Unit 10 –Website Design & Development
Lesson [1] - Hosting and website management
1
The Web Site Design and Development
Process
 There are numerous steps in the web site design and development
process. From gathering initial information, to the creation of your web site,
and finally to maintenance to keep your web site up to date and current.
Development Process
• Information Gathering
• Planning
• Design
• Development
• Testing and Delivery
• Maintenance
2
What is Protocol
Different types of networking operating systems uses different digital languages to control
the communication process between the computers. These languages is called Network
protocols.
Definition : A protocol is a set of rules to govern the data transfer between the devices. The
rules are used for the following purposes.
• Transmission control Protocol (TCP)
• Internet Protocol (IP)
• Internet Address Protocol (IP Address)
• Post office Protocol (POP)
• Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
3
Operating Systems for Web Servers
 A web server is a system that delivers content or services to end users over the internet. A
web server consists of a physical server, server operating system (OS) and software used
to facilitate HTTP communication. A web server is also known as an internet server.
 A server operating system, also called a server OS, is an operating system specifically
designed to run on servers, which are specialized computers that operate within a
client/server architecture to serve the requests of client computers on the network.
 The server operating system, or server OS, is the software layer on top of which other
software programs, or applications, can run on the server hardware. Server operating
systems help enable and facilitate typical server roles such as Web server, mail server,
file server, database server, application server and print server.
4
Web Server Software
Server software is a type of software that is designed to be used, operated and managed on
a computing server.
• Web server software
• Application server software
• Database server software
• Cloud computing server software
• File server software
Server software is primarily built to interact with a server’s hardware facilities , including the
processor, memory, storage, input/output (I/O) and other communication ports. Depending
on the type or usage of the server.
5
How the Web Works
 The Internet is a network of connected computers. No company owns the Internet; it is a
cooperative effort governed by a system of standards and rules. The purpose of
connecting computers together, of course, is to share information.
6
Web Page Addresses (URLs)
 Every page and resource on the Web has its own special address called a URL, which
stands for Uniform
Resource Locator.
The parts of a URL
A complete URL is generally made up of three components: the protocol, the site name, and the
absolute path to the document or resource
7
Relationship between domain names, DNS
services
DNS Service:
 DNS (Domain Name System) is the hierarchical system designed to translate human
readable information (such as a domain name, website, or other Internet-based
resources) into the actual addressing protocols used by computers to navigate and locate
information on the internet
8
The process of viewing a web site.
• Client computer queries the local DNS resolver for where to go -- and waits
patiently for the resolver to do all the heavy work.
• The local DNS resolver queries the root servers for the registrar responsible for
the information, gets a reply and goes on to the next step.
• The DNS resolver now asks the registrar for the name(s) and address (es) of the
server(s) responsible for knowing all the details about the domain name. These
are called name servers.
• The DNS resolver now queries the name servers (which it knows to be
authoritative because it started from the root) for the IP address of the server that
hosts the web site you've clicked to view, and receives it.
• The local resolver sends that IP address back to the client computer, which can
now it looks up on the Internet in a format that makes sense to it, rather than to
us.
9
How DNS works
10
Web-Hosting
 A web-hosting service is required when a website for a domain is needed, but can also be
used for hosting files, images, games and similar content. Web hosts are companies that
provide space on a server owned or leased for use by clients, as well as providing
Internet connectivity, typically in a data center.
11
Browsers
 A browser is an application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the
information on the World Wide Web.
12
Search Engine
Search Engine
 A search engine is a software program or script available through the Internet that
searches documents and files for keywords and returns the results of any files
containing those keywords.
Search Engine Optimization
 Search Engine Optimization, which is the practice of increasing the quantity and
quality of traffic to your website through organic search engine results.
13
Crawling
 Crawling is the process by which search engines discover updated content on the web,
such as new sites or pages, changes to existing sites, and dead links.
Indexing
 Once a search engine processes each of the pages it crawls, it compiles a massive index
of all the words it sees and their location on each page. It is essentially a database of
billions of web pages.
Ranking
 As SEO’s this is the area we are most concerned with and the part that allows us to show
clients tangible progress.
14
Summery
- Investigate relationships between domain names, DNS services and communication
protocols used to access a website.
- Overview of publishing and managing secure websites, including search engine indexing
and ranking.
15
The End..!
16