MICP211 Microbiology and Parasitology
Natural Science Department
MICP211 MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
TEMPLATE OF MEDICALLY SIGNIFICANT MICROBE/S (MSM)
Medically Significant Bacteria: Causative Agent and Disease Profile
A. Template and Example
ITEM
I
A
B
C
MSM
MICROBIAL PROFILE
MICROORGANISM/CAUSATIVE
AGENT
GRAM REACTION
OXYGEN REQUIREMENT
SIZE
PROFILE
Toxoplasma gondii
(+)
3- 7 µm in length (Trophozoites), 10- 20 µm (Tissue
Cyst), 10-12 µm (oocyst)
D
SHAPE
E
F
HABITAT
DISCOVERY
G
MICROSCOPIC IMAGE
II
A
B
DISEASE PROFILE
DISEASE/S
SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE
C
D
INCUBATION PERIOD
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
crescent shaped with a pointed anterior (conoidal)
end and a rounded posterior end
Cat’s feces
first described in 1908 by Nicolle and Manceaux in a
small North American rodent called gundi
Toxoplasmosis

mononucleosis syndrome with prolonged
fever, lymphadenopathy, elevated liver
enzymes, lymphocytosis, and weakness


chorioretinitis
eye disease, learning disabilities

Consuming undercooked, contaminated meat
5–23 days.
1
MICP211 Microbiology and Parasitology
Natural Science Department

Eating food that is prepared by contaminated
kitchen equipment that have had contact with
raw, contaminated meat
Drinking water contaminated with
Toxoplasma gondii
Mother-to-child (congenital) transmission.
Receiving contaminated blood transfusions or
organ transplants (Rare)
ingesting the parasite unintentionally after
coming into contact with cat feces that carry
Toxoplasma gondii




E
DIAGNOSIS
• Tests for detecting IgG antibody include:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Sabin-Feldman dye test
Indirect fluorescent antibody test (!FAT)
Latex agglutination test
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRl) and computed
tomography (CT)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
F
TREATMENT
G
PREVENTION
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine (add folinic acid in
an immunosuppressed host)
Spiramycin

Rinse fresh fruits and vegetables under
running water.
Use a food thermometer to ensure foods are
cooked to a safe internal temperature
Wear gloves when gardening and during any
contact with soil or sand because it might be
contaminated with cat feces that contain
Toxoplasma. Wash hands with soap and
water after gardening or contact with soil or
sand.
Wash your utensils, cutting boards, and
countertops with hot, soapy water after
preparing each food item
Wash hands with soap and water after
cleaning out a cat’s litter box.
Teach children the importance of washing
hands to prevent infection.





H
NO OF DAYS BEING
SYMPTOMATIC
I
IMAGE OF INFECTED PATIENT
Most cases infection is asymptomatic
2
MICP211 Microbiology and Parasitology
Natural Science Department
3
MICP211 Microbiology and Parasitology
Natural Science Department
ITEM
MSM
PROFILE
MICROBIAL PROFILE
I
MICROORGANISM/CAUSATIVE
AGENT
A
GRAM REACTION
B
OXYGEN REQUIREMENT
C
SIZE
D
SHAPE
E
HABITAT
F
DISCOVERY
G
MICROSCOPIC IMAGE
II
DISEASE PROFILE
A
DISEASE/S
B
SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE
C
INCUBATION PERIOD
D
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
E
DIAGNOSIS
F
TREATMENT
G
PREVENTION
H
NO OF DAYS BEING
SYMPTOMATIC
I
IMAGE OF INFECTED PATIENT
4