INTRODUCTION TO THE RAMS CONCEPT FOR ROAD TUNNEL OPERATIONS
CONTENTS
1.
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
2.
2.1.
2.2.
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 3
CONTEXT .................................................................................................... 3
TARGET AUDIENCE ....................................................................................... 3
AIM OF THE REPORT ..................................................................................... 3
LIMITATIONS OF THE REPORT AND THE INTERNATIONAL SURVEY ...................... 3
WHAT IS RAMS? ....................................................................... 5
WHY SHOULD THE RAMS APPROACH BE APPLIED?........................................ 6
WHEN SHOULD THE RAMS APPROACH BE APPLIED? ........................................ 6
3.
HOW CAN THE RAMS APPROCH BE APPLIED TO ROAD
TUNNEL OPERATIONS? ................................................................... 8
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
3.4.
3.5.
4.
PHASES AND TASKS OF A RAMS APPROACH ................................................... 8
APPLYING A RAMS APPOACH TO SYSTEMS ALREADY IN OPERATION .............. 11
RAMS DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS .................................................... 12
EXAMPLE OF USE OF THE RAMS APPROACH: REPLACEMENT OF A FAN .......... 12
EXAMPLE OF USE OF THE RAMS APPROACH: TUNNEL RETROFIT PROJECT ..... 12
INTERNATIONAL SITUATION WITH REGARD TO RAMS ..... 14
4.1.
4.2.
RAMS AND MAINTENANCE-RELATED STANDARDS OR RECOMMENDATIONS ..... 14
USE OF RAMS-BASED APPROACHES IN THE ROAD TUNNEL SECTOR:
INTERNATIONAL SURVEY ....................................................................................... 17
5.
EXAMPLES OF RAMS-BASED APPROACHES IN VARIOUS
COUNTRIES ..................................................................................... 22
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
5.6.
5.7.
NORWAY ................................................................................................... 22
AUSTRALIA ............................................................................................... 22
SPAIN ....................................................................................................... 23
FRANCE .................................................................................................... 24
SWITZERLAND ........................................................................................... 24
AUSTRIA ................................................................................................... 26
CONCLUSION OF WORLDWIDE APPLICATIONS OF RAMS IN THE ROAD SECTOR 27
6.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................... 28
7.
GLOSSARY ............................................................................. 29
8.
REFERENCES ......................................................................... 30
9.
APPENDICES .......................................................................... 31
9.1.
9.2.
APPENDIX A: RIYADH METRO ..................................................................... 31
APPENDIX B: MINIMUM OPERATING REQUIREMENTS (MORS) ....................... 31
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