted. I just wanted to see what were their reactions. But unexpectedly they 1 186 believe then to the point that many of them go to our house. It was a bad experience for me. But in general, it felt somewhat satisfying except that experience of posting fake news about me passing away. But that experience is a way of relieving stress for me. (IDI 14-1 SS79) (In general, my way of ranting is somewhat a pave way to release stress in real life I don’t really stress like destroying things because I do that in my mind but rather instead, I post or rant in social media making status or make chat with my close friends about what I’ve been through so that’s my way of ranting. But there was one time that I made an issue in the school like in third year high school, like I was so stress as a class president at that time that the way I relieve stress was, I use my cousins Facebook account then post about pretending that rest in peace something like 187 that. Like, it was not an intentional reaction towards how the people around reacted. I just wanted to see what were their reactions. But unexpectedly they believe, then to the point that many of them go to our house. It was a bad experience for me. But in general, it felt somewhat satisfying except that experience of posting fake news about me passing away. But that experience is a way of relieving stress for me.) 80 The causes, because of what I’ve been IDI 14-2 through like ahm, stress at school, stress at SS80 work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like ahh… what I’ve been through like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ing-ana dayon” so yeah, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting. 2 188 (IDI 14-2 SS80) (The causes, because of what I’ve been through like stress at school, stress at work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like what I’ve been through, like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ingana dayon” so, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting.) 81 Facebook, since I’m not that active on IDI 14-3 twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve mention SS82 since I cannot do it in real life like, I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to 3 189 social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress. (IDI 14-3 SS81) (Facebook, since I’m not that active on twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve mention since I cannot do it in real life like, I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress.) 82 Ahm, there are some faces in my end like IDI 14-4 pre, during and post ranting, like pre is I will SS82 think like what to type and what to post something like that. I’ll make a draft in my head so that’s the pre. Then my feeling was that is the ahh… the anticipation. Then during, is how I will make my draft like in 4 190 my mind what will I type then along the way I’ll edit, I will check the grammar so I will not be embarrassed. Then post, after ranting I feel satisfied it’s like my anger is lost. With my experience I felt relieve watching the reaction but there’s some regrets as well. (IDI 14-4 SS82) (There are some faces in my end like pre, during and post ranting, like pre is I will think like what to type and what to post something like that. I’ll make a draft in my head so that’s the pre. Then my feeling was the anticipation. Then during, is how I will make my draft like in my mind what will I type then along the way I’ll edit, I will check the grammar so I will not be embarrassed. Then post, after ranting I feel satisfied it’s like my anger is lost. With my experience I felt relieve watching the reaction but there’s some regrets as well.) 191 83 Okay this is quite difficult. Honestly, there IDI 14-5 5 is none for me like ahm, there’s I have the SS83 same emotions for me in pre and post because in pre ranting I get angry but not to the point that I get suicidal something like that. Then in post, for me is like it’s gone like myself return to my normal self, way before I experience stress. (IDI 14-5 SS83) (Okay this is quite difficult. Honestly, there is none for me like I have the same emotions for me in pre and post because in pre ranting I get angry but not to the point that I get suicidal something like that. Then in post, for me is like it’s gone like myself return to my normal self, way before I experience stress.) 84 It has negative views about other people’s IDI 14-6 reaction since I made an issue about it like I SS84 mentioned before. But in my end or emotional self it gave a positive effect. So, 6 192 if I’m to add up there are two sides for me, like it’s the best and positive way for me but it depends on the content of my rant it might give a negative effect for other people. (IDI 14-6 SS84) (It has negative views about other people’s reaction since I made an issue about it like I mentioned before. But in my end or emotional self it gave a positive effect. So, if I’m to add up there are two sides for me, like it’s the best and positive way for me but it depends on the content of my rant it might give a negative effect for other people.) 85 Ahm, actually it’s good, because you know IDI 15-1 I get to release or vent out the negative SS85 energies or stress in me that I’ve been keeping and then ahm, sometimes it feels so good when ahm, the person that you wanted to ahm, release your anger to is they understand so it’s like that there’s a sense of fulfilment that (sigh) Thank you like that. 1 193 And sometimes it’s just ahm, on a random day like I rant I think almost every day I rant miss yeah but it’s just like my way of releasing my emotion that’s it. (IDI 15-1 SS85) (Actually, it’s good because you know I get to release or vent out the negative energies or stress in me that I’ve been keeping and then sometimes it feels so good when the person that you wanted to release your anger to is they understand so it’s like that there’s a sense of fulfilment that thank you like that. And sometimes it’s just on a random day like I rant I think almost every day I rant but it’s just like my way of releasing my emotion that’s it.) 86 Hmm…causes? like when I have a bad day IDI 15-2 that’s when I get irritated. Ahm, right now SS86 more on academics like this teacher is like this and the discussion could have been better if it’s like this. I rant personal issues 2 194 sometimes like about my friends because I feel like I did not reciprocate the amount of affection that I give to them. So that’s why I rant because I don’t have any means to share my feelings. (IDI 15-2 SS86) (Causes like when I have a bad day that’s when I get irritated. Right now, more on academics like this teacher is like this and the discussion could have been better if it’s like this. I rant personal issues sometimes like about my friends because I feel like I did not reciprocate the amount of affection that I give to them. So that’s why I rant because I don’t have any means to share my feelings.) 87 Ahm, twitter because there nobody ahm, a IDI 15-3 few only knows me in that account so I can SS87 just do whatever I want. Most likely I only rant on twitter. It’s like my diary in an online setting. 3 195 (IDI 15-3 SS87) (Twitter, because there few only knows me in that account so I can just do whatever I want. Most likely I only rant on twitter. It’s like my diary in an online setting.) 88 Ahm, first I feel ahm, relieve and there’s a IDI 15-4 4 sugar rush while typing. Yes, and after once SS88 posting it like (sigh) finally I feel relief that the memory or experience is now gone and I can move on, like that. (IDI 15-4 SS88) (First, I feel relieve and you feel there’s a sugar rush while typing. Yes, and after posting it like finally I feel relief that the memory or experience is now gone and I can move on like that.) 89 Ahm, affect my emotion? Ahm, during IDI 15-5 ranting I feel angry but like not in a state that SS89 is super angry as in that you don’t have netiquette already something like that. Ahh, 5 196 I still construct my words that I want to put out in the media because that is still media. And even if I’m angry I still try my best to be appropriate enough like I don’t curse I don’t do that. Ahm…I just let words flow in until my anger vanishes away like that miss. And once I get to upload it (sigh) finally ahm, yeah, my anger seizes in me. (IDI 15-5 SS89) (During ranting I feel angry but like not in a state that is super angry as in that you don’t have netiquette already something like that. I still construct my words that I want to put out in the media because that is still media. And even if I’m angry I still try my best to be appropriate enough like I don’t curse, I don’t do that I just let words flow in until my anger vanishes away like that. And once I get to upload it finally my anger seizes in me.) 197 90 Effects, it made me ahm, it made me IDI 15-6 somehow reflect miss my previous emotion. SS90 Like example looking back scrolling back in my account I could realize and reminisce the time I wasn’t in myself so if I were to go back to this time, I should have done this or ahm, it helps in my repress emotion to bring back the memories. It also gives thrill. It is positive because at the end of the day ahm, I don’t rant to attack other people or like other. People always have negative connotation about ranting like “attention seeker” something like that. But ahm, for me it’s just like expressing how my day went, how devastating it is or how randomly messed up it is, so for me it’s positive miss. (IDI 15-6 SS90) (It made me somehow reflect my previous emotion. Like example looking back scrolling back in my account I could realize and reminisce the time I wasn’t in myself so if I were to go back up to this time, I thought 6 198 of should have done this or it helps in my repress emotion to bring back the memories. It also gives thrill. It is positive because at the end of the day, I don’t rant to attack other people or like other. People always have negative connotation about ranting like “attention seeker” something like that. But for me it’s just like expressing how my day went, how devastating it is or how randomly messed up it is, so for me it’s positive.) 91 Ahm, many times, like it’s not really many IDI 16-1 times like I still could count cause I was SS91 never the type before to rant on social media like, I just like to keep it myself my own problem. But lately, I’ve became comfortable now expressing on social media. Maybe because also of the situation that I am no longer you know having physical conversation with my friends so that is why. Cause before we could still physically talk to them but now, we are all 1 199 moving virtually. I rant before pandemic but not virtually. (IDI 16-1 SS91) (Many times, like it’s not really many times I still could count because I was never the type of person before to rant on social media, I just like to keep it myself my own problem. But lately, I’ve became comfortable now expressing on social media. Maybe because also of the situation that I am no longer having physical conversation with my friends so that is why. Because before we could still physically talk to them but now, we are all moving virtually. I already rant before pandemic crisis but not virtually.) 92 A lot, like there’s a variety of causes ahm, IDI 16-2 but the overbearing reason why I rant on SS92 social media it could be because of my academic situation, responsibilities, academic stress. academic 2 200 (IDI 16-2 SS92) (A lot, like there’s a variety of causes, but the overbearing reason why I rant on social media is because of my academic situation, academic responsibilities, and academic stress.) 93 Facebook and twitter, because in twitter IDI 16-3 ahm, I’m much more comfortable ranting on SS93 twitter because I have few mutual like there’s no bigger audience. And in Facebook as well, ahm, in Facebook I have many friends compare to my twitter but ahm, I am comfortable cause it made me feel that there is someone I could share to. Cause sometimes my friends are busy and you need to let out your emotions already that’s why. (IDI 16-3 SS93) (Facebook and twitter, I am more comfortable ranting on twitter because I have few mutual like there’s no bigger audience. And in Facebook as well, in 3 201 Facebook I have many friends compare to my twitter but I am comfortable because it made me feel that there is someone I could share to because sometimes my friends are busy and you feel the need to let out your emotions already that’s why.) 94 Ahm, initially I really feel fine you feel like IDI 16-4 it’s less burden because you let it out then SS94 right afterwards like a few hours or a few minutes I usually feels anxious, anxiety like what if my status is I was too negative and then I have friends dealing with problems as well then, they could read and they might think of it also, I feel like I might spread more negativity or negative vibe towards them so I feel anxious. But then I would think that I might be valid also cause I’m feeling negative as well. There is really ahm, satisfaction after ranting. (IDI 16-4 SS94) 4 202 (Initially, I really feel fine. I feel like less burden because I let it out then right afterwards like a few hours or a few minutes I usually feels anxious, anxiety like what if in my status is I was too negative and then I have friends dealing with problems as well then, they could read and they might think of it also, I feel like I might spread more negativity or negative vibe towards them so I feel anxious. But then I would think that I might be valid also cause I’m feeling negative as well. There is really satisfaction after ranting.) 95 Hmm, ahm… like ahm at this time like I’m IDI 16-5 in an outburst, there is this one-time that I’m SS95 really peace off and then I then turn to twitter to tweet about my anger and then right after twitting miss my anger subside like (sigh) ahh! finally. Before ranting emotions are way too heavy like it’s too strong. But if you let it out, it’s like when you’re updating your status and it’s all about 5 203 what were you feeling it is like you’re expressing your emotions. (IDI 16-5 SS95) (At this time like I’m in an outburst, there is this one-time that I’m really peace off and then I go to twitter to tweet about my anger and then right after twitting my anger subside like finally. Before, ranting emotions are way too heavy like it’s too strong. But if you let it out, it’s like when you’re updating your status and you share your feelings and expressing your emotions.) 96 Ahh, for the most striking part it does make IDI 16-6 me feel good honestly, cause it’s the same SS96 thing of like telling people or making people aware of how I’m feeling. Other people would say, (in my defense) instead of ranting on social media why would just share to people but for me, if there’s one certain person you could share to and he’s 6 204 not available at the moment you lifted no choice. It does really make me feel good at a certain point and it lightens the mood the emotions that you’re feeling. (IDI 16-6 SS96) (For the most striking part it does make me feel good honestly, because it’s the same thing of like telling people or making people aware of how I’m feeling. Other people would say, (in my defense) instead of ranting on social media why would just share to people but for me, if there’s one certain person you could share to and he’s not available at the moment you lifted no choice. Hence, It does really make me feel good at a certain point and it lightens the mood and emotions that you’re feeling.) 205 APPENDIX F-1 FORMULATON OF CORE MEANINGS SIGNIFICANT RESPONSE/SIGNIFICANT FORMULATED STATEMENT STATEMENTS MEANING # 1 Ahh Through, usually most FM1-Twitter and Facebook common social media platform are popular social media nowadays, like twitter or facebook. platforms for ranting, and I always rant through these social they serve to relieve strain media platform aside from, it’s a or stress form of stress reliever, it is also numerous caused circumstances break from academic stress, Hmm such as academic issues. Also many people would relate and be able to read my rants. (IDI 1-1 SS 1) (usually most common social media platform nowadays, like twitter or facebook. I always rant through these social media platform aside by 206 from, it’s a form of stress reliever, it is also break from academic stress, Also many people would relate and be able to read my rants.) 2 Ahmm, aside from what I have said FM2- Many people can earlier that many people would relate to ranting, and it can relate, it is also possible that the also address the person who person causes why I was ranting provoked the ranter to rant. would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it. (IDI 1-2 SS2) (aside from what I have said earlier that many people would relate, it is also possible that the person causes why I was ranting would read it, and also I was hoping that person should read it and make point out of it.) 3 Hhmmmm Many of my friends FM3- Sympathy is obtained would give sympathy, ranting on by ranting, which lightens 207 social media makes lighter for me the mood and boosts the than talking with the professionals. ego, particularly when My friends would also build up my other people agree with the ego through commenting and liking rants. my post or rants. (IDI 1-3 SS3) (Many of my friends would give sympathy, ranting on social media makes lighter for me than talking with the professionals. My friends would also build up my ego through commenting and liking my post or rants.) 4 Ahhhh Ranting it out in social FM4- The act of ranting on media would give myself a relief, social media provides relief hmmmm It also be a break from and serves as a stress my academic stress. It is a stress reliever. reliever for me. (IDI 1-4 SS4) 208 (Ranting it out in social media would give myself a relief, It also be a break from my academic stress. It is a stress reliever for me.) 5 It’s not really could give off my FM5- Although anger hmmm but it could somehow does not lighten my mood. ranting completely remove a ranter's wrath, it does lighten the mood for a (IDI 1-5 SS5) time. (It’s not really could give off my anger but it could somehow lighten my mood.) 6 It lightens my self, I am not aiming FM6-When ranting, the to release my anger, at least there is ranter feels as if there is someone who is willing to listen to someone open to listening, me. which can help to ease the tension. (IDI 1-6 SS6) (It lightens my self, I am not aiming to release my anger, at least there is 209 someone who is willing to listen to me.) 7 Basically, my experiences, ahhhh, I FM7- Ranter rave on social don’t have really a preference on media about one specific what rant, unlike rant on political problem, but it's frequently views. It is really on a certain topic more about the ranter's with a certain person. I’m not really dislike of other people. limited to one certain issue. So, I basically rant basing on how the person is, ahhhhh.. showing his/her attitude towards me. (IDI 2-1 SS7) (Basically, my experiences, I don’t have really a preference on what rant, unlike rant on political views. It is really on a certain topic with a certain person. I’m not really limited to one certain issue. So, I basically rant basing on how the person is, showing his/her attitude towards me.) 210 8 Basically, annoying people, that’s FM8- Annoying really my trigger point, specially individuals drive the ranter when they use social media as well to vent on social media. to annoy me. So, I really just use the social media but I also ahhh.. so yes that’s really the main cause, the annoying people. (IDI 2-2 SS8) (Basically, annoying people, that’s really my trigger point, specially when they use social media as well to annoy me. So, I really just use the social media but I also . so yes that’s really the main cause, the annoying people.) 9 Most of my rants, specially on social FM9- Ranting on social media are not really intended to media is a way to express point out names. So, Ahhhhh I just uncommon feelings and the want to rant it out on social media so need to get things out. that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, hmmm because 211 actually when I rant I just want to let things out. ( IDI 2-3 SS9) (Most of my rants, specially on social media are not really intended to point out names. So, I just want to rant it out on social media so that I could let it out the manner that it is not usual, because actually when I rant I just want to let things out.) 10 Sometimes I would laugh at it, I feel FM10- Ranter like.. I feel relieved actually you satisfaction derives from know, to let thing out but not to hurt expressing himself without someone, so it’s just a self causing harm to others. satisfactory. ( IDI 2-4 SS10) (Sometimes I would laugh at it, I feel relieved actually you know, to let things out but not to hurt 212 someone, so it’s just a selfsatisfactory.) 11 Ahhhhh, In my daily, In my overall FM11- The emotion emotion a day it doesn’t have a generated by ranting will really big impact, because I do rant pass quickly; the sentiments on social media but it is not really will only be felt temporarily die hard ranting you know, like which can not affect the ahhhh, getting into an argument it’s entire mood of the ranter. just a way of letting off, I’m just gonna feel like some sort of happiness for a moment but it doesn’t really affect my mood for the day. ( IDI 2-5 SS11) ( In my daily, In my overall emotion a day it doesn’t have a really big impact, because I do rant on social media but it is not really die hard ranting you know, like getting into an argument it’s just a way of letting off, I’m just gonna feel like some 213 sort of happiness for a moment but it doesn’t really affect my mood for the day.) 12 Well, ahhh I’m really a jolly person, FM12- The ranter did not I’m not really into like taking things take things as seriously as like ahhhh, like taking problems too he should have in order to seriously just to, because I try to prevent stress. avoid stress . ( IDI 2-6 SS12) (Well, I’m really a jolly person, I’m not really into like taking things like taking problems too seriously just to, because I try to avoid stress . 13 Ahhhhmmm, I often on ranting, FM13- Ranter frequently especially in twitter. Sometimes I vents on Twitter encounter bashes from other people, encounters critics. when they don’t accept my opinions. That is why they bash my rants. and 214 (IDI 3-1 SS13) (I often o ranting, especially in twitter. Sometimes I encounter bashes from other people, when they don’t accept my opinions. That is why they bash my rants.) 14 Hmmmm, I think due to stress, then FM14- Because of stress, you will just project yourself with people rant on social media other things, because you can not and use it to depict their express it in real life and you will feelings and selves. just portray your social media self. (IDI 3-2 SS14) (I think due to stress, then you will just project yourself with other things, because you can not express it in real life and you will just portray your social media self.) 15 I think it is because, hmmm. When FM15- Unlike ranting someone portraying it in real life throughout person, ranting people really bashes you in person, on social media avoids 215 but in social media you can mask being attacked and allows yourself as someone, like you will for self-disclosure via a not disclose yourself by using other dummy account. identification. (IDI 3-3 SS15) (I think it is because, When someone portraying it in real life people really bashes you in person, but in social media you can mask yourself as someone, like you will not disclose yourself by using other identification.) 16 Sometimes relief, sometimes it FM16- Ranting provides makes you more stress. But mostly both relief and stress, but it it can relief the burdens you are is primarily used to relieve having. (IDI 3-4 SS16) (Sometimes relief, sometimes it makes you more stress. But mostly burdens. 216 it can relief the burdens you are having.) 17 It makes enraged, actually it is not FM17- While ranting on healthy but social media is my social media can be used as escape but overall it makes me a means of escape, it is enraged. toxic to one's emotional health. (IDI 3-5 SS17) (It makes enraged, actually it is not healthy but social media is my escape but overall it makes me enraged.) 18 Ahhhhh, Like I said enraged, FM18- While ranting may instead of confronting my emotion arouse negative emotions, and to find whatsoever solution my of my ranters continue to rant problem is, because it provides a sense hmmmm I chose ranting even of calm when expressing though it not healthy and it is emotions. exposed on social media. It is not good for me but it becomes a habit. Even no ones pays attention, hmmm 217 at least I express my emotions and that affects me for now with enraged but sometimes it gives me calmness. (IDI 3-6 SS18) (Like I said enraged, instead of confronting my emotion and to find solution of my whatsoever my problem is, I chose ranting even though it not healthy and it is exposed on social media. It is not good for me but it becomes a habit. Even no one pays attention, at least I express my emotions and that affects me for now with enraged but sometimes it gives me calmness.) 19 Hmmmmm, Actually, I have a lot of FM19- Ranter use social experiences on ranting, like Ahhhh, media to express their for example about the issue of a intense emotions about an policeman who shot two persons in issue that violates personal front of his daughter and in front of life morals and is illegal. the family he shot. ahhmmm It is 218 unlawful and immoral for me and that is why I rant it over on social media to express my hatred towards that policeman. (IDI 4-1 SS19) (Actually, I have a lot of experiences on ranting, like for example about the issue of a policeman who shot two persons in front of his daughter and in front of the family he shot. It is unlawful and immoral for me and that is why I rant it over on social media to express my hatred towards that policeman.) 20 Okay, I rant on social it is because FM20- Rants on social of its coverage, if you want to voice media allow people to air out your opinions, also you have their opinions and interact bigger audience and interactions with others bigger with others. 219 (IDI 4-2 SS20) (Okay, I rant on social it is because of its coverage, if you want to voice out your opinions, also you have bigger audience and bigger interactions with others.) 21 Ahhhmmmm, I rant on social media FM21- Ranters rant on due to my triggering point that you social media to express need to express rather than keeping triggering factors and to it to yourself. Hmmm I am a type of gain sympathy from others. person where I want someone to know what is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants (IDI 4-3 SS21) (I rant on social media due to my triggering point that you need to express rather than keeping it to yourself. I am a type of person where I want someone to know what 220 is my feelings and I want someone to know my rants.) 22 Of course after you rant you will FM22- When others tend to feel relax and overwhelm because of agree with the rants, it those people who will agree with relaxes and overwhelms. you (IDI 4-4 SS22) (Of course after you rant you will feel relax and overwhelm because of those people who will agree with you) 23 Ahhmm, It could actually affect my FM23- Ranting can affect emotion, anger will be never be the ranters’ emotions in absent. Hmmmmm, But there are different ways, such as the times you will feel guilty when feeling of guilt and ranting on social media because concerns they may impart maybe someone will be affected. (IDI 4-5 SS23) to others who read the rants. 221 (It could actually affect my emotion, anger will be never be absent. But there are times you will feel guilty when ranting on social media because maybe someone will be affected. 24 Hhmmmmm, In my viewpoint there FM24- Social media is positive effect because you are ranting has both positive acknowledging your emotions, your and negative consequences. thoughts and something like that, It is positive in the sense hmmmm, also there is negative that emotions will be effect, as we all know social media acknowledged, but it is has bigger audience and this negative in the sense that audience will agree with you it rants may have an impact could affect the person who is the on the subject of the rants. topic of your rant. (IDI 4-6 SS24) (In my viewpoint there is positive effect because you are acknowledging your emotions, your thoughts and something like that, 222 also there is negative effect, as we all know social media has bigger audience and this audience will agree with you it could affect the person who is the topic of your rant.) 25 Personally, I don’t really rant on FM25- Twitter is a more facebook and instagram I do rant on popular platform for twitter but it is private and it is not venting than other social public, followers are chosen and media platforms such as that’s why I rant there like inner facebook and instagram, as ahm inner thoughts like that but it is followers are only chosen to not like revealing everything. (IDI 5-1 SS25) (Personally, I don’t really rant on facebook and instagram I do rant on twitter but it is private and it is not public, followers are chosen and that’s why I rant there like inner thoughts like that but it is not like revealing everything) see the rants 223 26 Well, maybe it’s my way uhm of FM26-It's as if having venting, I don’t really open with my someone to talk to on social friends and my family like that, it is media has been a release like my way of releasing of what channel for emotional I’ve feel it feels like it’s my way of concerns. thinking that I have someone I can talk to like that. Releasing what I’ve feel, like that (IDI 5-2 SS26) (Well, maybe it’s my way of venting, I don’t really open up with my friends and my family like that, it is like my way of releasing of what I’ve feel it feels like it’s my way of thinking that I have someone I can talk to like that. Releasing what I’ve feel, like that) 27 There is no deeper reason but like I FM27- There's no reason to just want to, there is no deeper rant on social media at all. 224 meaning or deeper reason why I rant, yeah (IDI 5-3 SS27) (There is no deeper reason but like I just want to, there is no deeper meaning or deeper reason why I rant) 28 Not really, there are times I know I FM28- Ranting will just feel like somewhat I’d released what yield a neutral feeling. It I’d feel but not fully. I don’t really can release feelings, but feel good after and I don’t also feel they never last after the act bad either somewhat in the middle. (IDI 5-4 SS28) (Not really, there are times I know I feel like somewhat I’d released what I’d feel but not fully. I don’t really feel good after and I don’t also feel bad either somewhat in the middle) of ranting. 225 29 Uhm, sometimes I felt guilty right FM29- After ranting on after and regret right after because I social media, one gets a feel like it is wrong, it is not worth sense of relief and guilt. to share in that platform somewhat like that, sometimes I feel relieve, like that and relieve through ranting on twitter (IDI 5-5 SS29) (Sometimes I felt guilty right after and regret right after because I feel like it is wrong, it is not worth to share in that platform somewhat like that, sometimes I feel relieve like that and relieve through ranting on twitter) 30 It doesn’t really make difference but FM30- The ranter feels as if as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes they have someone to talk me feel like I’m talking to someone, to through social media I feel like even though I don’t share ranting, which helps relieve to my friends and family I feel like I their thoughts and feelings. 226 have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings. (IDI 5-6 SS30) (It doesn’t really make difference but as I’ve said earlier it kind of makes me feel like I’m talking to someone, I feel like even though I don’t share to my friends and family I feel like I have someone to converse with and relieved my thoughts and feelings.) 31 Uhm, before way back junior high FM31- Social media has school 9th grade or 10th grade I rant evolved into a diary filled loudly on social media going SHS, I with rants that oppose the rant loudly on social media. I make ranter's point of view. it as my diary and rant anything that opposes my stand, I post it. (IDI 6-1 SS31) 227 (Before way back junior high school 9th grade or 10th grade I rant loudly on social media going SHS, I rant loudly on social media. I make it as my diary and rant anything that opposes my stand, I post it.) 32 Maybe because I don’t have friends FM32- Due to the lack of a to talk to and I don’t have rant buddy person to so what would I do is I will post it in ranters vent speak with, on social social media and didn’t care if media, which serves as a someone would like or comment as sounding board. long as I can write my rant on the social media platform I chose to express myself and to release what I’ve feel. (IDI 6-2 SS32) Maybe because I don’t have friends to talk to and I don’t have rant buddy so what would I do is I will post it in social media and didn’t care if 228 someone would like or comment as long as I can write my rant on the social media platform I chose to express myself and to release what I’ve feel. 33 Mine would be, on twitter I decide FM33-Ranters to rant on twitter it’s because there Twitter over prefer Facebook is no judgmental person on twitter because it is judgementand they didn’t care and mind, they free. will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook (IDI 6-3 SS33) 229 (Mine would be, on twitter I decide to rant on twitter it’s because there is no judgmental person on twitter and they didn’t care and mind, they will not ask questions and they don’t reply about your rants. Sometimes, unlike on facebook there are a lot of people who will comment and they will take screenshots and make it to use a gossip. I weigh everything, if I will rant and if I don’t like someone is talking about it then I’ll rant on twitter and sometimes if I want someone that I can talk to then I’ll post on facebook) 34 At first I feel a little bit relieved FM34- Ranting on social because it seems like nothing, it media seems like I don’t feel the heaviness comforts relieves the and ranter, just because I don’t have someone particularly when there is to talk to, so if I can rant on my no one to express with. social media account I feel comfort. 230 I feel a little bit of happy because I am able to express myself. (IDI 6-4 SS34) (At first I feel a little bit relieved because it seems like nothing, it seems like I don’t feel the heaviness just because I don’t have someone to talk to, so if I can rant on my social media account I feel comfort. I feel a little bit of happy because I am able to express myself.) 35 Ahh, it depends on facebook after I FM35- Ranting relieves rant on facebook there is a tendency feelings, but it deteriorates that I have an enemy after when someone tries to expressing I feel relieved and next debate. Responses from thing I would feel angry because I’ll others have an impact on get heated if I have someone feelings after ranting. debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by 231 finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because i feel lonely and I feel like I’m alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. (IDI 6-5 SS35) It depends on facebook after I rant on facebook there is a tendency that I have an enemy after expressing I feel relieved and next thing I would feel angry because I’ll get heated if I have someone debated but I don’t do personal is just like I’ll get heated of our argument. I want to inform them that they are wrong, like that by finding facts that supports my stands then on twitter I rant because I feel lonely and I feel like I’m alone and I don’t have someone to talk about my personal problems like that. 232 36 Uhm, before like uhm probably last FM36- Ranting on social year I ranted on facebook then media has a negative before my account was locked I emotional impact on the ranted, there were some people I ranter when people who debated somewhat they take it as read start to criticize, and it personal and they really argue and it would outgrow bullying, makes me stressed before because even though the rants just they join forces it somewhat, its revolve around personal bully. It is called cyber bullying, life. somewhat I was slightly stressed like not totally stressed but I was sad, sad was the term I was sad because I was cyber bullied. I decided to locked my account for someone who doesn’t really know me would not be able to uhm, would bully me on facebook. Somehow on twitter umm it’s positive for me, for myself and I can say that I have me time on my twitter account. Overall, it is negative for me because the platform is huge, social media platform like there are many people 233 would see your posts and there is a tendency that you be cyber bullied because of your posts even though it is your personal problem there is still a tendency you get cyber bullied. (IDI 6-6 SS36) Before like probably last year I ranted on facebook then before my account was locked I ranted, there were some people I debated somewhat they take it as personal and they really argue and it makes me stressed before because they join forces it somewhat, its bully. It is called cyber bullying, somewhat I was slightly stressed like not totally stressed but I was sad, sad was the term I was sad because I was cyber bullied. I decided to locked my account for someone who doesn’t really know me would not be able 234 to, would bully me on facebook. Somehow on twitter umm it’s positive for me, for myself and I can say that I have me time on my twitter account. Overall, it is negative for me because the platform is huge, social media platform like there are many people would see your posts and there is a tendency that you be cyber bullied because of your posts even though it is your personal problem there is still a tendency you get cyber bullied. 37 So, usually I don’t really rant or FM37- The context of direct my rant to someone I usually ranting is more about rant through shared posts. There are personal beliefs, opinions, posts I share and I’ll put caption to and disagreements. it my rants or about my opinions, about my beliefs, about posts, about my disagreements like that. So actually it’s random, there are 235 politics or uhmm sometimes I see injustice like that. (IDI 7-1 SS 37) So, usually I don’t really rant or direct my rant to someone I usually rant through shared posts. There are posts I share and I’ll put caption to it about my rants or about my opinions, about my beliefs, about posts, about my disagreements like that. So actually it’s random, there are politics or sometimes I see injustice like that. 38 So, main thing is when a certain FM38- Ranter was posts triggers me or a certain posts triggered by a specific issue shows injustice like abusive people involving injustice then of course as citizen or as a publicly expressed human you would react somehow viewpoint on and a digital we defend and we react or we get platforms in order to spread angry especially if there are belittled awareness. individual. Usually, also the idea of 236 posts is, like posts information I ranted like that, usually I ranted it’s because of disagreements. (IDI 7-2 SS38) So, main thing is when a certain posts triggers me or a certain posts shows injustice like abusive people then of course as citizen or as a human you would react somehow we defend and we react or we get angry especially if there are belittled individual. Usually, also the idea of posts is, like posts information I ranted like that, usually I ranted it’s because of disagreements. 39 Uhm, of course I wanted to express FM39- Ranter uses social also my ideas and opinions to show media that I also care for the people express especially to those aggrieved people others. or belittled. So I also want to inform them that they it not right like that. to educate compassion and for 237 (IDI 7-3 SS39) Of course I wanted to express also my ideas and opinions to show that I also care for the people especially to those aggrieved people or belittled. So I also want to inform them that they it not right like that. 40 So after ranting, somehow I feel like FM40- After ranting, it I’m relieved or somehow I can say provides a sense of relief that I had shared my opinion, I feel and expresses opinions that like I was able to help at least by enlighten others' thinking. sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening. (IDI 7-4 SS 40) So after ranting, somehow I feel like I’m relieved or somehow I can say that I had shared my opinion, I feel 238 like I was able to help at least by sharing an posts it makes people see, they able to know my opinion or ideas on my rants it could also open their mind so I feel like I helped others also to become aware of what’s happening. 41 Uhmm, quiet it doesn’t mean FM41- Ranting on social specific, it is mixed emotion media elicits a range of depends what kind of rant. Of emotions and feelings course sometimes emotional or depending on what kind of sometimes angry especially posts rants it is all about. are sensitive when it comes to injustices. I’m very insensitive to that, usually I got angry. (IDI 7-5 SS41) Quiet it doesn’t mean specific, it is mixed emotion depends what kind of rant. Of course sometimes emotional or sometimes angry especially posts are sensitive when 239 it comes to injustices. I’m very insensitive to that, usually I got angry. 42 After ranting sometimes I feel FM42- Through ranting on angry, like after. Later on I feel social media the ranter is relieved or somehow I able to able to express themselves released my anger through ranting. and it has positive effect. Because I able to express what I want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect it’s because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel. (IDI 7-6 SS42) (After ranting sometimes I feel angry, like after. Later on I feel relieved or somehow I able to released my anger through ranting. Because I able to express what I 240 want to express through social media, through ranting on social media like that, I feel like I able to relieved my anger. Positive effect it’s because I was able to vent out/express my opinion and what I feel) 43 Uhm, my experiences on social FM43- At times, ranting media is mixed like it is a one way can be therapeutic and of relieving your, relieving your allows the ranter to share stress or your opinions. If you have his thoughts with others. opinion, you can share your opinion in that thing through sharing and posting. (IDI 8-1 SS43) (My experiences on social media is mixed like it is a one way of relieving your, relieving your stress or your opinions. If you have opinion, you can share your opinion 241 in that thing through sharing and posting) 44 Mostly uhm, like your thoughts, FM44- On social media thoughts or your experiences you platforms, the ranter can like to express, you will vent out express their opinions and there like venting out because no thoughts without fear of one will judge. Like you don’t have being judged. someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. (IDI 8-2 SS44) Mostly like your thoughts, thoughts or your experiences you like to express, you will vent out there like venting out because no one will judge. Like you don’t have someone you choose or can talk to through social media, through twitter you vent out all your problems. 242 45 Uhmm, it is my personal choice but FM45- Ranting on social of course you have to be, you have media is a personal choice. to be careful also. You have to limit your posts it’s because sometimes the information can easily spread. (IDI 8-3 SS45) (It is my personal choice but of course you have to be, you have to be careful also. You have to limit your posts it’s because sometimes the information can easily spread.) 46 Uhm, you feel relieve like you are FM46- Ranting on social able to express it. media provides a sense of relief. (IDI 8-4 SS46) (You feel relieve like you are able to express it.) 47 Affect my emotion, it changes your FM47- After expressing, emotion like for example if you ranting on social media didn’t rant that out its still heavy and 243 you’re sad but when you finally post helps to relieve and lighten it you feel like light feelings. (IDI 8-5 SS47) (Affect my emotion, it changes your emotion like for example if you didn’t rant that out its still heavy and you’re sad but when you finally post it you feel like light) 48 Uhm, for me mostly I used twitter FM48-Because of its its positive for me because there are different audience, Twitter only few people able to see, and few seems to be a better people can see your posts unlike on medium for ranting than a facebook it’s common and you Facebook account. don’t have privacy like that. (IDI 8-6 SS48) (For me mostly I used twitter its positive for me because there are only few people able to see, and few people can see your posts unlike on 244 facebook it’s common and you don’t have privacy like that.) 49 I rant once ummh if things get too FM49- Ranting on social much or I feel burden with my loads media usually occurs when or preoccupied with so much things the ranter is unable to bear to do and along the run also I can all of the burdens that have realize that hmm like it even made it been handled. worst especially when I think that it is not right if I do too much ranting so I stop it for a while. I would not use my twitter for how many days. I will just get back to ranting when I feel the burden again. (IDI 9-1 SS49) (I rant once if things get too much or I feel burden with my loads or preoccupied with so much things to do and along the run also I can realize that like it even made it worst especially when I think that it is not right if I do too much ranting so I 245 stop it for a while. I would not use my twitter for how many days. I will just get back to ranting when I feel the burden again.) 50 Uhmm… why I rant on social media FM50- Ranting on social is because of academics because media may occur as a result there are a lot of responsibilities to of academic concerns, do and the demand being an officer social pressure, or family was pressured. Aside from that I issues. need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much uhmm demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I feel the need to 246 express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger. (IDI 9-2 SS50) (Why I rant on social media is because of academics because there are a lot of responsibilities to do and the demand being an officer was pressured. Aside from that I need to maintain my grades because I am a scholar under CHED so it’s quite heavy since you have to maintain like you can manage everything. It came to the point that I will get fully exhausted so I rant. I have also other responsibilities outside the campus like a volunteer in our community at the same time SK official so there is too much demand of responsibilities. Lastly, I rant also about family problems because I 247 feel the need to express what I feel and later on I would realize it already ease my anger.) 51 hm so in twitter since that is the FM-51 Using social media medium I used in ranting and only to vent one's frustrations is few knew as to what I rant about a way for ranters to keep because ummhh of my personal, I their personal matters out of have my integrity, my reputation the public eye and avoid that has built in my community and being seen as negative the school society like I should not individuals. display that I am weak because I was also looked up by other students. So, I don’t have to rant in public, I just set aside everything because it can really affect other people you rant to especially if you have the same feelings with others. When I rant to them they could tell the same thing so I’d rather keep it on my own and we have different experiences so no one could judge 248 you if ever you private your own rants. (IDI 9-3 SS51) (In twitter since that is the medium, I used in ranting and only few knew as to what I rant about because of my personal, I have my integrity, my reputation that has built in my community and the school society like I should not display that I am weak because I was also looked up by other students. I don’t have to rant in public, I just set aside everything because it can really affect other people you rant to especially if you have the same feelings with others. When I rant to them they could tell the same thing so id rather keep it on my own and we have different experiences so no one could judge you if ever you private your own rants.) 249 52 Usually, when normal days I felt FM52- The ranter can lower like I am not okay I write pieces in their aversive feelings and my notepad and also rant it over on return to his\her sensations social media. Once I write, it slowly through ranting on social ease the feeling of being frustrated media. and it lower also my temper and seems like it help me to get back to my normal functioning. When I get back to normal functioning I realized uhmm so okay this is what im done doing uhm… but atleast minimal people only can see my rant so I wont regret uhmm. At some point I am frank person so I better to get off with people talking some other things because I might cause something that could affect them at somehow. (IDI 9-4 SS52) (Usually, when normal days I felt like I am not okay I write pieces in my notepad and also rant it over on 250 social media. Once I write, it slowly ease the feeling of being frustrated and it lower my temper and it helps me to get back to my normal functioning. When I get back to normal functioning I realized so okay “this is what im done doing but atleast minimal people only can see my rant so I wont regret. At some point I am frank person so I better to get off with people talking some other things because I might cause something that could affect them at somehow.) 53 uhmmm it has a positive impact to FM53- Social media those people who don’t have ranting is beneficial as it someone to talk to because it is like helps the ranter to express a medium where you can express on himself and find a great how you feel to like ummh once we solution to problems. get tired same when you feel too much you have to vent out to git rid the negativities within yourself. 251 Through social media I was able to express my emotions, and what I feel I able to let it out. It has a positive impact to myself and it doesn’t cause negative feeling but it gets me to the realization. After ranting, I able to express and later on realization goes on in like better to work on than ranting. (IDI 9-5 SS53) (It has a positive impact to those people who don’t have someone to talk to because it is like a medium where you can express on how you feel to like once we get tired same when you feel too much you have to vent out to git rid the negativities within yourself. Through social media I was able to express my emotions, and what I feel I able to let it out. It has a positive impact to myself and it doesn’t cause negative 252 feeling but it gets me to the realization. After ranting, I able to express and later on realization goes on in like better to work on than ranting.) 54 Uhm.. sometimes being a social FM54- This could have work, socialization should be seemed that ranting on required especially doing an activity social media is a great way which there is really socialization to unwind and reflect. It involved. However, it suffocates me assists the individual in and I tend to isolate and once I coping with problems, isolated myself, it would trigger and which is necessary in order made me to start to rant. At some to think of better ways to point it is like it helps to balance my resolve conflicts. social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the 253 negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved. (IDI 9-6 SS54) (Sometimes being a social work, socialization should be required especially doing an activity which there is really socialization involved. However, it suffocates me and I tend to isolate and once I isolated myself, it would trigger and made me to start to rant. At some point it is like it helps to balance my 254 social aspect and personal self. I would feel the comfort. When I exposed to too much with socialization, I begin to feel the migrain, sinusitis, that is what would I feel. If that happen I find a place to relax and ranting is one thing I do so that I can vent out the negative energy that I absorb from other people. Aside from that, when I am angry, I tend to rant, I feel calm. It provides me a way to cope up. Once I coped up from undesireable feeling, from that I could think of a solution of my problem after ranting. It is like to ease and resolve of the causes why I rant. So, after ranting I just continue doing my stuff. I express and the feel relieved.) 55 Uhmmm I rant about is more on FM55- On social media, movies, series, showbiz issues, and ranting is a way to express 255 also I like to rant about politics but thoughts about it is only opinion-based. In ranting I social/showbiz issues and would discover that there are also politics in a way that can other people out there who have the help alleviate feelings. same thoughts as mine as they responded to my rants. They would respond and agree to my statement. So, I could tell that it is not only me who has this kind of thoughts but others as well. I rant also regarding a government topic and there was this random person who reacted and expressed his opposing opinion about my tweet. I was totally shocked because it feels like he’s really mad and upset so I just laughed and what I did, I deleted my tweet. I did not expect that my tweet could affect him that much. It is just my opinion though and he told me that I am not open minded, that I am childish. Starting that time, I decide to lessen the amount of opinions to 256 be shared online about politics but more on movies. (IDI 10-1 SS55) (I rant about is more on movies, series, showbiz issues, and also I like to rant about politics but it is only opinion-based. In ranting I would discover that there are also other people out there who have the same thoughts as mine as they responded to my rants. They would respond and agree to my statement. So, I could tell that it is not only me who has this kind of thoughts but others as well. I rant also regarding a government topic and there was this random person who reacted and expressed his opposing opinion about my tweet. I was totally shocked because it feels like he’s really mad and upset so I just laughed and what I did, I deleted my 257 tweet. I did not expect that my tweet could affect him that much. It is just my opinion though and he told me that I am not open minded, that I am childish. Starting that time, I decide to lessen the amount of opinions to be shared online about politics but more on movies.) 56 First, I rant because I can relate the FM56- When a ranter can topic. Second, is that I just feel like relate to the subject and sharing my opinion just also to feels compelled to share know if others do have the same their thoughts in order to be opinion as mine. Third, is to get relieved, relieved (pahungaw) from what I occurs. feel. Mostly, as of now I rant about movies, kpop stars that I idolized, uhmm korean stuff. I am invested with my idol so when they have issues, I would really share my opinion regarding it. (IDI 10-2 SS56) ranting action 258 (First, I rant because I can relate the topic. Second, is that I just feel like sharing my opinion just also to know if others do have the same opinion as mine. Third, is to get relieved (pahungaw) from what I feel. Mostly, as of now I rant about movies, kpop stars that I idolized, korean stuff. I am invested with my idol so when they have issues, I would really share my opinion regarding it.) 57 It's better to rant it over on social FM57- It's a form of release media because I don’t have to rant on social media, someone to talk to and can't share it particularly when there is to my family that’s why I rant it over no one to speak to in on social media. Mostly my friends person. would react to my tweets concerning what I tweeted on twitter. Like they would tell me as well that they have the same feeling towards a certain issue. They also 259 expressed the same feeling like for example Aljur and Kylie’s issue (showbiz). They would reply and agree to my rants. Uuhmm…then later on it fell to become a gossip of us with friends but it is more on the showbiz issue itself. I am into the artist and express my opinion on their life issues. And mostly the feeling to rant is to exhaust the self from certain issues. (IDI 10-3 SS57) (It's better to rant it over on social media because I don’t have someone to talk to and can't share it to my family that’s why I rant it over on social media. Mostly my friends would react to my tweets concerning what I tweeted on twitter. Like they would tell me as well that they have the same feeling towards a certain issue. They also 260 expressed the same feeling like for example Aljur and Kylie’s issue (showbiz). They would reply and agree to my rants. Then later on it fell to become a gossip of us with friends but it is more on the showbiz issue itself. I am into the artist and express my opinion on their life issues. And mostly the feeling to rant is to exhaust the self from certain issues.) 58 Uhmm honestly, sometimes I get to FM58- While ranting on become anxious. I rant over about social media provide relief, the issue of one of my Korean artists the reaction of other users idol. I get anxious if I tweet my to the rant segment can opinion right, I am thinking if affect the emotion in a someone would react like he doesn't variety of ways. believe him (Korean artist) because of his issue. However, I received a lot of hearts and retweets. I told to myself that we have the same thoughts and opinions. I feel 261 anxious sometimes especially I have already an experience before when someone suddenly attack me with words. Overall, when you rant like mostly negative feelings about showbiz issues, at least it lightens up the feelings. (IDI 10-4 SS58) (Honestly, sometimes I get to become anxious. I rant over about the issue of one of my Korean artists idol. I get anxious if I tweet my opinion right, I am thinking if someone would react like he doesn't believe him (Korean artist) because of his issue. However, I received a lot of hearts and retweets. I told to myself that we have the same thoughts and opinions. I feel anxious sometimes especially I have already an experience before when someone suddenly attack me with 262 words. Overall, when you rant like mostly negative feelings about showbiz issues, at least it lightens up the feelings.) 59 Uhmm When I rant, I would feel FM59- While ranting relieved and it lessens the negative relieves stress and negative feeling but the negative feeling will emotions, the reaction of trigger when someone is going to others matters and can have an argument in opposition to affect their emotions. what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction creates anxiousness towards the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. 263 (IDI 10-5 SS59) (When I rant, I would feel relieved and it lessens the negative feeling but the negative feeling will trigger when someone is going to have an argument in opposition to what you have posted and that argument is not even healthy. However, when someone reacts negatively that touches your ego and it causes you to pain at some point then it will make you switch to be unhappy. The negative reaction anxiousness towards creates the self, thinking if your opinion or rants are valid or not. So, you will get down again. The feedback of other people as well can affect my emotion as I rant on social media. ) 60 I can tell that the effects are positive FM60- Ranting on social because it makes me happy voicing media is beneficial because out what I feel in the moment, it provides another outlet 264 through ranting I can help other for unspoken thoughts and people widen their mind to a certain feelings when no one is issue and they will learn something present to listen. about it and can relieve all the negativities I feel because sometimes there are issues that you cannot talk with people and the only way to relieve it is through ranting. (IDI 10-6 SS60) (I can tell that the effects are positive because it makes me happy voicing out what I feel in the moment, through ranting I can help other people widen their mind to a certain issue and they will learn something about it and can relieve all the negativities I feel because sometimes there are issues that you cannot talk with people and the only way to relieve it is through ranting.) 265 61 Uhmm… since before when I was a FM61- Social media has high school student I am really into been a platform used for ranting on social media. It was a posting different topics to trend before, we post everything, be aired online and has also every content we want to post we been a medium for rants post on social media. My experience with regard to in ranting was all about school work issues and concerns. before and as I grew up social issues already have been part of my rants such as politics but just lowkey a bit on that issue. And also including Kpop idols and mostly entertainments mostly. With regards to myself, I don’t have that much to rant about. (IDI 11-1 SS61) (Since before when I was a high school student I am really into ranting on social media. It was a trend before, we post everything, every content we want to post we post on social media. My experience various 266 in ranting was all about school work before and as I grew up social issues already have been part of my rants such as politics but just lowkey a bit on that issue. And also including Kpop idols and mostly entertainments mostly. With regards to myself, I don’t have that much to rant about.) 62 uhmm… the reason why I rant on FM62-Due to social issues, social media is because of the personal audience, especially if the point is a political concerns, and perspectives, serious matter. I want everyone to ranters rant on social media. know about certain issues. The ranting is more on sometimes mental health encouragement not awareness, totally not always pure rants. If I rant that revolves on social concerns. About personal matters, I did not put on social media anymore. I am particular social issues regarding the 267 thoughts of other people about the specific issue like about uhmm depression, when people don’t believe about it and as a psych major I share specific post and I rant why people are like this and that… second is I rant over about the artist that I idolized who get bashed. With regards to social issues, it is about the pandemic like mass testing and enough ayuda. I was able to rant about it. (IDI 11-2 SS62) (The reason why I rant on social media is because of the audience, especially if the point is a serious matter. I want everyone to know about certain issues. The ranting is more on sometimes mental health awareness, encouragement not totally not always pure rants. If I rant that revolves on social 268 concerns. About personal matters, I did not put on social media anymore. I am particular social issues regarding the thoughts of other people about the specific issue like about depression, when people don’t believe about it and as a psych major I share specific post and I rant why people are like this and that… second is I rant over about the artist that I idolized who get bashed. With regards to social issues, it is about the pandemic like mass testing and enough ayuda. I was able to rant about it.) 63 I think social media is a platform FM63- Many people where we are free to express nowadays have their own ourselves especially today, we are gadgets, and as a result, using gadgets and our lives evolve their lives have evolved to in social media and when there are include social media, where some specific thing I want to voice expressing oneself is far out I always rant it on social media 269 but I also make sure that I don’t rant faster than doing anything everything about my life, private else online. matters since social media has a huge audience like one wrong click it could affect you and the people around you. I can rant to a certain person but today when there is social media and if I want to voice out my thoughts, social media could be a nice platform to use. (IDI 11-3 SS63) (I think social media is a platform where we are free to express ourselves especially today, we are using gadgets and our lives evolve in social media and when there are some specific thing I want to voice out I always rant it on social media but I also make sure that I don’t rant everything about my life, private matters since social media has a 270 huge audience like one wrong click it could affect you and the people around you. I can rant to a certain person but today when there is social media and if I want to voice out my thoughts, social media could be a nice platform to use. ) 64 There are times that ranting gives FM64- Ranting online you satisfaction especially when gives ranter satisfaction of you already voice out your thoughts being able to express his about a specific topic and there feelings and emotions about times as well for example, I share a particular issue. my opinion and they oppose my opinion and it feels like there is a debate going to happen. That moment I would feel challenged and thrilled by the person who has different thoughts about my rant so I would do my best to encourage him that this is my stand about the certain issue. But the main emotion you could feel in ranting is 271 satisfaction that you were able to relieve your emotion. (IDI 11-4 SS64) (There are times that ranting gives you satisfaction especially when you already voice out your thoughts about a specific topic and there times as well for example, I share my opinion and they oppose my opinion and it feels like there is a debate going to happen. That moment I would feel challenged and thrilled by the person who has different thoughts about my rant so I would do my best to encourage him that this is my stand about the certain issue. But the main emotion you could feel in ranting is satisfaction that you were able to relieve your emotion.) 272 65 Uhmm…. Ranting can affect my FM65- Internet ranting can emotions. For instance, I have this have a positive or negative experience where I feel upset about effect on one's emotions, one post concerning cheating issues depending on the response and I give my thoughts. I get really received from others, that upset while typing my thoughts and could provide satisfaction the issue really frustrates me. And or discouragement. after the ranting moment, days after the ranting I looked back to my timeline seeing that certain rant of mine It is weird because you have a specific emotion to feel for a moment and you rant it to social media. Then days to come as you see it again, like the emotions you have experienced at that moment are already no more. For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it 273 affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied. (IDI 11-5 SS65) (Ranting can affect my emotions. For instance, I have this experience where I feel upset about one post concerning cheating issues and I give my thoughts. I get really upset while typing my thoughts and the issue really frustrates me. And after the ranting moment, days after the ranting I looked back to my timeline seeing that certain rant of mine It is weird because you have a specific emotion to feel for a moment and you rant it to social media. Then days to come as you see it again, like the emotions you have experienced at that moment are already no more. For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me 274 to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied.) 66 For me the effect is both positive FM66- Social media and negative because when others ranting has both positive would agree would me it affects me and negative consequences. to get happy emotion but when When the ranter's feedback others disagree it affects me as well is positive, it elicits happy to become upset or feel unsatisfied. emotions; when negative, it it is elicits (IDI 11-6 SS66) dissatisfaction. (For me the effect is both positive and negative because when others would agree would me it affects me to get happy emotion but when others disagree it affects me as well to become upset or feel unsatisfied.) 67 My experience since I rant about FM67- Ranters used to rant uhmm actually I am into ranting about politics and academic about politics as of now since the pressures. Ranting makes election is getting near and also, I 275 rant about uhm academics because it the person feel at ease and stresses me out. Mostly my comforted. experience is what I felt for the day. For example, I'm happy I rant about it on social media like I share what I feel. Ranting makes me happy just like that because you were able to express your feelings. (IDI 12-1 SS67) (My experience since I rant about actually, I am into ranting about politics as of now since the election is getting near and also, I rant about academics because it stresses me out. Mostly my experience is what I felt for the day. For example, I'm happy I rant about it on social media like I share what I feel. Ranting makes me happy just like that because you were able to express your feelings.) 276 68 Causes include as well my personal FM68- The ranter rants life aside from what I have concerning personal and mentioned about politics and academic issues which they academic concerns. are dealing with in life. (IDI 12-2 SS68) (Causes include as well my personal life aside from what I have mentioned about politics and academic concerns.) 69 I wanted to rant about it on social FM69- People find social media instead of telling some about media a safe place to vent it because there are some people because they know their who would talk about talking about emotions will not be things over and over again like they invalidated by the people could tell that you are just always they normally interact with telling how tired you are. So, in person because of that, it made me to just rant it over on the social media for me not to hear responses I am 277 always talking the same thing over and over again (IDI 12-3 SS69) (I wanted to rant about it on social media instead of telling some about it because there are some people who would talk about talking about things over and over again like they could tell that you are just always telling how tired you are. So, because of that, it made me to just rant it over on the social media for me not to hear responses I am always talking the same thing over and over again.) 70 I actually feel okay after ranting on FM70- Ranting makes social media. Not to the extent you someone feel good, and by feel too much happiness but you expressing it online, it helps would just feel okay after you alleviate express what you feel. I am relieved. unhappiness. feelings of 278 (IDI 12-4 SS70) (I actually feel okay after ranting on social media. Not to the extent you feel too much happiness but you would just feel okay after you express what you feel. I am relieved.) 71 It affects me emotionally like uhm FM71- Ranting can affect for example I rant and the words I the ranter emotionally, but use if exaggerating then I actually it usually relieves and calms feel uhm like more of a relief and the ranter's emotions. then emotionally I am okay with it. (IDI 12-5 SS71) (It affects me emotionally like uhm for example I rant and the words I use if exaggerating then I actually feel uhm like more of a relief and then emotionally I am okay with it.) 72 After ranting sometimes, I feel FM72okay, sometimes I Ranting evokes don’t. mixed emotions, but it is 279 Emotionally sometimes it can hurt always a way of expressing like when I read the things that I try one's thoughts and feelings. to express to the social media it will Positive by expressing repeatedly come to my mind and feelings and giving relief. when I visit on my timeline and I keep seeing that post I feel sad about it and emotionally I will get carried away with my feelings and emotion. But it depends what content I rant on social media. There is also sometimes I will just never mind who would get upset with what I posted. Just like that. And for me, ranting is positive action because I was able to express what I feel and then it’s a relief after I tried to express it to words. (IDI 12-6 SS72) (After ranting sometimes, I feel okay, sometimes I don’t. Emotionally sometimes it can hurt like when I read the things that I try 280 to express to the social media it will repeatedly come to my mind and when I visit on my timeline and I keep seeing that post I feel sad about it and emotionally I will get carried away with my feelings and emotion. But it depends what content I rant on social media. There is also sometimes I will just never mind who would get upset with what I posted. Just like that. And for me, ranting is positive action because I was able to express what I feel and then it’s a relief after I tried to express it to words.) 73 My experience ranting on social FM73- Ranter experience media ahh…about online class. ranting on social media Then the experience is, based on my about schoolwork online experience in online class is it is and deleted the rants after struggle plus I don’t have enough being relieved. resources that’s why I rant like to bring back the face-to-face 281 hopefully soon. Ahm, there are times I rant but eventually I delete it once I feel relief. (IDI 13-1 SS73) (My experience ranting on social media is about online class. Then, based on my experience in online class it is struggle plus I don’t have enough resources that’s why I rant like I want to bring back the face-toface hopefully soon. There are times I rant but eventually I delete it once I feel relief.) 74 Miss, if I see that something wrong. FM74- Social media rants The causes of my ranting on social regarding media is if I can see something that academic politics, issues, I don’t like or against with the personal opinions. opinions of other miss. Random topics like politics and online class. (IDI 13-2 SS74) and 282 (If I see that something is wrong. The causes of my ranting on social media is when I see something that I don’t like or against with the opinions of others. Random topics like politics and online class.) 75 Facebook miss, that’s the only FM75- The Facebook app is social media account I have. used account in ranting. Because I’m not used to twitter and Instagram. (IDI 13-3 SS75) (Facebook, that’s the only social media account I have. Because I’m not used to twitter and Instagram.) 76 Guilty and then delete it later FM76- Ranting may because, first miss before I rant, I provide relief, but guilt will am not thinking about it. I am being follow as a result of being impulsive miss. And then later, I impulsive and realized that I was wrong on ranting without thinking. without thinking. acting 283 (IDI 13-4 SS76) (Guilty and then delete it later because, before I rant, I am not thinking about it. I am being impulsive. And then later, I realized that I was wrong on ranting without thinking.) 77 Before ranting miss, I feel like I’m FM77- Ranting relieves and really against. Like, I feel angry satisfies, but it also causes that’s why I can rant. Then after is I guilt. feel guilt. Sometimes I could say that if am able to express myself I feel satisfied. But then, I have this realization that ranting is not always good, positive vibes only. (IDI 13-5 SS77) (Before ranting, I feel like I’m really against. Like, I feel angry that’s why I can rant. Then after, I feel guilt. Sometimes I could say that if I’m able to express myself I feel 284 satisfied. But then, I have this realization that ranting is not always good, positive vibes only.) 78 I am not comfortable if I rant cause FM78- Ranting is not good I will feel guilt later on. It’s negative and can negatively affect for me that’s why I stop it. Because self-reputation. I realized that it is not good and it can ruin your reputation. (IDI 13-6 SS78) (I am not comfortable if I rant because I will feel guilt later on. It’s negative for me that’s why I stop it. Because I realized that it is not good and it can ruin my reputation.) 79 Ahm, in general ahh…my way of FM79- The way ranters rant ranting is ahm, somewhat a pave on social media is paving way to release stress as in IRL or in the way for stress relief. It is real life I don’t really stress like escaping from unpleasant ahm, destroying things cause I do feelings. To feel satisfied 285 that in my mind but rather yeah, and relieved from the stress instead I post or rant in social media of life's ups and downs. making status or make chat with my close friends about what I’ve been through so that’s my way of ranting. But there was one time that I made an issue in the school like in third year high school, like I was so stress as a class president at that time that the way I relieve stress was a…I use my cousins Facebook account then post about pretending that rest in peace something like that. Like yeah, it was not an intentional reaction towards how the people around reacted. I just wanted to see what were their reactions. But unexpectedly they believe then to the point that many of them go to our house. It was a bad experience for me. But in general, it felt somewhat satisfying except that experience of posting fake news 286 about me passing away. But that experience is a way of relieving stress for me. (IDI 14-1 SS79) (In general, my way of ranting is somewhat a pave way to release stress in real life I don’t really stress like destroying things because I do that in my mind but rather instead, I post or rant in social media making status or make chat with my close friends about what I’ve been through so that’s my way of ranting. But there was one time that I made an issue in the school like in third year high school, like I was so stress as a class president at that time that the way I relieve stress was, I use my cousins Facebook account then post about pretending that rest in peace something like that. Like, it was not an intentional reaction 287 towards how the people around reacted. I just wanted to see what were their reactions. But unexpectedly they believe, then to the point that many of them go to our house. It was a bad experience for me. But in general, it felt somewhat satisfying except that experience of posting fake news about me passing away. But that experience is a way of relieving stress for me.) 80 The causes, because of what I’ve FM80been through like ahm, stress at academic Personal issues, stress, work school, stress at work stress at stress, and family problems family because the only way I can are the causes of social relieve it is through social media media ranting. like ahh… what I’ve been through like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya 288 mag ing-ana dayon” so yeah, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting. (IDI 14-2 SS80) (The causes, because of what I’ve been through like stress at school, stress at work stress at family because the only way I can relieve it is through social media like what I’ve been through, like someone scolded me though it’s just a little mistake I feel the urge to rant it on Facebook like captioning “gamay ra gani tung sayop unya mag ing-ana dayon” so, then those were one of the causes. Personal issues like I’m sad, I’m feeling angry, I post it on media as a way of ranting.) 289 81 Facebook, since I’m not that active FM81- Instead on twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve expressing mention since I cannot do it in real personally, life like, I am a kind of person that social of frustration ranting media has on now is understanding or I have patience become a strategy to cope like above average for me if I could with and alleviate anxiety. rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress. (IDI 14-3 SS81) (Facebook, since I’m not that active on twitter and Instagram. So, as I’ve mention since I cannot do it in real life like, I am a kind of person that is understanding or I have patience like above average for me if I could rate myself. But if once I’m at my height of anger or I’ll be trigger 290 instead of shouting or destroying things I rather go to social media and rant. So those are one of my coping mechanisms to relieve my stress.) 82 Ahm, there are some faces in my FM82- Ranter developed end like pre, during and post the emotion of anger and ranting, like pre is I will think like that certain emotions what to type and what to post changed, improving after something like that. I’ll make a draft he was satisfied and in my head so that’s the pre. Then relieved of the need to my feeling was that is the ahh… the express it on social media. anticipation. Then during, is how I will make my draft like in my mind what will I type then along the way I’ll edit, I will check the grammar so I will not be embarrassed. Then post, after ranting I feel satisfied it’s like my anger is lost. With my experience I felt relieve watching the reaction but there’s some regrets as well. 291 (IDI 14-4 SS82) (There are some faces in my end like pre, during and post ranting, like pre is I will think like what to type and what to post something like that. I’ll make a draft in my head so that’s the pre. Then my feeling was the anticipation. Then during, is how I will make my draft like in my mind what will I type then along the way I’ll edit, I will check the grammar so I will not be embarrassed. Then post, after ranting I feel satisfied it’s like my anger is lost. With my experience I felt relieve watching the reaction but there’s some regrets as well.) 83 Okay this is quite difficult. FM83- After experiencing a Honestly, there is none for me like negative emotion, social ahm, there’s I have the same media ranting assists the emotions for me in pre and post because in pre ranting I get angry 292 but not to the point that I get suicidal emotion in returning to a something like that. Then in post, normal state. for me is like it’s gone like myself return to my normal self, way before I experience stress. (IDI 14-5 SS83) (Okay this is quite difficult. Honestly, there is none for me like I have the same emotions for me in pre and post because in pre ranting I get angry but not to the point that I get suicidal something like that. Then in post, for me is like it’s gone like myself return to my normal self, way before I experience stress.) 84 It has negative views about other FM84- Social media people’s reaction since I made an ranting has a positive effect issue about it like I mentioned on the ranter’s emotions. before. But in my end or emotional self it gave a positive effect. So, if I’m to add up there are two sides for 293 me, like it’s the best and positive way for me but it depends on the content of my rant it might give a negative effect for other people. (IDI 14-6 SS84) (It has negative views about other people’s reaction since I made an issue about it like I mentioned before. But in my end or emotional self it gave a positive effect. So, if I’m to add up there are two sides for me, like it’s the best and positive way for me but it depends on the content of my rant it might give a negative effect for other people.) 85 FM85- Ranting can increased a FM85sense of fulfillment through letting increased Ranting a sense can of out the negative energy stored fulfillment through letting within the self. out the negative energy stored within the self. 294 86 Hmm…causes? like when I have a FM86- Ranting is a way of bad day that’s when I get irritated. expressing Ahm, right now more on academics relation like this teacher is like this and the concerns, emotions to in academic social discussion could have been better if relationships, and random it’s like this. I rant personal issues feelings. sometimes like about my friends because I feel like I did not reciprocate the amount of affection that I give to them. So that’s why I rant because I don’t have any means to share my feelings. (IDI 15-2 SS86) (Causes like when I have a bad day that’s when I get irritated. Right now, more on academics like this teacher is like this and the discussion could have been better if it’s like this. I rant personal issues sometimes like about my friends because I feel like I did not reciprocate the amount of affection 295 that I give to them. So that’s why I rant because I don’t have any means to share my feelings.) 87 Ahm, twitter because there nobody FM87- Twitter is the ahm, a few only knows me in that application used by the account so I can just do whatever I ranter because it has lesser want. Most likely I only rant on audience and mutual twitter. It’s like my diary in an friends. online setting. (IDI 15-3 SS87) (Twitter, because there few only knows me in that account so I can just do whatever I want. Most likely I only rant on twitter. It’s like my diary in an online setting.) 88 Ahm, first I feel ahm, relieve and FM88- Ranting on social there’s a sugar rush while typing. media could help the ranter Yes, and after once posting it like feel relief. (sigh) finally I feel relief that the 296 memory or experience is now gone and I can move on, like that. (IDI 15-4 SS88) (First, I feel relieve and you feel there’s a sugar rush while typing. Yes, and after posting it like finally I feel relief that the memory or experience is now gone and I can move on like that.) 89 Ahm, affect my emotion? Ahm, FM89- Ranting on social during ranting I feel angry but like media does not give off the not in a state that is super angry as anger feeling but somehow in that you don’t have netiquette after expressing, it tone already something like that. Ahh, I down the enraged emotion. still construct my words that I want to put out in the media because that is still media. And even if I’m angry I still try my best to be appropriate enough like I don’t curse I don’t do that. Ahm…I just let words flow in until my anger vanishes away like 297 that miss. And once I get to upload it (sigh) finally ahm, yeah, my anger seizes in me. (IDI 15-5 SS89) (During ranting I feel angry but like not in a state that is super angry as in that you don’t have netiquette already something like that. I still construct my words that I want to put out in the media because that is still media. And even if I’m angry I still try my best to be appropriate enough like I don’t curse, I don’t do that I just let words flow in until my anger vanishes away like that. And once I get to upload it finally my anger seizes in me.) 90 Effects, it made me ahm, it made me FM90- Social media somehow reflect miss my previous ranting has a positive effect emotion. Like example looking on ranters' emotions 298 back scrolling back in my account I because it allows them to could realize and reminisce the time express and reflect on their I wasn’t in myself so if I were to go feelings. back to this time, I should have done this or ahm, it helps in my repress emotion to bring back the memories. It also gives thrill. It is positive because at the end of the day ahm, I don’t rant to attack other people or like other. People always have negative connotation about ranting like “attention seeker” something like that. But ahm, for me it’s just like expressing how my day went, how devastating it is or how randomly messed up it is, so for me it’s positive miss. (IDI 15-6 SS90) (It made me somehow reflect my previous emotion. Like example looking back scrolling back in my account I could realize and 299 reminisce the time I wasn’t in myself so if I were to go back up to this time, I thought of should have done this or it helps in my repress emotion to bring back the memories. It also gives thrill. It is positive because at the end of the day, I don’t rant to attack other people or like other. People always have negative connotation about ranting like “attention seeker” something like that. But for me it’s just like expressing how my day went, how devastating it is or how randomly messed up it is, so for me it’s positive.) 91 Ahm, many times, like it’s not really FM91-Because of the many times like I still could count pandemic and a lack of cause I was never the type before to physical contact with one rant on social media like, I just like another and to talk to, to keep it myself my own problem. ranting on social media has But lately, I’ve became comfortable become therapeutic. 300 now expressing on social media. Maybe because also of the situation that I am no longer you know having physical conversation with my friends so that is why. Cause before we could still physically talk to them but now, we are all moving virtually. I rant before pandemic but not virtually. (IDI 16-1 SS91) (Many times, like it’s not really many times I still could count because I was never the type of person before to rant on social media, I just like to keep it myself my own problem. But lately, I’ve became comfortable now expressing on social media. Maybe because also of the situation that I am no longer having physical conversation with my friends so that is why. Because before we could 301 still physically talk to them but now, we are all moving virtually. I already rant before pandemic crisis but not virtually.) 92 A lot, like there’s a variety of causes FM92- Academic ahm, but the overbearing reason situations, academic why I rant on social media it could responsibilities, be because of my and academic academic stress have all situation, academic responsibilities, been causes to rant. academic stress. (IDI 16-2 SS92) (A lot, like there’s a variety of causes, but the overbearing reason why I rant on social media is because of my academic situation, academic responsibilities, and academic stress.) 93 Facebook and twitter, because in FM93twitter ahm, comfortable Twitter and I’m much more facebook are social media ranting on twitter platform used for ranting 302 because I have few mutual like because through it, it allows there’s no bigger audience. And in ranter feel he has someone Facebook as well, ahm, in Facebook to share and express with. I have many friends compare to my twitter but ahm, I am comfortable cause it made me feel that there is someone I could share to. Cause sometimes my friends are busy and you need to let out your emotions already that’s why. (IDI 16-3 SS93) (Facebook and twitter, I am more comfortable ranting on twitter because I have few mutual like there’s no bigger audience. And in Facebook as well, in Facebook I have many friends compare to my twitter but I am comfortable because it made me feel that there is someone I could share to because sometimes my friends are busy and 303 you feel the need to let out your emotions already that’s why.) 94 Ahm, initially I really feel fine you FM94- Social media feel like it’s less burden because you ranting initially relieves the let it out then right afterwards like a ranter, but later it causes few hours or a few minutes I usually anxiety about how certain feels anxious, anxiety like what if rants affect others who may my status is I was too negative and read them. then I have friends dealing with problems as well then, they could read and they might think of it also, I feel like I might spread more negativity or negative vibe towards them so I feel anxious. But then I would think that I might be valid also cause I’m feeling negative as well. There is really satisfaction after ranting. (IDI 16-4 SS94) ahm, 304 (Initially, I really feel fine. I feel like less burden because I let it out then right afterwards like a few hours or a few minutes I usually feels anxious, anxiety like what if in my status is I was too negative and then I have friends dealing with problems as well then, they could read and they might think of it also, I feel like I might spread more negativity or negative vibe towards them so I feel anxious. But then I would think that I might be valid also cause I’m feeling negative as well. There is really satisfaction after ranting.) 95 Hmm, ahm… like ahm at this time FM95- Expressing like I’m in an outburst, there is this feelings on social media one-time that I’m really peace off shifts the emotion from one and then I then turn to twitter to of heavy feelings to one of tweet about my anger and then right relief and lightens after twitting miss my anger subside burden afterwards. like (sigh) ahh! finally. Before the 305 ranting emotions are way too heavy like it’s too strong. But if you let it out, it’s like when you’re updating your status and it’s all about what were you feeling it is like you’re expressing your emotions. (IDI 16-5 SS95) (At this time like I’m in an outburst, there is this one-time that I’m really peace off and then I go to twitter to tweet about my anger and then right after twitting my anger subside like finally. Before, ranting emotions are way too heavy like it’s too strong. But if you let it out, it’s like when you’re updating your status and you share your feelings and expressing your emotions.) 96 Ahh, for the most striking part it FM96- Ranting on social does make me feel good honestly, media will improve your 306 cause it’s the same thing of like mood. telling people or making people emotions aware of how I’m feeling. Other lighter. people would say, (in my defense) instead of ranting on social media why would just share to people but for me, if there’s one certain person you could share to and he’s not available at the moment you lifted no choice. It does really make me feel good at a certain point and it lightens the mood the emotions that you’re feeling. (IDI 16-6 SS96) (For the most striking part it does make me feel good honestly, because it’s the same thing of like telling people or making people aware of how I’m feeling. Other people would say, (in my defense) instead of ranting on social media why would just share to people but It makes and the feelings 307 for me, if there’s one certain person you could share to and he’s not available at the moment you lifted no choice. Hence, It does really make me feel good at a certain point and it lightens the mood and emotions that you’re feeling.) 308 APPENDIX F-2 DEVELOPMENT OF CLUSTER THEMES FORMULATED MEANINGS CLUSTER THEMES FM25- Twitter is a more popular platform 1. Students vent their frustrations on social for venting than other social media media channels such as Facebook and platforms such as Facebook and Instagram, Twitter. These applications have been as followers are selected to see the rants. chosen for their types and features that enable students to express themselves FM33-Ranters prefer Twitter over honestly about what leads them to feel Facebook because it is judgement-free. undesirable feelings. Additionally, these are the only applications they have that are FM48-Because of its different audience, Twitter seems to be a better medium for ranting than a Facebook account. FM75-The Facebook app is used account in ranting. FM87- Twitter is the application used by the ranter because it has lesser audience and mutual friends. active and accessible. 309 FM93- Twitter and facebook are social media platform used for ranting because through it, it allows ranter feel he has someone to share and express with. FM17- While ranting on social media can 2. Social media ranting has a positive effect be used as a means of escape, it is toxic to on students’ emotional states because it one's emotional health. allows them to express thoughts and emotions that help alleviate being stressed, FM24- Social media ranting has both frustrated, and anxious in the face of an positive and negative consequences. It is unpleasant stimulus. However, it can positive in that emotions are negatively impact students who rant acknowledged, but it is harmful in that encounter criticism, bullying, and rants may impact the subject of certain reputation destruction from others, which rants. can exacerbate the emotion. Instead of feeling feel better, it may aggravate FM34- Ranting on social media relieves and comforts the ranter, particularly when there is no one to express with. FM36- Ranting on social media has a negative emotional impact on the ranter when people who read start to criticize, and the feelings. 310 it would outgrow bullying, even though the rants just revolve around personal life. FM42- Through ranting on social media the ranter is able to express themselves and it has positive effect. FM70- Ranting makes someone feel good, and by expressing it online, it helps alleviate feelings of unhappiness. FM72- Ranting evokes mixed emotions, but it is always a way of expressing one’s thoughts and feelings. Positive by expressing feelings and giving relief. FM76- Ranting may provide relief, but guilt will follow as a result of being impulsive and acting without thinking. FM78- Ranting is not good and can negatively affect self-reputation. 311 FM84- Social media ranting has a positive effect on the ranter’s emotions. FM90- Social media ranting has a positive effect on ranters’ emotions because it allows them to express and reflect on their feelings. FM96- Ranting on social media will improve your mood. It makes the emotions and feelings lighter. FM1-Twitter and Facebook are popular 3. Some students regard social media as a social media platforms for ranting, and haven from their problems and they serve to relieve strain or stress caused circumstances. Social media has evolved by numerous circumstances such as into an arena for the various topics that academic issues. each social media user is drawn to do online. FM61- Social media has been a platform used for posting different topics to be aired online and has also been a medium for rants with regard to various issues and concerns 312 FM3- Ranting obtains sympathy, which 4. Students use social media to vent or lightens the mood and boosts the ego, express themselves in hopes of gaining particularly when other people agree with sympathy. It will result in an improvement the rants. of feelings and a lightening of emotion. FM21- Ranters rant on social media to express triggering factors and gain sympathy from others. FM5- Although ranting does not entirely 5. Students' acquired emotions as a result remove a ranter's wrath, it does lighten the of ranting will not last permanently. There mood for a time. will be a sense of relief immediately after that, but the original feeling will eventually FM11-The emotion generated by ranting return to its original state. will pass quickly; the sentiments will only temporarily, which can not affect the entire mood of the ranter. FM89- Ranting on social media does not give off the anger feeling but somehow after expressing, it tones down the enraged emotion. 313 FM6-When ranting, the ranter feels as if 6. Students believe that ranting on social there is someone open to listening, which media is equivalent to conversing with can help to ease the tension. someone attentive to their rants. Social media has FM26-It's as if having someone to talk to connection supplanted to provide the network comfort and on social media has been a release channel alleviate mental distress. for emotional concerns. FM30- The ranter feels like they have someone to talk to through social media ranting, which helps relieve their thoughts and feelings. Due to the lack of a person to speak with, ranters vent on social media, which serves as a sounding board. FM7- Ranter raves on social media about 7. Students face a variety of challenges and one specific problem, but it's frequently difficulties in their daily lives. These more about the ranter's dislike of other situations lead them to rant on social media people. about social anxiety, the tension caused by 314 the aversive presence of other people. FM8- Annoying individuals drive the Another is personal concerns, such as ranter to vent on social media. internal conflict over self-expression, FM14- Because of stress, people rant on social media and use it to depict their feelings and selves. values, and viewpoints. Following that is politics, in which students express their thoughts and ideas in response to political controversy. It could occur as a result of FM19- Ranter use social media to express academic stress, duties, expectations, their intense emotions about an issue that family concerns, and the urge to express violates personal life morals and is illegal. emotions when things have gotten too much. These are just a few of the reasons FM37- The context of ranting is more why students frequently rant online. about personal beliefs, opinions, and disagreements. FM49- Ranting on social media usually occurs when the ranter is unable to bear all of the burdens that have been handled. FM50- Ranting on social media may occur as a result of academic concerns, social pressure, or family issues. 315 FM56- When a ranter can relate to the subject and feels compelled to share their thoughts in order to be relieved, ranting action occurs. FM62-Due to social issues, personal concerns, and political perspectives, ranters rant on social media. FM67- Ranters used to rant about politics and academic pressures. Ranting makes the person feel at ease and comforted. FM68- The ranter rants concerning personal and academic issues which they are dealing with in life. FM80- Personal issues, academic stress, work stress, and family problems are the causes of social media ranting. 316 FM92- Academic situations, academic responsibilities, and academic stress have all been causes to rant. FM9- Ranting on social media is a way to 8. Social media has been another form of express uncommon feelings and the need venting emotion. Some would prefer to get things out. venting with people or expressing through the act of throwing stuff. But, ranting is FM55- On social media, ranting is a way to another way to reduce anger, stress, or express thoughts about social/showbiz emotional distress. By ranting online, issues and politics in a way that can help negative feelings subside, and the student alleviate feelings. FM57- It's a form of release to rant on social media, particularly when there is no one to speak to in person. FM79- The way ranters rant on social media is paving the way for stress relief. It is escaping from unpleasant feelings. To feel satisfied and relieved from the stress of life's ups and downs. is relieved of stressors and problems. 317 FM86- Ranting is a way of expressing emotions in relation to academic concerns, social relationships, and random feelings. FM10- Ranter derives satisfaction from 9. The effects of raving on social media expressing himself without causing harm resulted in a highly emotional outcome to others. among students. The students feel satisfied when they are ranting, find it highly FM23- Ranting can affect the ranters’ therapeutic, and attain serenity and relief. emotions in different ways, such as the Students report less tension, a sense of feeling of guilt and concerns they may completion, and a sense of lightness in impart to others who read the rants. their feelings. However, the results are occasionally contrary since, in addition to FM41- Ranting on social media elicits a range of emotions and feelings depending on what kind of rants it is all about. FM43- At times, ranting can be therapeutic and allows the ranter to share his thoughts with others. relaxation, there will be a sense of guilt. Even so, the ranting helps the emotion gradually return to normal. 318 FM52- The ranter can lower their aversive feelings and return to his\her sensations through ranting on social media. FM71- Ranting can affect the ranter emotionally, but it usually relieves and calms the ranter's emotions. FM73- Ranter experience ranting on social media about schoolwork online and deleted the rants after being relieved. FM74- Social media rants regarding politics, academic issues, and personal opinions. FM82- Ranter developed the emotion of anger and that certain emotions changed, improving after he was satisfied and relieved of the need to express it on social media. 319 FM83- After experiencing a negative emotion, social media ranting assists the emotion in returning to a normal state. FM85- Ranting can increased a sense of fulfillment through letting out the negative energy stored within the self. FM91-Because of the pandemic and a lack of physical contact with one another and to talk to, ranting on social media has become therapeutic. FM95- Expressing feelings on social media shifts the emotion from one of heavy feelings to one of relief and lightens the burden afterwards. FM12-The ranter did not take things as 10. Student is prioritizing not to get seriously as he should have to prevent stressed. stress 320 FM13-Ranter frequently vents on Twitter 11. Student rant on social media are and encounters critics rebuked. FM16-Ranting provides both relief and 12. Students' moods benefit from ranting stress but is primarily used to relieve on social media. It brings relief, tranquility, burdens. and contentment. When students use social media to express themselves, it helps them FM18-While ranting may arouse negative become more enlightened and find a emotions, ranters continue to rant because solution to their problems. The student's it provides a sense of calm when unspoken thoughts and sentiments will aid expressing feelings FM40- After ranting, it provides a sense of relief and expresses opinions that enlighten others' thinking. FM46- Ranting on social media provides a sense of relief. FM47- After expressing, ranting on social media helps to relieve and lighten feelings. in their escape from the prison of burdens. 321 FM53- Social media ranting is beneficial as it helps the ranter to express himself and find a great solution to problems. FM58- While ranting on social media provide relief, the reaction of other users to the rant segment can affect the emotion in a variety of ways. FM60- Ranting on social media is beneficial because it provides another outlet for unspoken thoughts and feelings when no one is present to listen. FM64- Ranting online gives ranter satisfaction of being able to express his feelings and emotions about a particular issue. FM88- Ranting on social media could help the ranter feel relief. 322 FM15- Unlike ranting throughout person, 13. Ranting could be a secure place for the ranting on social media avoids being students' identity to be exposed without attacked and allows for self-disclosure via being stigmatized or criticized personally. a dummy account. FM44- On social media platforms, the ranter can express their opinions and thoughts without fear of being judged. FM20- Rants on social media allow people 14. Ranting is a way for students to to air their opinions and interact with express, address, and relate to one another. others. FM2- Many people can relate to ranting, and it can also address the person who provoked the ranter to rant. FM22- When others agree with the rants, it 15. Emotion is affected immediately after relaxes and overwhelms the ranter the act or ranting and by the responses of those who read the rants. When a student FM35- Ranting relieves feelings, but it rants and receives feedback or comments, deteriorates when someone tries to debate. 323 Responses from others have an impact on the emotion depends on whether the feelings after ranting response is positive or negative. If the feedback is positive, the student will most FM59- While ranting relieves stress and likely develop positive emotions; however, negative emotions, the reaction of others if the feedback is negative, the student will matters and can affect their emotions. FM65- Internet ranting can have a positive or negative effect on one's emotions, depending on the response received from others that could provide satisfaction or discouragement. FM66- Social media ranting has both positive and negative consequences. When the ranter's feedback is positive, it elicits happy emotions; when it is negative, it elicits dissatisfaction. FM94- Social media ranting initially relieves the ranter, but later it causes anxiety about how certain rants affect others who may read them. most likely develop negative emotions. 324 FM27- There's no reason to rant on social 16. A student expresses himself on social media at all. media for no apparent reason. FM28- Ranting will yield a neutral feeling. 17. The emotion associated with ranting It can release emotions, but they never last will be elicited neutrally. When a student after the act of ranting. feels happy immediately after ranting, negative feelings arise. After ranting on social media, one gets a sense of relief and guilt. FM77- Ranting relieves and satisfies, but it also causes guilt. FM31- Social media has evolved into a 18. Students utilize social media to keep a diary filled with rants that oppose the journal of their thoughts. ranter's point of view. FM38- Ranter was triggered by a specific 19. Students rant with the aim of raising issue involving injustice and publicly intends to encourage others. expressed a viewpoint on digital platforms in order to spread awareness. 325 FM39- Ranter uses social media to educate and express compassion for others. FM45- Ranting on social media is a 20. The student's decision to rant on social personal choice. media FM-51 Using social media to vent one's 21. Students frequently rage on social frustrations is a way for ranters to keep media to avoid unwanted public criticism. their personal matters out of the public eye and avoid being seen as negative individuals. FM54- This could have seemed that 22. Using social media to vent is a coping ranting on social media is a great way to method for dealing with pressure and unwind and reflect. It assists the individual stress. Also, to overcome via problemin coping with problems, which is solving techniques. necessary in order to think of better ways to resolve conflicts. FM81- Instead of expressing frustration personally, ranting on social media has now become a strategy to cope with and alleviate anxiety. 326 FM63- Many people nowadays have their 23. Phones are the most commonly used own gadgets, and as a result, their lives device, social media has become the have evolved to include social media, students' go-to. where expressing oneself is far faster than doing anything else online. FM69- People find social media a safe 24. Students felt validated by their feelings place to vent because they know their on social media, so they preferred to rant emotions will not be invalidated by the online. people they normally interact with in person. 327 APPENDIX F-3 DEVELOPMENT OF EMERGENT THEMES CLUSTER THEMES SUB -THEMES (11) (24) 1.Students (9) vent their Utilizing social media as a frustrations on social media venting place channels such as Facebook and Twitter. applications These have been chosen for their types and features that enable students to express themselves honestly about what leads them to feel undesirable feelings. Additionally, these are the only applications they have that are accessible. EMERGENT THEMES active and Expressing emotions and feelings 328 18. Students utilize social media to keep a journal of their thoughts. 23. Phones are the most commonly used device, social media has become the students’ go-to. 16. A student expresses himself on social media for no apparent reason. 2. Social media ranting has Ranting a positive effect gets because it allows them to thoughts and emotions that help alleviate being stressed, frustrated, and anxious in the face of an unpleasant of It diminishes and evokes on unpleasant emotions and unwanted emotions. students’ emotional states provokes feelings. express rid stimulus. However, it can negatively 329 impact students who rant encounter bullying, criticism, and reputation destruction from others, which can exacerbate the emotion. Instead of feeling feel better, it may aggravate the feelings. 9. The effects of raving on social media resulted in a highly emotional outcome among students. The students feel satisfied when they are ranting, find it highly therapeutic, and attain serenity and relief. Students report less tension, a sense of completion, and a sense of lightness in their feelings. results However, are the occasionally contrary since, in addition 330 to relaxation, there will be a sense of guilt. 11. Student rant on social media are rebuked. 17. The emotion associated Students found emotional with ranting will be elicited balance by ranting both neutrally. When a student positively and negatively feels happy immediately online. after ranting, negative feelings arise. 5. acquired The students’ emotions Students' emotions as a result of presented their ranting ranting will not last are fleeting. permanently. There will be a sense of relief immediately after that, but the original feeling will eventually return to its original state. 331 14. Ranting is a way for Students students to express, ranting purpose is to in Relay Feelings and to convey Connect with Others. address, and relate to one emotions towards others. another. 19. Student rant with the aim of raising intends to encourage others. 8. Social media has been Ranting on social media is Provide the Feeling of another form of venting comparable to conversing Social Support emotion. Some would with someone. prefer venting with people or expressing through the act of throwing stuff. But, ranting is another way to reduce anger, stress, or emotional ranting distress. online, By negative feelings subside, and the student is relieved stressors and problems. of 332 3. Some students regard social media as a haven from their problems and circumstances. Social media has evolved into an arena for the various topics that each social media user is drawn to do online. 6. Students believe that ranting on social media is equivalent to conversing with someone attentive to their rants. Social media has supplanted the network connection to provide comfort and alleviate mental distress. 13. Ranting could be a Hides personal identity in Avoiding secure place for the ranting. students' identity to be exposed without being Judgement Direct 333 stigmatized or criticized personally. 21. Students frequently rage on social media to avoid unwanted public criticism. 7. Students face a variety Personal, family, social, Due to personal, family, of challenges and and political issues are social, difficulties in their daily some of the problems concerns. lives. These situations lead vented online. them to rant on social media about social anxiety, the tension caused by the aversive presence of other people. Another is personal concerns, such as internal conflict over expression, values, selfand viewpoints. Following that is politics, students in express which their and political 334 thoughts and response to ideas in political controversy. It could occur as a result of academic stress, duties, expectations, family concerns, and the urge to express emotions when things have gotten too much. These are just a few of the reasons why students frequently rant online. 20. The student’s decision to rant on social media 335 4. Students use social media Emotions to be recognized Gaining to vent or express and accepted. Sense of Sympathy themselves in hopes of gaining sympathy. It will result in an improvement of feelings and a lightening of emotion. 24. Students felt validated by their feelings on social media, so they preferred to rant online. 10. Student is prioritizing Ranting provides students Serves not to get stressed. 12. Students' moods benefit from ranting on social media. It brings relief, contentment. a Coping introspection in dealing Mechanism that Provides life circumstances. tranquility, as and When Relief. 336 students use social media to express themselves, it helps them become more enlightened and find a solution to their problems. The student's unspoken thoughts and sentiments will aid in their escape from the prison of burdens. 22. Using social media to vent is a coping method for dealing with pressure and stress. Also, to overcome via problem-solving techniques. 15. Emotion is affected Feedbacks of ranting Obtain immediately after the act or affects the emotions of the Negative ranting and by the students. responses of those who read the rants. When a student rants and receives feedback Positive and Emotion through Feedbacks 337 or comments, the emotion depends on whether the response is positive or negative. If the feedback is positive, the student will most likely positive develop emotions; however, if the feedback is negative, the student will most likely negative emotions. develop 338 APPENDIX G DIAGRAM FOR COMMON THEMES Social Media Ranting: Its Causes and Effects to Emotional Well-being CAUSES OF THE INFROMANTS TO RANT ON SOCIAL MEDIA Due to Personal, Family, Social, and Political Concerns. Relay Feelings and Connect with Others. Expressing Emotions and Feelings EFFECTS OF RANTING TO INFORMANTS EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING Diminish and Evokes Unwanted Emotions. Provide the Feeling of Social Support Acquiring Validation of Feelings and Emotions 339 Gain Sense of Sympathy Coping Mechanism that Provides Relief. Avoiding Direct Judgement Obtain Positive and Negative Emotion through Feed backs 340 CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name : April Diane C. Birondo City Address : Mambaling, Cebu City Home Address : Naba Alaska Mambaling Cebu City E-mail Address : aprilbirondo10@gmail.com Contact Number :09150449109 EDUCATIONAL DATA Tertiary University of Cebu- Main Campus Course: Level: Bachelor of Art in Psychology 3rd Year Sanciangko St., Cebu City 6000 Secondary Senior High School Cebu Technological University- Main Campus Strand: HUMSS Elementary Alaska Elementary School 341 CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name : Pearl Jane Bongcales City Address : Sudlon Lahug, Cebu City Home Address : Looc, Ginatilan, Cebu E-mail Address : pearljane24@gmail.com Contact Number : 09551724816 EDUCATIONAL DATA Tertiary University of Cebu - Main Campus Course : Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Year Level : 3rd Year Secondary Guiwanon National High School Strand: General Academic Strand Elementary Guiwanon Elementary School 342 CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name : Carl Vincent A. Caballero City Address : Deca Homes Tisa Cebu City Home Address : Pitalo San Fernando, Cebu E-mail Address : carlcaballero12@gmail.com Contact Number : 09452589895 EDUCATIONAL DATA Tertiary University of Cebu - Main Campus Course : Bachelor of Arts in Psychology Year Level : 3rd Year Secondary University of Cebu- Pri Strand: HUMSS Elementary Pitalo Elementary School 343 CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DATA Name : Joann Fe S. Cabuga City Address : Aznar Sub. Laguna, Basak, Pardo, Cebu City Home Address : Bualan, Tubod, Lanao del Norte E-mail Address : cajfs@gmail.com Contact Number : 09078885027 EDUCATIONAL DATA Tertiary University of Cebu - Main Campus Course: Bachelor of Arts Major in Psychology Year Level: 3rd Year Secondary Arsenio A. Quibranza National High School Strand: General Academic Strand Elementary Bualan Elementary School