7 Science Quarter 4 – Module 1: Geographic Coordinate System Science – Grade 7 Quarter 4 – Module 1: Geographic Coordinate System First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education – Region XI Development Team of the Module Writer: Frances Jay V. Berame Editor: Dinah Galvan-Oani Reviewer: Normi Roxan C. Ochada Illustrator: Frances Jay V. Berame Layout Artist: Wedzmer B. Munjilul Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena Jinky B. Firman Marilyn V. Deduyo Alma C. Cifra, Aris B. Juanillo Faye Genevieve P. Pasamonte Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Division of Davao City Office Address: Telephone: E-mail Address: E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City (082) 227 4762 lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph 7 Science Quarter 4 – Module 1: Geographic Coordinate System Introductory Message For the facilitator: As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning at home. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. For the learner: As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different activities in the module. As you go through the different activities of this module be reminded of the following: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other activities. 3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! ii Let Us Learn A wonderful day to you little scientist! This module was written with you in mind. It is here to help you “Demonstrate how places on Earth maybe located using a coordinate system”. Specifically, you are expected to: • Identify the reference lines on the globe. • Describe the location of a place using latitude and longitude. • Locate positions on Earth using a coordinate system. Let Us Try! Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What reference lines on the globe are written in Horizontal and are used to determine the North and South directions of a specified location? A. Equator B. Longitude 2. C. Latitude D. Prime Meridian What reference lines on the globe are written in Vertical and are used to determine the East and West directions of a specified location? A. Equator B. Longitude 3. C. Latitude D. Prime Meridian The starting point of the longitude and is measured in zero degree is called _______. A. B. C. D. Equator Prime Meridian Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn 1 For item no. 4, study the image on the right. 4. What is the latitude of the North Pole? A. 0 degree B. 30 degrees North C. 60 degrees North D. 90 degrees North 5. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to areas that are between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer? A. B. C. D. The Temperature is warm all year round. They only experience wet and dry season. They experience four seasons – Summer, Spring, Winter, and Fall. They have to deal with frequent temperatures not exceeding 10 degrees Celsius. Let Us Study After reading the story, study the lesson and answer the corresponding guide questions. “Countries of Shapes” Jack was a young boy who wished to travel around the world along with his parents (while hoping the Covid19 pandemic ends in the future). He shared their planned destinations through a phone call to his dear friends, Oliver and Ana. As Jack was explaining the countries they wish to visit, both Oliver and Ana were finding a hard time locating them on a globe, as they were also interested to know the locations of these countries. 2 Jack helped them by giving them descriptions such as “…the place is just below the country with a shape of a rabbit” and “the next country is similar to the shape of a seahorse”. While Oliver was being puzzled by the descriptions given by Jack, Ana was smiling thinking how funny the descriptions were. Oliver wondered if there is another way for Jack to give him the exact location of the country, an easier way to locate them on a globe. What suggestion would you like to give them in order to locate the position of the country using the globe? Do you think there is a much specific way to locate the position other than describing their shapes? The Reference Lines of the Globe Using the online maps to help Ana and Oliver locate the countries as described by Jack is a good idea. However, you can also use the globe model or even the world map especially when you have no access to the internet. If you have seen a globe before, you probably noticed that there are lines or grids in it. These grids are not designs but are used to specify directions that can be used to locate positions on Earth. The imaginary vertical lines on the globe are called Longitudes and are used to specify the East and West directions. These lines run from pole to pole of the globe and are sometimes called the Meridians. They are measured in degrees and has a starting point of zero degree called the Prime Meridian. To the right of the Prime Meridian, the longitudes can be written as 15° E (15 degrees East), 30° E (30 degrees East), and so on. Towards the left side of the Prime Meridian, the longitudes can be written as 15° W (15 degrees West), 30° W (30 degrees west), and so on. 3 “The image above shows the Longitudes of the Globe” Guide Questions Q1. Using the image on the right, what continent touches the longitude of 30 degrees East? ______________________________ ______________________________ Q2. How about the 60 degrees West? ______________________________ ______________________________ The imaginary horizontal lines on the globe are called Latitudes which specify the North and South directions of the globe. Latitudes can also tell us how far the location is from its starting point measured in degrees. This starting point of the latitude is called the Equator which has a measure of zero degree. Equator is also located at the center between the north and south pole. For example, using a globe or the world map, the latitude of the south pole is 90 degrees South (90° S) . “The image above shows the Latitudes of the Globe” 4 Guide Questions Q3. Using the image on the right, can you identify the latitude of the North Pole? ______________________________ ______________________________ Q4. What continent is touches the latitude of 30 degrees North based on the image? ______________________________ ______________________________ Another noteworthy information is that the area between the equator and the north pole is called the Northern hemisphere while the area between the equator and the south pole is called the Southern hemisphere. The lines of latitudes are also known as parallels of latitude and five of them were given special names (Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, and Antarctic circle) These latitude values are written below. Latitude 0° 23.5 ° N 23.5 ° S 66.5 ° N 66.5 ° S Name Equator Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Arctic Circle Antarctic Circle Countries located in the equator often experience hot climate with little seasonal variation. Philippines is located near this equator. Places located in the Tropic of Capricorn and Cancer experience tropical climate with annual average temperature above 18 degrees Celsius. Countries in the Arctic and Antarctic Circle have to deal with cold temperature not exceeding 10 degrees Celsius. Places between the Arctic circle and tropic of cancer is called the northern temperate zone while the places between Antarctic circle and tropic 5 Let Us Practice Using the data table on the right, draw the lines for each special latitude. Use the globe below to draw your answers. Right the name of the latitude just beside your drawn line. Copy the drawing on a separate sheet of paper. Latitude Name 66.5 ° N Arctic Circle 23.5 ° N Tropic of Cancer 0° Equator 23.5 ° S Tropic of Capricorn The drawing for the first special latitude is already done for you. 66.5 ° S Antarctic Circle Arctic Circle Places between the Arctic circle and tropic of cancer is called the northern temperate zone while the places between Antarctic circle and tropic of Capricorn is called southern temperate zone. Both the Northern and Southern temperate zone experience the four seasons which are the spring, summer, fall, and winter. 6 Let Us Practice More PART 1 Using the world map below, identify what continents falls under the given coordinates. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. You can use the first example as your guide. 90°N 75°N 60°N 45°N 30°N 15°N 0° 15°S 30°S 45°S 60°S 75°S 90°S 180°W 150°W 120°W 90°W Continent 1. Europe 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 60°W 30°W 0° 30°E Latitude 55° N 55° N 35° N 10° S 10° S 90° S 60°E 90°E 120°E 150°E 180°E Longitude 15° E 105° W 100° E 55° W 35° E 0° Note: values are rounded up to whole numbers that are multiples of five 7 Part II Using the map below, let us describe the position of the Philippines. Answer the corresponding questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. What is the name of the sea found on the west of the Philippines? 30° N N CHINA INDIA TAIPEI 20° N E W MYANMAR S PHILIPPINE SEA SOUTH CHINA SEA 10° N CELEBES SEA BORNEO 0° INDONESIA 2. What is the name of the sea found on east of the 10° S Philippines? NEW GUINEA INDIAN OCEAN AUSTRALIA 3. What land mass can be found with the coordinates of 25 degrees north and 121 degrees East? 100° E 110° E 120° E 130° E 140° E There are two ways to describe the location of place, using (1) Latitude and Longitude and by (2) identifying the surrounding land mass and bodies of water. The Latitude specifies the North and South directions while the Longitude specifies and East and West directions. When locating the position of a place, Latitude is first determined and then followed by the Longitude. Oliver and Ana can now locate the position of the place which Jack wishes to travel around the world. Jack no longer needs to describe the shapes of the country but give their coordinates for Ana and Oliver to locate. 8 Let Us Remember • • • • • Latitude and Longitude are reference lines on the globe that can be used to locate specific locations on Earth. Latitudes are the horizontal lines on the globe used to specify the North and South directions. The starting point of the Longitude is called the Prime Meridian and is measured in zero degree. The starting point of the Latitude is the Equator and is also measured in zero degrees. The five special latitudes include the equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, and Antarctic Circle. Let Us Assess Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of paper. 1. The Philippines is located nearest to which special latitude line? A. Equator B. Prime Meridian 2. C. Arctic Circle D. Antarctic Circle Which of the following statements below is considered TRUE with regards to the climate in Northern and Southern temperate zones? A. B. C. D. They They They They fall. only have wet and dry seasons. experience the cold temperature not more than 10° C. experience hot climate with little seasonal variation. experience the four seasons -spring, summer, winter, and 9 For questions 3 to 6, Use the map below as your guide. 3. What continent falls under the coordinates of 55° N and 105° W? A. B. C. D. 4. What continent falls under the coordinates of 55° N and 100° E? A. B. C. D. 5. Asia Antarctica North America South America What continent falls under the coordinates of 10° S and 55° W? A. B. C. D. 6. Asia Antarctica North America South America Asia Antarctica North America South America What continent falls under the latitude of 90 degrees South and zerodegree longitude? A. B. C. D. Asia Antarctica North America South America 10 7. The starting point of the longitude and is measured in zero degree is called _______. A. B. C. D. 8. Tropic of Capricorn Tropic of Cancer Primer Meridian Equator What reference lines on the globe are written in Horizontal and are used to determine the North and South directions of a specified location? A. Equator B. Longitude 9. C. Latitude D. Prime Meridian What reference lines on the globe are written in Vertical and are used to determine the East and West directions of a specified location? A. Equator B. Longitude C. Latitude D. Prime Meridian 10. The starting point of the latitude and is measured in zero degree is called _______. A. B. C. D. Equator Prime Meridian Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn For item no. 11, study the image on the right. 11. What is the latitude of the North Pole? A. 0 degree B. 30 degrees North C. 60 degrees North D. 90 degrees North 11 12. Which of the following statements below is considered TRUE with regards to the climate in Arctic and Antarctic Circle? A. B. C. D. They They They They fall. only have wet and dry seasons. experience the cold temperature not more than 10° C. experience hot climate with little seasonal variation. experience the four seasons -spring, summer, winter, and 13. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to Latitudes? A. B. C. D. They specify the East and West directions of the globe. They specify the North and South directions of the globe. They are the imaginary vertical lines that run from north pole to south pole. They have the reference line measured in zero-degree called the Prime Meridian. 14. Which of the following is TRUE with regards to Longitudes? A. B. C. D. They They They They are the imaginary horizontal lines written in the globe. specify the North and South directions of the globe. specify the East and West directions of the globe. have the reference line called the Equator. For item no. 15, refer to the image on the right. 15. What continents touches the latitude of 30 degrees North? A. Asia and Europe B. North America and Africa C. North and South America D. North Pole and South Pole 12 Let Us Enhance Arrange the scrambled words to form the correct terms. The clue will help you to arrange these letters. 1. A D T L E I U T Answer: ___________________ Clue: The imaginary line on the globe that is used to specify the North and South directions. 2. D T G U N I O E L Answer: __________________ Clue: The imaginary line on the globe that is used to specify the East and West directions 3. Q T U R A E O Answer: __________________ Clue: The reference point of latitude measured in zero degree. 4. R E P M N I R D E A I I M Answer: __________________ Clue: The reference point of longitude measured in zero degree. 5. E E T M R P T A Answer: __________________ E E Z N O N Clue: Area in the globe that experience the four seasons such as between the tropic of cancer and Arctic Circle. 13 Let Us Reflect When travelling by land, there are structures or land marks such as monuments and buildings that can help us to familiarize the route of location that we are heading. However, this is much difficult when traveling in a vast ocean such as how sailors travel from country to country with their ships. Familiarization of this reference lines is an advantage to sailors so they do not get lost or end up in unknown places. What do you think are other important application of these reference lines that we have just discussed? Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Be sure to be guided by the rubrics for scoring. ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Criteria 3 2 1 0 *Rubric adapted from a module of Department of Education 14 Answer Key 15 References Britannica.com. 2021. Latitude and Longitude . January 6. Accessed January 17, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/science/latitude. Britannica.com. 2021. Longitude. Accessed January 17, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/science/longitude. Dempsey, Caitlin. 2014. Latitude and Longitude . August 25. Accessed January 17, 2021. https://www.ge. ographyrealm.com/latitude-longitude/. Department of Education. Science 7 Learner's Material. PDF file. n.d. https://www.slideshare.net/lhoralight/science-q3-q4 Earth-info.nga.mil. n.d. Grid Information . Accessed January 17, 2021. https://earthinfo.nga.mil/GandG/coordsys/grids/grid1.html. Gsp.humboldt.edu. 2018. Latitude and Longitude. Accessed January 17, 2021. http://gsp.humboldt.edu/OLM/Lessons/GIS/01%20Sph ericalCoordinates/Latitude_and_Longitude.html#:~:text=B oth%20longitude%20and%20latitude%20are,to%20the%2 0south%20are%20negative). Nationalgeographic.org. 2021. Equator. Accessed January 17, 2021. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/equat or/#:~:text=Even%20during%20the%20rest%20of,season %20creates%20tropical%20rain%20forests. Nationsonline.org. 2021. Map of Southeast Asia. Accessed January 24, 2021. https://www.nationsonline.org/onewworld/map_of_south east_asia.htm. Nationalgeographic.org. n.d. Navigation. Accessed January 17, 2021. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/naviga tion/. 16 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Davao City Division E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City Telephone: (082) 227 4762 Email Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph