QUIZ #2 STUDY GUIDE
Tuesday, February 21, 2023
9:40 PM
Complications and Treatment of Peritoneal Dialysis
Cloudy urine could mean an infection
Peritonitis treat with IV FLUID
Post Op Assessment for Kidney Surgery
There needs to be urine
Renal Trauma, what are the most important values to monitor
BUN 7-24
Creatine 0.7-1.2
GFR
K+
ESKD diet education
Decrease proteins to reduce nitrogenous waste compounds
Decrease sodium to 2-3 g per day
Restrict fluids to reduce edema
Biggest thing to monitor post kidney transplant
The priority is that there is urine output, so monitor the quantity
Signs and Symptoms of possible complications of dialysis and how to treat it
Hemodialysis AV Fistula vs Graft
Avoid taking BP on the arm
a fistula is when a vein and an artery are surgically attached
Chapter: Diabetes
Normal Glucose values
- Random plasma glucose o equal or greater to 200 is considered diabetic
- Fasting plasma glucose level equal to or greater than 126 is also
considered diabetic
First line treatment for DKA
1) Fluid resuscitation and
2) electrolyte replacement --> K+ is the biggest worry
3) Correcting the acidosis BEFORE giving insulin
considered diabetic
First line treatment for DKA
1) Fluid resuscitation and
2) electrolyte replacement --> K+ is the biggest worry
3) Correcting the acidosis BEFORE giving insulin
- Must replace K+ before starting IV insulin
- Assess serum creatinine and Bun levels for suggestion of renal
insufficiency
Hypoglycemia Event
- 25 to 50 mL of 50% dextrose in water can be given for these
hypoglycemic events
- Always carry a form of fast acting sugar ( apple juice or any juice box)
- Rule of 15
○ Give 15 g of simple carbs like a juice box
○ Recheck glucose level in 15 mins
Clinical Manifestations of DKA
- D
○ Dehydration
○ Tachycardia
○ Orthostatic hypotension
- K
○ Ketones in blood or urine
○ Kussmaul breathing
○ Hyperkalemia
- A
○ Acetone or fruity breathe
○ Anorexia secondary to nausea
- Blurry vision, headache, and weakness
Reasons for DKA
- The main reasons are
1) Missed insulin dose or absence of it
2) Illness or infection
3) Undiagnosed and untreated diabetes
- The three clinical features are --> hyperglycemia, dehydrations and
electrolyte loss, and acidosis (metabolic)
- Stressful situations can raise glucose levels
- The three clinical features are --> hyperglycemia, dehydrations and
electrolyte loss, and acidosis (metabolic)
- Stressful situations can raise glucose levels