X
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
10
Zest for Progress
Z P
eal of
artnership
ENGLISH
Quarter 4 – Module 1
Technical Terms Used in Research
0
Name of Learner:
___________________________
Grade & Section:
___________________________
Name of School:
___________________________
What I Need to Know
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You are now on the final phase of your Junior High School. In this stage, you will still
make a lot of discoveries that will help you become more enhanced in thinking critically and
KNOW
more
inquisitively through research.
This module was designed to help you distinguish the technical terms used in research.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations especially
in conducting research to aid you to become more creative and have the sense to work
systematically to increase your knowledge. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students, and the lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of
the course.
This module contains a lesson that will lead you to:
Learning Competency: Distinguish technical terms used in research
(EN10V-Iva-30)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
• Define research;
• Familiarize the technical terms used in research;
• Distinguish technical terms used in research; and
• Formulate interview guide questions or survey questionnaire.
What I Know
Activity 1 What You Know is What You Get
Directions: In this activity, you are going to check what you already know about the lesson.
Solve the crossword puzzle by writing the correct terms used in research that correspond to their
meaning. Clues are also provided.
2
Down
F
1. Contains related information such
as graphs, charts, tables, lists
2. Lists all the sources in the research
3. Summarizes all sections and helps
readers decide whether or not to read
the entire report
3
1A
4R
R
S
B
R
E
5
N
T
N
X
Across
4. Establishes facts and new findings
through a systematic investigation
5. Presents background information,
scope, and focus of the research paper
1
What’s In
Activity 2: Develop Your Idea
Directions: Recall how you came up with your argumentative essay in the previous quarter. You
also did some research to get information to support your details. By activating your prior
knowledge and skills learned, you are to gather information through conducting research. Decide
on a local heritage that you would like to preserve. Talk about its importance, its history, and
influence on your culture. Use the template to complete this activity. Afterwards, answer the
questions that follow.
Information from Social and Print Media
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
Views of the family
members
Information from Other
Sources
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
_____________________.
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
______________________.
1. Based on the activity above, how do you define research?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. How do you come up with a research?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
2
What’s New
Activity 3: Pick and Write
Directions: The 10-Einstein class was asked by their teacher to conduct survey research to the
Grade 10 parents if they are in favor of conducting face-to-face classes next school year. All
learners were excited for the activity. They were asked to do it through online survey. From the
list below, pick out the terms that you think would be important in their research, and write it in
the box provided.
Abstract
Amortization
Appendix
Interview
Parliament
Pleas
Puzzling
Questionnaire
Reconciliation
Reference
Results
Solidarity
Tale
University
Volitional
Activity 4: Complete Me
Directions: Complete the following statements by filling in the ideas about research.
1. These technical terms used in research are essential because ______________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
2. One of the most familiar terms in research I know is _____________________________
because __________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
3
What Is It
In this part of the module, you will develop thoughts or knowledge that will help you
understand better the discussion of the lesson. This ensures that you will discover and understand
new concepts and skills. Moreover, this section will provide you more information about the
terms used in research. It is expected that you will be guided by the tasks or activities in assessing
your knowledge.
Research establishes facts and new findings through a systematic investigation to
contribute to an existing body of knowledge
Technical Terms Used in Research
•
Research Title is a subject or topic that researcher finds interesting when conducting
research. This needs to be narrowed down which will focus on the main idea.
•
Abstract summarizes all sections and helps readers decide whether or not to read the
entire report.
•
Introduction presents background information, scope, and focus of the research paper.
•
Literature Review provides a review of what others have written or researched on
concerning the topic. In some research reports, concept literature, research literature,
theoretical framework, conceptual framework, research hypothesis, and definition of
terms are also included.
•
Methodology explains how the research was conducted. These include the research
design, population and sampling procedure, research instrument, data gathering
procedure, and data analysis procedure.
•
Discussion presents the information gathered through the research.
•
Conclusion provides the summary of the research. It brings the report to closure by
giving emphasis to ideas stated previously.
•
Results contain other related information such as graphs, charts, tables, and lists.
4
•
Cultural mapping refers to a research tool to holistically understand the cultural assets of
a place based on the local knowledge of the people.
•
Interview is a conversational practice where knowledge is produced through the
interaction between an interviewer and an interviewee or a group of interviewees.
•
Interview Guide summarizes the content that researchers cover during interviews. At one
extreme, it may provide very minimal directions, leading to “less structured” interviews that
are designed primarily to explore the participant’s own perspective on the research topic.
Tips for Formulating Questions
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
•
Pose open, rather than closed questions.
Sequence interview questions from broad to narrow.
Avoid the inclusion of possible responses in questions.
Pose one question at a time.
Avoid posing multi-part questions.
Questionnaire is a set of questions to gather information in a survey. It may be in a form of
open-end format that allows the respondents to answer in any way he or she wishes in his or
her term, multiple choice format that presents a question which is followed by a set of options
pre-determined by the researcher, or checklist format that is used exclusively or with some
use of free-response option.
Tips for Writing a Great Survey Questionnaire
1. Focus on asking closed-ended questions.
2. Keep your survey questions neutral.
3. Keep a balanced set of answer choices.
4. Don’t ask for two things at once.
5. Keep your questions different from each other.
6. Let most of your questions be optional to answer.
•
Survey is a statistical analysis of answers to a poll of a sample of a population, e.g. to
determine opinions, or knowledge.
•
Plagiarism occurs when ideas, information, and even pictures are used without proper
acknowledgement of the original sources. Providing in-text citation or parenthetical text
from another source is a surefire method to avoid plagiarism.
✓ Running Text
According to Shane (2021), use of in-text citation shows that the idea is not yours
and that you acknowledge its rightful source.
✓ Within Parenthesis
The use of in-text citation shows that the idea is not yours and that you
acknowledge its original source (Shane, 2001).
•
Reference is a list of all sources used in research.
•
Appendix contains related information such as graphs, charts, tables, lists.
5
What’s More
Activity 5: Identify Me
Directions: Read the following statements very well. Distinguish the terms used in research that
correspond to the statements. Choose your answer from the pool of terms in the box. Write your
answer on the space provided.
Interview Guide
Reference
Plagiarism
Methodology
Literature Review
Research Title
_____________________ 1. It pertains to the inclusion of question-based or topic based. This
may be used in the form of general questions.
_____________________ 2. It discusses published information in a particular subject area.
_____________________ 3. It is the part where you indicated the research instrument.
_____________________ 4. It is placed where you remember that it is important to give credit
where it is due. This means you acknowledge the author’s work.
_____________________ 5. It refers to the process of using the information without giving
due credit to the writer.
Activity 6: What Do You Think
Directions: Study the sample terms applied in writing research report. Distinguish how the terms
were used based on the content provided. Answer the question for each item by writing the letter
on the space before the number.
A.
This study was conducted to determine the possible correlation among language
learning attitudes, linguistic competence, and academic performance in English among
the Grade 10 students of Geras Integrated School, Isabela City, Zamboanga Peninsula
during the school year 2016-2020. This was done to provide empirical data to support
Gardner’s Socio-educational Model of Second Language Acquisition. Gardner (1985)
hypothesized that L2 learners with positive learning attitudes toward the target culture
and people will learn the target language more effectively than those who do not have
positive attitudes.
Source: Garil, Benigno . 2017. “Language Learning Attitudes, Linguistic Competence, and Academic
Performance of Grade 10 Students.” Thesis, Western Mindanao State University.
_______ 1. What technical term in research was applied in the example above?
A. Abstract
B. Body
C. Plagiarism
D. Questionnaire
6
B.
Alieto, Ericson O. (2013). Study Habits vis-avis Academic Performance of Senior Laboratory School of Western
Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City
Aque, Joyce R. (2015) Learning Style vis-à-vis Linguistic Competence of Elementary School Teachers
Baker, S.K., Simmons, D.C., &Kameenul, E.J. “Vocabulary Acquisition: Synthesis of Research , Technical report
No. 13 for the National Center to Improve the Tools of Educators, University of Oregon, 1995,
Barnette, M. (1989). Moore than Meets the eye. NJ. Prentice Hall
_______ 2. What technical term is used in the second example above?
A. Appendix
B. Reference
C. Introduction
D. Results
_______ 3. What technical term is used when you want to get knowledge from interacting to a
group of people?
A. Reference
B. Interview
C. Results
D. Abstract
_______ 4. What do you call these pieces of information taken from a survey written in forms
of graphs, tables, and charts?
A. Literature Review B. Plagiarism
C. Results
D. Introduction
_______ 5. What research tool can be used in a research if you are trying to know the
background of each of your classmates?
A. Cultural Mapping B. Reference
C. Running Text
D. Body
What I Have Learned
Activity 7: Sharing My Learning
Directions: Assess your learning by completing the statements below.
A.
In
this
lesson,
I
learned
that
research
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
These
technical
terms
can
be
distinguished
by
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.
7
What I Can Do
Activity 8: Choose One and Write
Directions: Using the given situation, come up with either an interview guide or a survey
questionnaire by filling in the dummy. See the sample interview guide and survey questionnaire
below. Be guided with the given rubrics.
You have observed that there have been many changes brought by COVID-19. During the
pandemic, you have also discovered many things about yourselves, about your family, and even
about life.
Now, you are tasked to write an interview guide or survey questionnaire about the new
discoveries of your classmates during the pandemic. You have to know the distinctions between
these two technical terms used in research.
A. Sample Interview Guide
Selfies and their Impact on Mood and Behavior
(Short Title about the Interview)
In this interview, we want to know what selfies mean to you and the impact
on mood and behavior of posting them on social media. Kindly answer the
questions honestly.
(Short description of what the interview is about)
Guide Questions
1. (Question) In your opinion, what are selfies?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
2. (Question) Do you post a lot of selfies on your Facebook account?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
3. (Question) On what occasions do you find yourself taking selfies?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
4. (Question) When do you decide to post them on your social media page?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
5. (Question) How do you feel when you post selfies on Facebook or other social
media?
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
8
B. Sample Questionnaires
Environmental Conservation Measures
Questionnaire for Grade 10 Students
A. Please check the measures that you undertake or practice. Rank them in the order of their
frequency, with number 1 being the most frequent practice.
______1. Avoid kaingin system
______2. Implement government policies like no dynamite fishing
______3. Implement reforestation
______4. Have a regular coastal clean-up drive
______5. Practice solid waste management through the 3 Rs
______6. Control population
______7. Do not abuse our natural resources
Survey on My Writing Disposition
Indicate your level of awareness on the following environmental conservation measures using the
scale below. Place a check mark on the space provided.
1 – Very much aware
2 – Much aware
3 – Aware
4 – Not fully aware
5 - No knowledge at all
Statements
1
1. Implement agroforestry
2. Formulate a policy to prevent degradation of habitat
3. Aspire for sustainable agriculture like land tenure
4. Impose watershed protection changes
5. Use transferrable development rights and conservation
6. Conduct environment training in the barangay
9
2
3
4
5
Interview Guide
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Guide Questions
1. (Question) ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. (Question) _____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
3. (Question) ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
4. (Question) ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
5. (Question) ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
Rubrics in formulating the interview guide
Category
Expert
(20 points)
The learner correctly
filled out
all the
information in given
format.
Intermediate
(15 points)
The learner correctly
filled out some of the
information in the
given format.
Guide Questions
All guide questions
are appropriate and
related to the main
topic.
Some guide questions
are appropriate and
related to the main
topic.
Beginner
(10 points)
The learner
incorrectly filled out
some of the
information in the
given format.
All Guide questions
are inappropriate and
related to the main
topic.
Grammar and
Punctuations
All statements are
written correctly
following the
grammatical
structures and
punctuations.
Some statements are
written correctly
following the
grammatical
structures and
punctuations.
All statements are
written incorrectly
following the
grammatical
structures and
punctuations.
Format
Total
Score
/60
10
Survey Questionnaire
Rubrics in formulating the Survey Questionnaire
Category
Content
The content is
related to the main
topic.
Accuracy
The type of
questionnaire used
is accurate.
Excellent
20 points
All
pieces
of
information
are
relevant to the main
topic.
The type of
questionnaire helps
answer the given
problem/issue.
Grammar and
All statements are
Punctuations
grammatically
The statements are written.
written correctly
following
grammatical
structures
and
punctuations.
Total
Average
15 points
Some pieces of
information are
relevant to the main
topic.
The type of
questionnaire used
somehow helps
answer the given
problem/issue.
Some of the
statements are
grammatically
written.
Beginner
Score
10 points
The pieces of
information are not
relevant to the main
topic.
The type of
questionnaire used
does not help answer
the given
problem/issue.
None of the statements
are grammatically
written.
/60
11
Assessment
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the
space before the number.
____1. This is the part where researchers present the purpose of their research.
A. Introduction
B. Interviewing
C. Interview Guide D. Methodology
____2. What technical term is used when you acknowledge the sources used in research?
A. Results
B. Discussion
C. Appendix
D. Reference
____3. Which among the following choices is NOT an example of running text?
A. According to Mualim (2021), you should adjust the world, not the world will adjust
you.
B. According to Ferrer (2019), where God guides, He provides.
C. According to Luna 2010 life is a fruitful harvest.
D. According to Remandaban (2020), you can’t buy trust, but you can lose it.
____ 4. Which of the following terms is used when you indicate the procedure on how you
conducted the research?
A. References
B. Methodology
C. Literature Review D. Appendix
____ 5. Which of the following information is placed in the Appendix?
A. Questionnaire
B. Literature Review C. Introduction
D. Conclusion
____ 6. Which term is used when you give interest to the reader to read the entire report?
A. Interview
B. Abstract
c. Literature Review D. Reference
____ 7. All of the examples used are forms of questions in writing a questionnaire EXCEPT:
A. Checklist on students’ favorite movie genres
B. Interview Guide
C. A Rating Scale in Agreeing or Disagreeing with opening of classes
D. Students’ pastime using multiple choice format
_____ 8. In research, what do you mostly need when you want to determine the percentage of
Grade 10 students who find difficulties in using online platform for learning?
A. Conduct a survey.
B. Provide the answers.
C. Prepare the findings.
D. Write the summary.
_____9. Which do you think could be the narrowest research title about “Environmental
Awareness”?
A. Environmental Awareness of Students
B. Environmental Awareness among Learners
C. Environmental Awareness of the Grade 10 Students in the Monitoring System
Activities of the Municipality of Basilan
D. Environmental Awareness is one way to create positive attitude towards loving nature
12
_____ 10. Which of the examples DOES NOT show result of a survey research?
A. Graph that shows the number of Grade 10 learners who have internet access at home
B. Table that shows the frequency of Grade 10 learners who use mobile phones
C. Chart that shows the meal plan of a patient
D. List that shows the rate of consumption of oil in the Philippines
Additional Activity
(Optional)
Activity 9: Time to be Inquisitive
Directions: Using the term used in research and 5 WHs, formulate a sample question
that you think will be helpful in your future research. Then, write your questions in the
box
Terms Used in
Questions
Research
Research
Who _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
Interview
Abstract
Literature Review
Conclusion
Where ____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
When _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
Why _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
What _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
ANSWER KEY
What I
Have
Learned
Activity 7
Answers
may vary.
What’s More
Activity 6
1.A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. A
What’s In
Activity 2
Answers
may vary.
What I Know
Activity 1
1. Appendix
2. Reference
3. Abstract
4. Research
5. Introduction
What I Can Do
Activity 8
Answers may
vary.
What’s New
Activity 3
Abstract
Appendix
Interview
Questionnaire
Reference
Results
13
Additional Activity
Assessment
1. A 6. B
2. D 7. B
3. C 8. A
4. B 9. C
5. A 10. C
What’s More
Activity 5
1. Interview Guide
2. Literature Review
3. Methodology
4. Reference
5. Plagiarism
What’s New
Activity 4
Answers may
vary.
Answers may vary.
References:
Academic Paper
Garil, Benigno,A.“Language Learning Attitudes, Linguistic Competence, and Academic
Performance of Grade 10 Students.” Master’s Thesis, Western Mindanao State University,
2017.
Books
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan, Liberty A.
Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A. Palomar, Grace B. Annette
Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating Diversity through World Literature.
Pasig City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 466-470.
Almonte, Liza R., Flandez, Lerma L., Hermosa, Angelina Lourdes, Nedia Lagustan, Liberty A.
Mangaluz, Elenita R. Miranda, Paul Anthony B. Mendoza, Lito A. Palomar, Grace B. Annette
Barradas-Soriano, and Karen B. Villanueva, Celebrating Diversity through World
Literature:English Teacher’s Guide. Pasig City: Rex Book Store, Inc. 2015, 423-424.
Bermudez, Virginia , Ed.D, Josephine Cruz Ph.D., Eugenia Gorgon Ed.D, Remedios Nery,
and Milagros San Juan Ph.D, English Expressways,Quezon City: SD Publications, Inc. 2010,
167.
Portillo, Reynaldo R, Ma. Consuelo S. Quindara, Mila E. Isles, Clarita O. Manzano, Amelia
O. Bacungan, Vivian B. Flores, Carolina G. Alberca, and Imelda K. Gamboa, Research and
Technical Writing, Bulacan: Trinitas Publishing, Inc.2003, 63.
Sarno, Emerlita, Tips and Techniques in Writing Research, Manila: Rex Book Store. 2010, 7175.
Online Sources
“How to Develop an Interview Guide (Part 1).” 2018. QualPage. February 8.
https://qualpage.com/2018/02/08/how-to-develop-an-interview-guide-part-1/.
“How to Write Good Survey & Poll Questions | SurveyMonkey.” 2021. SurveyMonkey.
Accessed February 12. https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/writing-survey-questions/
DEVELOPMENT TEAM
Writers: Joyce Ethel L. Sienes,Basilan National High School
Sherma T.P Ajul, Basilan National High School
Editor:
Language Editor:
Proofreader: Violeta M. Sta. Elena, EPS
Illustrators:
Layout Artist: Joyce Ethel L. Sienes
Management Team:
Julieto H. Fernandez, Ed. D., CESO VI
SDS-Isabela City
Maria Laarni T. Villanueva, Ed. D., CESE
ASDS-Isabela City
Henry R. Tura, CID Chief
Elsa A. Usman, LR Supervisor
14 EPS-English, Module Coordinator
Helen De Leon, EdD,
Region IX: Zamboanga Peninsula Hymn – Our Eden Land
Here the trees and flowers bloom
Here the breezes gently Blow,
Here the birds sing Merrily,
The liberty forever Stays,
Gallant men And Ladies fair
Linger with love and care
Golden beams of sunrise and sunset
Are visions you’ll never forget
Oh! That’s Region IX
Here
Here
Here
With
Hardworking people Abound,
Every valleys and Dale
Zamboangueños, Tagalogs, Bicolanos,
the
the
the
the
Badjaos roam the seas
Samals live in peace
Tausogs thrive so free
Yakans in unity
Cebuanos, Ilocanos, Subanons, Boholanos, Ilongos,
All of them are proud and true
Region IX our Eden Land
Region IX
Our..
Eden...
Land...
My Final Farewell
Farewell, dear Fatherland, clime of the sun caress'd
Pearl of the Orient seas, our Eden lost!,
Gladly now I go to give thee this faded life's best,
And were it brighter, fresher, or more blest
Still would I give it thee, nor count the cost.
Let the sun draw the vapors up to the sky,
And heavenward in purity bear my tardy protest
Let some kind soul o 'er my untimely fate sigh,
And in the still evening a prayer be lifted on high
From thee, 0 my country, that in God I may rest.
On the field of battle, 'mid the frenzy of fight,
Others have given their lives, without doubt or heed;
The place matters not-cypress or laurel or lily white,
Scaffold or open plain, combat or martyrdom's plight,
T is ever the same, to serve our home and country's need.
Pray for all those that hapless have died,
For all who have suffered the unmeasur'd pain;
For our mothers that bitterly their woes have cried,
For widows and orphans, for captives by torture tried
And then for thyself that redemption thou mayst gain
I die just when I see the dawn break,
Through the gloom of night, to herald the day;
And if color is lacking my blood thou shalt take,
Pour'd out at need for thy dear sake
To dye with its crimson the waking ray.
And when the d ark nigh t wraps the graveyard a ro und
W ith o nly the d ead in the ir vigil to se e
Bre ak no t my re pose o r the mys te ry profo und
And perc h ance th o u mays t he ar a sad h ymn res o und
'T is I, O my co untry, rais in g a son g unto the e.
My dreams, when life first opened to me,
My dreams, when the hopes of youth beat high,
Were to see thy lov'd face, O gem of the Orient sea
From gloom and grief, from care and sorrow free;
No blush on thy brow, no tear in thine eye.
And even my grave is rememb ered no mo re
Un mark'd b y neve r a c ross no r a s tone
Le t the p lo w s weep thro ugh it, the sp ade turn it o'e r
Th at my ashes may carpe t e arthly f loo r,
Befo re in to n o thingness at las t the y are blown.
Dream of my life, my living and burning desire,
All hail ! cries the soul that is now to take flight;
All hail ! And sweet it is for thee to expire ;
To die for thy sake, that thou mayst aspire;
And sleep in thy bosom eternity's long night.
Th en will oblivion b rin g to me no c are
As o ver thy v ales and p lains I s wee p;
Th ro bbin g an d cle ansed in th y sp ace and air
W ith co lo r and ligh t, with son g and lamen t I f are,
Eve r repe ating the f aith th at I kee p.
If over my grave some day thou seest grow,
In the grassy sod, a humble flower,
Draw it to thy lips and kiss my soul so,
While I may feel on my brow in the cold tomb below
The touch of thy tenderness, thy breath's warm power.
M y Fathe rland ad or'd, th at s ad ness to my so rro w lends
Beloved Filip in as, he ar no w my las t go od -b y!
I give th ee all: p aren ts an d kindre d and f rien ds
Fo r I go whe re no slave b efo re the o ppre sso r be nds,
W here f aith c an neve r k ill, and God re igns e'e r o n h igh!
Let the moon beam over me soft and serene,
Let the dawn shed over me its radiant flashes,
Let the wind with sad lament over me keen ;
And if on my cross a bird should be seen,
Let it trill there its hymn of peace to my ashes.
Fare we ll to yo u all, f ro m my so ul torn away,
Friend s of my childh ood in the ho me d ispossess ed!
Give th anks th at I rest f ro m the we aris ome d ay!
Fare we ll to thee, too, s wee t f riend th at ligh te ned my way;
Beloved c re atures all, f are well! In de ath the re is re st!
I Am a Filipino, by Carlos P. Romulo
I am a Filipino–inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the uncertain
future. As such I must prove equal to a two-fold task–the task of
meeting my responsibility to the past, and the task of performing my
obligation to the future.
I sprung from a hardy race, child many generations removed of
ancient Malayan pioneers. Across the centuries the memory comes
rushing back to me: of brown-skinned men putting out to sea in
ships that were as frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I see
them come, borne upon the billowing wave and the whistling wind,
carried upon the mighty swell of hope–hope in the free abundance of
new land that was to be their home and their children’s forever.
I am a Filipino. In my blood runs the immortal seed of heroes–seed
that flowered down the centuries in deeds of courage and defiance.
In my veins yet pulses the same hot blood that sent Lapulapu to
battle against the first invader of this land, that nerved Lakandula in
the combat against the alien foe, that drove Diego Silang and
Dagohoy into rebellion against the foreign oppressor.
The seed I bear within me is an immortal seed. It is the mark of my
manhood, the symbol of dignity as a human being. Like the seeds15
that were once buried in the tomb of Tutankhamen many thousand
years ago, it shall grow and flower and bear fruit again. It is the
insignia of my race, and my generation is but a stage in the
unending search of my people for freedom and happiness.
I am a Filipino, child of the marriage of the East and the West. The
East, with its languor and mysticism, its passivity and endurance,
was my mother, and my sire was the West that came thundering
across the seas with the Cross and Sword and the Machine. I am of
the East, an eager participant in its spirit, and in its struggles for
liberation from the imperialist yoke. But I also know that the East
must awake from its centuried sleep, shake off the lethargy that has
bound his limbs, and start moving where destiny awaits.
I am a Filipino, and this is my inheritance. What pledge shall I give
that I may prove worthy of my inheritance? I shall give the pledge that
has come ringing down the corridors of the centuries, and it shall be
compounded of the joyous cries of my Malayan forebears when first
they saw the contours of this land loom before their eyes, of the battle
cries that have resounded in every field of combat from Mactan to
Tirad Pass, of the voices of my people when they sing:
“I am a Filipino born to freedom, and I shall not rest until freedom
shall have been added unto my inheritance—for myself and my
children and my children’s children—forever.”