Trial and Martyrdom of Jose Rizal Good day and welcome to the seventh installment of our course on the Life and Works of Jose Rizal. In this lesson, we will delve into the trial and martyrdom of Jose Rizal, focusing on the events surrounding his trial and execution. We will also discuss the manifesto he wrote regarding the 1896 Philippine revolution and his poem 'Mi Ultimo Adios'. Objectives: By the end of this lesson, you will be able to achieve the following learning outcomes: • Describe the trial of Jose Rizal • Explain the reasons behind Rizal's trial and execution • Infer Rizal's participation in the 1896 Philippine revolution • Examine the implications of Jose Rizal's death on the Philippine revolution and the Spanish colonial regime's interpersonal relationship • Form conclusions and judgments about the trial and verdict of Jose Rizal and his attitude towards the Philippine revolution • Infer Rizal's ideas and philosophies through his last poem, "Mi Ultimo Adios." I. Timeline of Jose Rizal’s arrest, trial and martyrdom* •August 1, 1896: Rizal bade farewell to the Dapitan students and neighbors, and sailed for Manila with his wife and sister. •August 5, 1896: Jacinto and others disguised as sailors went to the S. S. España to save Rizal, but he refused to escape. •September 3, 1896: Rizal departed for Barcelona with letters of introduction from the Governor-General to the Secretaries of War and Foreign Affairs in Spain. •October 6, 1896: Rizal was brought to Montjuic Prison in Barcelona at 3:00 AM and interviewed with General Eulogio Despujol at 2:00 PM. At 8:00 PM, he left Barcelona for Manila aboard the Colon. •November 3, 1896: Rizal was brought to Fort Santiago, where he appeared before Judge Advocate Colonel Francisco Olive in a preliminary investigation that lasted five days. •November 26, 1896: Governor-General Ramon Blanco handed over the records of the case to Captain Rafael Dominguez, who was appointed as special Judge Advocate. •December 8, 1896: Rizal chose Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade's brother to be his trial lawyer from a list submitted to him by the authorities. He was only made to choose among army officers and not a civilian lawyer. •December 11, 1896: Rizal was read the charges against him in his prison cell for the crime of having founded illicit associations and for having incited and promoted rebellion. • December 26, 1896: Rizal's trial began at the Cuartel de España, and on the same day, the court-martial secretly and unanimously voted for a guilty verdict with the penalty of death before a firing squad. • December 29, 1896: Rizal was read his verdict by Captain Rafael Dominguez at 6:00 AM and was to be shot the next day at 7:00 AM at the Luneta de Bagumbayan (Rizal Park). • December 30, 1896: Rizal spent time alone in his cell, had breakfast with Fr. Antonio Rosell and Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade, and was visited by other priests, a Spanish journalist, and wrote his last poem of 14 stanzas in his flowing handwriting. • December 30, 1896 (continued): Rizal was transferred to the chapel cell, where Jesuit priests Fathers Miguel Saderra Mata and Fr. Luis Viza were his first visitors. • December 30, 1896 (continued): Rizal was visited by other priests throughout the day, and at 7:15 AM, he asked Fr. Viza for the Sacred Heart statuette he carved when he was an Ateneo student, which he kept with him until his execution. • December 30, 1896 (continued): At 6:00 PM, Rizal wrote a letter to his family, and at 10:00 PM, he was visited by Lt. Andrade, who gave him a crucifix, which Rizal wore until his execution. • December 30, 1896 (continued): Rizal was visited by Fr. Balaguer at 11:00 PM and wrote his last letter to his family at 12:00 midnight. • December 31, 1896: Rizal was executed by a firing squad at 7:03 AM at the Luneta de Bagumbayan. Here are the sumary of main events in Jose Rizal’s arrest, trial, and martyrdom: • August 1, 1896: Rizal leaves Dapitan for Manila with his wife and sister • August 5, 1896: An attempt to rescue Rizal fails • September 3, 1896: Rizal departs for Barcelona • October 6, 1896: Rizal is arrested and brought to Montjuic Prison in Barcelona • November 3, 1896: Rizal is brought to Fort Santiago in Manila • November 20, 1896: Preliminary investigation begins • December 11, 1896: Rizal is charged with "fomenting and propagating the ideas of rebellion" • December 29, 1896: Rizal is read his death verdict and is to be executed the next day • December 30, 1896: Rizal is executed at the Luneta de Bagumbayan Synopsis The events surrounding the arrest, trial, and martyrdom of Jose Rizal are a significant part of Philippine history. In August 1896, Rizal left Dapitan and sailed for Manila with his wife and sister. An attempt was made to rescue him, but he refused to escape. He departed for Barcelona, Spain, with letters of introduction from the Governor-General to the Secretaries of War and Foreign Affairs. Upon his arrival, Rizal was taken to Montjuic Prison in Barcelona, and later boarded the Colon for Manila. He was brought to Fort Santiago, where other patriots, including his brother Paciano, were being tortured to implicate him. The preliminary investigation began with Rizal appearing before Judge Advocate Colonel Francisco Olive, and the records of the case were handed over to Governor-General Ramon Blanco. Rizal read the charges against him, and Governor-General Camilo de Polavieja signed the death verdict. On December 30, 1896, Rizal was shot to death at the Luneta de Bagumbayan. Throughout his imprisonment, Rizal was visited by Jesuit priests, a Spanish journalist, and other individuals, and wrote his last poem, "Mi Ultimo Adios." II. Reactions to the Passage of Rizal Law •This topic discusses two controversial laws in the Philippines: the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (RH Law) and the Rizal Law. Both laws were met with opposing reactions from Filipinos, particularly from the Catholic Church. •The RH Law is a law that promotes responsible parenthood, reproductive health, and gender equality. It provides Filipinos access to information, education, and services related to family planning and reproductive health. The Catholic Church strongly opposed this law, arguing that it violated their freedom of conscience and religion. •On the other hand, the Rizal Law mandates the teaching of the life and works of Jose Rizal, a national hero of the Philippines, in all public and private schools. The Catholic Church also strongly opposed this law, arguing that Rizal's novels attacked Catholic dogmas and that he retracted his supposed attacks on the Catholic Church before he was executed. • Despite the opposition, both laws were eventually passed with compromises that aimed to address the concerns of opposing sides. For example, the Rizal Law included an exemption clause for those who feel that their faith is damaged by reading Rizal's novels. means that that students who belong to certain religious groups can be excused from reading the novels and still fulfill the requirements of the law. • Overall, this topic illustrates the complexities and challenges of passing laws that can benefit society while also respecting the values and beliefs of different groups. It also highlights the importance of open and respectful dialogue in finding common ground and reaching compromises that can benefit all parties involved. Simplified Opposition of Church towards Rizal Law The main reason for the Church's opposition to the Rizal Law is rooted in its concern that the law would undermine the Catholic faith in the Philippines, which is predominantly Catholic. Some members of the Church believed that Rizal's works and writings contained anti-Catholic teachings, such as criticisms of the Church's role in society and the friars' abuses during the Spanish colonial period. They feared that exposing students to these works would lead to a decline in religious faith and a rise in secularism. Te Quiz ta? CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE TAMANG SAGOT!!! 1. When did Rizal leaves Dapitan for Manila with his wife and sister? A. August 5, 1896 2. When did Rizal is brought to Fort Santiago in Manila? B. 3. When did Preliminary investigation begins? June 19, 1861 C. November 20, 1896 4. When did Rizal is executed at the Luneta de Bagumbayan? 5. When did Rizal came out of his mothers womb? D. December 30, 1896 6. When did Rizal is arrested and brought to Montjuic Prison in Barcelona? E. September 3, 1896 7. When did An attempt to rescue Rizal fails F. August 1, 1896 8. When did Rizal departs for Barcelona? G. October 6, 1896 9. When did Rizal is read his death verdict and is to be executed the next day? H. December 29, 1896 10. When did Rizal is charged with "fomenting and propagating the ideas of rebellion"? I. November 3, 1896 J. December 11, 1896 May ara pa? ALANGAN!!! Para sa tumatagingting na limang points: Explain the reason why the church strongly opposes the Passage of Rizal Law ADD YOUR TITLE HERE THANKS Add your words here,According to your need to draw the text box size.Please read the instructions and more. Add your words here. Add your words here,According to your need to draw the text box size.Please read the instructions and more. Add your words here. III. Jose Rizal and the 1896 Philippine Revolution The topic is about the debated role of Jose Rizal in the 1896 Philippine Revolution. The 1896 Philippine Revolution was a pivotal event in Philippine history that sought to overthrow Spanish colonial rule. Despite Rizal being widely regarded as the national hero of the Philippines, there is still a debate about his involvement in the revolution. The passage mentions that both sides of the debate present arguments and evidence to prove whether or not Rizal had a role or participation in the revolution. The passage then lists several facts that are recognized as factual and true by both sides. These facts include the use of Rizal's name and portrait by the Katipunan (a revolutionary society), the heeding of Rizal's advice by the Katipunan regarding the planned rebellion, and the involvement of Rizal's family members in the Katipunan. Additionally, the passage mentions that Andres Bonifacio, the founder of the Katipunan, made a Tagalog translation of Rizal's last poem, "Mi Ultimo Adios," which had inspired the revolutionaries. The poem praises the revolutionaries for their sacrifices in the struggle for Philippine independence. ARGUMENTS • The use of Jose Rizal's name and image by the Katipunan suggests that he was a symbol of the movement, whether or not he actively participated in it. • The fact that the Katipunan heeded Rizal's advice about the planned rebellion suggests that he had some influence on the revolutionaries, even if he did not take up arms himself. • The attempts to rescue Rizal suggest that the revolutionaries saw him as an important figure, either for his symbolic value or for his potential as a leader. • The fact that Rizal's family members joined the Katipunan suggests that they were sympathetic to the cause and that Rizal himself may have indirectly supported the movement. • The translation of Rizal's works by Bonifacio and others suggests that they saw him as a literary and intellectual inspiration, and that his ideas played a role in shaping the revolutionary movement. • Rizal's praise for the revolutionaries in "Mi Ultimo Adios" suggests that he supported their cause, even if he did not actively participate in the armed struggle. IV. Jose Rizal and the 1896 Philippine Revolution Jose Rizal is a national hero in the Philippines and is recognized for his various works and contributions to the country's struggle for independence from Spanish colonial rule. One of his most famous literary pieces is the poem known as "Mi Ultimo Adios" or "My Last Farewell." So what is Mi Ultimo Adios? • "Mi Ultimo Adios" is a 14-stanza poem considered as one of Rizal's best works. • The poem was written while Rizal was imprisoned on December 29, 1896. • The original manuscript of the poem was hidden in an alcohol stove/burner and was later found and unfolded delicately by Rizal's sisters. • The title "Mi Ultimo Adios" was given by Mariano Ponce. • Rizal praises the revolutionaries in his poem for giving their lives "without doubt" and "without gloom." • The poem has become an important symbol of Rizal's patriotism and love for his country, the Philippines. It is often cited in discussions about Philippine history and national identity. • "Mi Ultimo Adios" is one of the last pieces of writing that Rizal produced before his execution. Summary "Mi Ultimo Adios" serves as a powerful reminder of Rizal's legacy and the sacrifices he made for his country. It is a testament to his patriotism and love for his fellow Filipinos, which continues to inspire people to this day. THANKS Susi sa pag unlad • August 1, 1896: Rizal leaves Dapitan for Manila with his wife and sister • August 5, 1896: An attempt to rescue Rizal fails • September 3, 1896: Rizal departs for Barcelona • October 6, 1896: Rizal is arrested and brought to Montjuic Prison in Barcelona • November 3, 1896: Rizal is brought to Fort Santiago in Manila • November 20, 1896: Preliminary investigation begins • December 11, 1896: Rizal is charged with "fomenting and propagating the ideas of rebellion" • December 29, 1896: Rizal is read his death verdict and is to be executed the next day • December 30, 1896: Rizal is executed at the Luneta de Bagumbayan • JUNE 19,1861: rizal birthdate FOR THE ESSAY: The main reason for the Church's opposition to the Rizal Law is rooted in its concern that the law would undermine the Catholic faith in the Philippines, which is predominantly Catholic. Some members of the Church believed that Rizal's works and writings contained anti-Catholic teachings, such as criticisms of the Church's role in society and the friars' abuses during the Spanish colonial period. They feared that exposing students to these works would lead to a decline in religious faith and a rise in secularism.
