DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
1. Definitions
● Nutrients: materials needed by living things for
_____________________________ .
● Autotrophic – able to make its ________
● Heterotrophic – must get food from the __________________ .
● Digestion – breakdown of _________ compounds into smaller, _____________
compounds (polymers to monomers).
2. Digestive organs and Functions:
ORGAN
1. Mouth
2.Esophagu
s
Salivary
Glands
FUNCTION
a. mechanical digestion –
b. chemical digestion
a)_____________________________________________________________
_
b) Peristalsis: the rhythmic muscular _____________ that help push
food throughout the digestive system.
Secretes the enzyme – Salivary Amylase (Saliva) into our mouth
to help digest (break down) of ______________ into ______________.
Food is changed from a solid to a liquid form and proteins
are broken into amino acids.
Stomach
Chemical digestion – _____________________
a. Acid - __________________________
b. enzymes - _________________________ digestion.
A) Most _______________ digestion takes place here. (Fats)
B) ______________ in the small intestine:
● Simple sugar are digested by ______________________.
● Fatty acids are digested by ________________________.
● ____________ (amino acids) digested by proteases
● ____________ digested by nucleases.
Small
Intestine
C) The lining of the small intestine is covered with folds containing
millions of tiny fingerlike projections called ________ . This greatly
increases the _______________ for absorption.
D) Villi - __________________________________________________.
E) ______________________________ into the capillaries of the blood
stream (VILLI help maximize this absorption) so nutrients can be
delivered to all of our cells.
Pancreas
Large
Intestine
Functions of the Large Intestine:
1.
2. Form stool (undigested food) for elimination
3. What is the function of villi and how do they work to perform this function?
4. Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine. Where does this glucose go and what is it used
for?