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Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing
1.
An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a master’s degree is
considered to be an expert in her area of practice and works on an oncology unit in a large teaching hospital. Based upon
this description, which of the following career roles best describes this nurse’s role, taking into account her
qualifications and experience?
A)
Clinical nurse specialist
B)
Nurse entrepreneur
C)
Nurse practitioner
D)
Nurse educator
Ans: A
Feedback:
A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or experience who is considered to be an expert
in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical nurse specialist carries out direct patient care; consultation; teaching of
patients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings
to deliver primary care. A nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical
setting. A nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
2.
What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a
plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes?
A)
Nursing process
B)
ANA Standards of Professional Performance
N
C)
Evidence-based practice guidelines
D)
Nurse Practice Acts
Ans: A
Feedback:
The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice. Nurses implement their roles through the nursing
process. The nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish
and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established
outcomes.
3.
Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine whether an
action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A)
American Nurses Association (ANA)
B)
American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C)
National League for Nursing (NLN)
D)
International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Ans: A
Feedback:
The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities specific and unique
to nursing. The AACN addresses educational standards, while the NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing.
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TEST BANK FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION BY TAYLOR
C)
Test results
D)
Assessment data
Ans: A
Feedback:
In this case, the primary source of information is the client’s wife, as she can provide a detailed description of the
incident as well as provide the medical history of the client. The medical files, test results, and assessment data are
secondary sources of information.
22.
The nurse is performing an assessment of a client who has a small wound on the knee, collecting cues about the client’s
health status. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a subjective cue?
A)
Sharp pain in the knee
B)
Small bloody drainage on dressing
C)
Temperature of 102 degrees F
D)
Pulse rate of 90 beats per minute
Ans: A
Feedback:
Sharp pain in the knee is an example of a subjective cue. Subjective cues are imperceptible, immeasurable, and abstract.
Small bloody drainage on dressing, a temperature of 102 degrees F, and a pulse rate of 90 beats per minute are examples
of objective cues.
23.
A nurse caring for a client admitted to the intensive
care unit with a stroke assesses the client’s vital signs, pupils, and
N
orientation every few minutes. The nurse is performing which type of assessment?
A)
Initial assessment
B)
Focused assessment
C)
Time-lapsed reassessment
D)
Emergency assessment
Ans: B
Feedback:
The nurse is performing a focused assessment to determine whether the problem still exists, and whether the status of the
problem has changed. An initial or admission assessment is the initial identification of normal function, functional
status, and collection of data concerning actual or potential dysfunction. Time-lapsed reassessment is performed after the
initial assessment when substantial periods of time have elapsed between assessments. An emergency assessment is
performed any time a physiologic, psychological, or emotional crisis occurs.
24.
When the nurse inspects a postoperative incision site for infection, which one of the following types of assessments is
being performed?
A)
Complete
B)
Focused
C)
General
D)
Time-lapse
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TEST BANK FOR FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION BY TAYLOR
9.
A physician has ordered that a medication be given “stat” for a client who is having an anaphylactic drug reaction. At
what time would the nurse administer the medication?
A)
At the next scheduled medication time
B)
Immediately after the order is noted
C)
Not until verifying it with the client
D)
Whenever the client asks for it
Ans: B
Feedback:
A stat order is a single order, and it is carried out immediately. This is a legal order. The nurse would not wait until the
next scheduled medication time or verify the order with the client. With a p.r.n. order, the client receives medication
when it is requested or required.
10.
What does the nurse do to verify an order for a medication listed on a medication administration record (MAR)?
A)
Compare it with the original physician’s order.
B)
Ask another nurse what the drug is.
C)
Look up the drug in a textbook.
D)
Call the pharmacist for verification.
Ans: A
Feedback:
N
In many institutions, the medication order is copied onto the client’s medication record. The nurse is responsible for
checking that the medication order was transcribed correctly by comparing it with the original physician’s order.
11.
A nurse is administering a medication that is formulated as enteric-coated tablets. What is the rationale for not crushing
or chewing enteric-coated tablets?
A)
To prevent absorption in the mouth
B)
To prevent absorption in the esophagus
C)
To facilitate absorption in the stomach
D)
To prevent gastric irritation
Ans: D
Feedback:
Enteric-coated tablets are covered with a hard surface to impede absorption until the tablet has left the stomach. Entericcoated tablets should not be chewed or crushed because the active ingredient of the drug is irritating to the gastric
mucosa.
12.
A nurse is administering a liquid medication to an infant. Where will the nurse place the medication to prevent
aspiration?
A)
Between the gum and the cheek
B)
In front of the teeth and gums
C)
On the front of the tongue
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A do not resuscitate (DNR) order means that no attempts are to be made to resuscitate a client who stops breathing or
whose heart stops beating. The physician must write an order for this if the client or surrogate has expressed a wish that
there be no attempts to resuscitate.
16.
A terminally ill client, in severe pain, asks a nurse to help her die. What must the nurse consider morally, ethically, and
professionally before answering the client?
A)
ANA Code for Nurses, ethical and professional standards
B)
Own personal moral and ethical values and standards
C)
Hospital or agency procedures and protocols
D)
Medical Code of Ethics, belief in active euthanasia
Ans: A
Feedback:
The ANA Code of Ethics, the ethical traditions and goals of the nursing profession, and nursing’s covenant with society,
all affirm that it is a violation for nurses to participate in assisting in a suicide and active euthanasia (assisting a client to
die).
17.
Which of the following persons is responsible for handling and filing a death certificate with proper authorities?
A)
Mortician
B)
Physician
C)
Nurse
D)
Hospital administrator
N
Ans: A
Feedback:
U.S. law requires that a death certificate be prepared for each person who dies. The law specifies what information needs
to be supplied. Death certificates are sent to local health departments, which compile many statistics from the
information. The mortician assumes responsibility for handling and filing the death certificate with proper authorities. A
physician’s signature is required on the certificate, as well as that of the pathologist, the coroner, and others in special
cases. The nurse’s responsibility is to ensure that the physician has signed a death certificate.
18.
Although all of the following are factors that affect grief, which one is most likely to influence a person’s expression of
grief?
A)
Socioeconomic factors
B)
Cultural influences
C)
Religious influences
D)
Cause of death
Ans: B
Feedback:
Both the physical and emotional manifestations of grief may be culturally influenced. Culture also influences a person’s
expression of grief.
19.
A dying client is undergoing terminal weaning. What is the purpose of this intervention?
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