Módulo 1. Habits and health Negativo Interrogativo I am not He is not Am I... ? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. She is not Is he... ? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. It is not Is she... ? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. You are not Is it... ? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. We are not Are we... ? Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. They are not Are you... ? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t. Are they... ? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. Verbo To be Afirmativo I am He is She is It is You are We are They are Presente simple Estructura para I, You, We, They. Adverbios de frecuencia Question Words Sujeto + verbo + complemento Verbo: Do/ Dont/ Do? Estructura para He, Sujeto + Verbo con s + complemento She, It. Verbo: Does/ Doesnt/ Does? *Con Does el verbo no se modifica. • –s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, se les agrega –es. • +y, se les agrega s. • consonante +y, se cambia por la i y se agrega -es. Always 100% Se colocan entre el sujeto y el verbo. A excepción del verbo to be, que se colocan después. Usually 80% Often 60% Somtimes 30% Never 0% What Preguntar cosa u objeto How often Preguntar sobre qué tan frecuente. Who Preguntar sobre una persona. When Preguntar sobre el tiempo. How many Preguntar sobre cantidad, contables. How Preguntar sobre cómo. Where Preguntar sobre lugar o posición. What kind of Preguntar sobre una cosa en especifica (que tipo de). How much Preguntar sobre cantidad, incontables. Why Preguntar sobre razón. Adjetivos comparativos. Comparaciones entre dos o más personas, animales, objetos, ciudades y lugares. Módulo 2. The most beautiful! Adjetivos Estructura cortos Adjetivo + (terminación) er + than (Mas que) Orizaba is cleaner than Río Blanco. Regla 1 Regla 2 Regla 3 Los adjetivos con terminación "e" se les agrega "r" -Nice=Nicer Adjetivos largos Adjetivos irregulares Una sola silaba, Dos sílabas terminación terminadas en “y”, vocal+ cambian la “y” por consonante, “i” y se le agrega la duplicar terminación “er”. consonante y -Happy= Happier agregar “er”. than - Hot= Hotter More + adjetivo + than (más que) Less + adjetivo + than (menos que) More expensive than (más caro que). Good Bad Far Comparación Afirmativo con as-as Negativo Wh Adjetivos superlativos Otorgarle un grado de superioridad a los adjetivos. Adjetivos cortos (El más) Adjetivos largos better than (mejor que) worse than (peor que) farther / further than (más lejos que) Subject 1 + verb + as + adjective + as + subject 2. An apple is as sweet as a pear. Subject 1 + verb (negative form) + as + adjective + as + subject 2. An apple isn't as sweet as a pear. How + adjetivo How big is the park? / ¿Qué tan grande es el parque? Estructura The + adjetivo + (terminación) est + than Mary is the prettiest. Regla 1 Regla 2 Regla 3 Terminación con Una sola sílaba que Dos sílabas “e “se les agrega terminan en vocal terminadas en “y”, solamente la más consonante, se cambian la “y” por “st”. duplica la la “i” y se les agrega - nice - the nicest consonante final y la terminación se le agrega “est”. “est”. - hot - the hottest - happy - the happiest Estructura The most + adjetivo (El más) The most important (el más importante). Adjetivos irregulares Preposiciones de lugar: Expresiones de dirección Verbo modal Would Good Bad Far the best (el mejor). the worst (el peor). the farthest / the furthest (el más lejano). Módulo 3. How can I get to the bank? Next to Junto a On Encima Across from Enfrente de Behind Detrás Between Entre In En (dentro) In front of Delante de On the corner of En la esquina de Turn left Girar a la izquierda Turn right Girar a la derecha Go straight ahead Siga recto Go past Pasar Módulo 4. Going shopping… “Would like” Puede ser usado en preguntas para hacer ofrecimientos: would like es ’d Would you like a cup of tea? (¿Te gustaría una taza de té?) like Usado para realizar solicitudes: I'd like a hamburger, please. (Me gustaría una hamburguesa, por favor.) I would like something to drink, please. (Me gustaría algo de tomar, por favor.) How much is It is…dollars the..? How much are They are…. dollars and….. cents. the..? How much does It costs…. dollars. the…. Cost? Quantifiers (cuantificadores) Some Pronombres demostrativos One o Ones Will Incontables en oraciones afirmativa= Algo de Contables plurales en oraciones afirmativa= Algunos Any Incontables en oraciones negativas= Nada de Incontables en oraciones interrogativas= Algo de Contables en oraciones negativas= Ninguno Contables en oraciones interrogativas= Algunos Many Contables en oraciones negativas e interrogativas= Mucha cantidad Much Incontables en oraciones negativas e interrogativas= Mucha cantidad A few Contables en plural en oraciones afirmativas= Poca cantidad A little Incontable en oraciones afirmativas= Poca cantidad A lot of Contables e incontables en oraciones afirmativas= Mucha cantidad Singular Plural Cerca: Cerca: • That (Aquello/a) • This (Esto/esta) Lejos: Lejos: • Those (Aquellos/as) • That (Eso/esa) Seleccionar uno entre varios objetos: • That one. Indicar decisión: • I will buy… Módulo 5. It was terrific! Pasado del verbo to be Afirmativo Sujeto + was/were + complemento (Estaba) Negativo Sujeto + was/ were + not + complemento Was= I, he, she, it Interrogativo Was/were + sujeto + complemento + ? Were= you, we, they Respuestas: Yes, he was / No, weren’t. There was y there Afirmativo Sustantivos singulares: were There was a bank downtown. (Hubo, no hubo) Sustantivos plurales: There were three parks downtown. Negativo Sustantivos singulares: There was not a bank downtown. Sustantivos plurales: There were not three parks downtown. Interrogativo Sustantivos singulares: Was there a bank downtown? Yes, there was. Sustantivos plurales: Were there any parks downtown? No, there weren’t. Pasado de verbos Afirmativo Regular Sujeto + a regular verb-ed regulares e irregulares I cooked dinner yesterday. (Acción o evento Irregular Sujeto + un verbo irregular en forma pasada pasado) I ate pizza yesterday. Negativo Regular Sujeto + auxiliar did + not + un verbo regular didn´t (no I did not cook dinner yesterday. hizo) Irregular Sujeto + auxiliar did + not + un verbo irregular I didn’t eat pizza yesterday. Interrogativo Regular Did + Sujeto + a regular verb-ed + ? Did you cook dinner yesterday? Yes, I did Irregular Did + Sujeto + un verbo irregular + ? Did you eat pizza yesterday? No, I didn´t Pronombres demostrativos Realizar una solicitud con “can” Módulo 6. I have a ... That Se usa con sustantivos singulares, lejanos. That is her nose. This Se usa con sustantivos singulares, cercanos. This is my hand. These Se usa con sustantivos plurales, cercanos. These are our feet. Those Se usa con sustantivos plurales, lejanos. Those are my fingers. Can + sujeto + verbo en infinitivo (sin to) + ? Can I take some medicine? Be going to Planes a futuro (corto, mediano y largo plazo) Voy a… Will (Plan incierto) Have to / Need to Want to / would like to Like to/ Hate to Módulo 7. Future for plans and projects Estructura Subjeto + be (am/are/is) + going to + infinitivo Afirmativo I am going to buy a new car. Negativo I am not going to buy a new car. Interrogativo Am I going to buy a new car? WH Where are you going to go to college? Jake will participate in the concert. Módulo 8. I have to arrive on time! Have to I have to make phone calls She has to cook Need to I need to sleep Want to I want to go bike riding this weekend. (Positiva) (Quiero I don’t want to go out today. (Negativa) hacer) Would I would like to go to the mall with my friends. (Positiva) like to I wouldn’t like to live with my parents after college. (Negativa) (Me gustaría) Like to Sujeto + like to + verb I like to go to the Self Access Center. (Positiva) My classmate does not like to wear a uniform. (Negativa) Hate to Sujeto + hate to + verb My sister hates to wash the dishes. (Negative) Módulo 9. What would you like to do today? Would con like Would like Afirmativo: Realizar una invitación. I would like to buy Christmas presents for my family. Interrogativo: Would you like a biscuit with your coffee? Do you like rice? (Sobre gustos o disgustos). Estructura: Would like to have + -ed form: cosas que se han pasado por alto. I’d like to have watched the football but I had to go out. Respuesta corta: Yes, I’d like to. Want to (Lo que te gustaría hacer) Can y have to (Rechazar invitaciones) I want to go shopping tonight, would you like to go with me? My mom wants to go dancing tonight I would like to, but I have to attend a meeting that day. Thank you, but I can’t. I already have an appointment that day. Present continuous for future arrangements (Arreglos futuros) Afirmativo Subject + be + verb-ing + complement. We're meeting Susan at 3 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. Negativo Subject + be + verb-ing + complement. I’m not visiting my friend tomorrow. Interrogativo Yes/ Be + subject + verb-ing + complement + ? no Are you having a party for your birthday? WH Question word + be + subject + verb-ing + complement + ? What are you doing next week?
