METALS AND NONMETALS
THE PROPERTIES OF METALS AND NON-METALS
THE
PROPERTIES
OF METALS
STRONG AND HARD
• Most metals are generally strong
and hard.
• They are difficult to break down
into smaller pieces and changing
their shape usually involves a lot of
effort
CONDUCTORS
• They are very good conductors of heat and electricity.
• This is why they are used for pots and pans and in electrical circuits to carry
the current.
DENSE
• Most metals have high density.
• This is why they feel heavy and sink when placed in water.
SHINY AND SILVERY
• Most metals are silvery in colour, except copper and gold.
• Some go dull over time.
• All metals are shiny when freshly cut.
HIGH MELTING AND BOILING POINTS
• Most metals have very high melting and boiling points.
• They need to be heated to very high temperatures before they melt to
become liquids.
SOLIDS
• All metals are solids at room temperature.
• The only exception is mercury.
• Mercury is the only liquid under normal conditions.
MALLEABLE
• This property means that metals can be hit without shattering.
• They can be hammered into shape, even when cold and not break into lots
of small pieces.
DUCTILE
• This property means that metals can stretched very thinly without them
breaking.
• This is why they can be drawn out into wires.
THE PROPERTIES OF
METALS ARE :
•
•
•
•
•
•
Strong and hard
Conductors
Dense
Shiny and silvery
High melting and boiling points
Solid
• Malleable
• Ductile
THE
PROPERTIES
OF NONMETALS
APPEARANCE
• Non-metals have no luster, this means that they are dull in
appearance.
NON-CONDUCTORS/INSULATORS
• Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
• This is why they are used for pot and pan handles and in electrical circuits to
carry the current.
BRITTLE
• Non-metals are brittle which means that they can and often do break easily.
NOT DUCTILE
• This means that non-metals can not be easily stretched very thinly , if at all
without them breaking.
NOT MALLEABLE
• Not malleable - This property means that non-metals cannot be hit without
shattering.
• This means that non-metals would break if it was hit or fell.
LOW DENSITY
• Most non-metals have low density.
• This is why they are likely light and float when placed in water.
LOW MELTING POINT
• Most non-metals have very low melting and boiling points
THE PROPERTIES OF
NON-METALS ARE :
• No luster (dull appearance)
• Poor conductor of heat and electricity
• Brittle (breaks easily)
• NOT ductile
• NOT malleable
• Low density
• Low melting
LETS COMPARE THE PROPERTIES
BETWEEN METALS AND NON-METALS
(Silver and Shiny)
METALS
NOT
MALLEABLE
BRITTLE
SHINY &
SILVERY
NO
LUSTER/DULL
DUCTILE
POOR
CONDUCTOR
NON METALS
NOT
MALLEABLE
LOW
DENISITY
STRONG &
HARD
HIGH MELTING
POINT
CONDUCTOR
HIGH BOILING
POINT
NOT DUCTILE
LOW
MELTING
POINT
MALLEABLE
DENSE
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of wood:
• Poor conductor of heat
• Poor conductor of electricity
• Not Ductile
• Dull
ANSWER:
NON-METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of gold:
• Shiny
• Dense
• Good conductor of heat and electricity
• Malleable
• Ductile
ANSWER:
METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of iron:
• Shiny
• Silver
• Ductile
• Malleable
ANSWER:
METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of a plastic chair:
• Poor conductor of electricity
• Not Ductile
• Low Density
• Low Boiling Point
ANSWER:
NON-METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of aluminium:
• Good conductor of heat
• Good conductor of electricity
• Malleable
• Ductile
ANSWER:
METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of copper:
• Good conductor of heat
• Good conductor of electricity
• Malleable
• Ductile
ANSWER:
METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of a rubber band:
• No luster/ Dull
• Poor conductor of electricity
• Not Ductile
• Low Boiling Point
ANSWER:
NON-METAL
METAL OR NON METAL ?
Properties of a straw:
• No luster/ Dull
• Not malleable
• Poor conductor of electricity
• Not Ductile
ANSWER:
NON-METAL