BIOLOGY
HOLIDAY
HOMEWORK
MADE BY- YAMDAGNI PANDEY
CLASS – 7B
ROLL NO -51
TOPIC – Benefits of
Microorganisms .
TOPICS COVERED What is Microbes/Microorganisms
 Benefits to environment (microorganisms)
 Benefits to human body(microorganisms )
 Fulfilling Human essential needs : (microoraganisms)
What is Microbes/Microorganisms
Microorganisms or microbes are microscopic organisms that
exist as unicellular, multicellular, or cell clusters. They are
widespread in nature and are beneficial to life, but some can
cause serious harm. Life could not have been possible without
microbes. They can be divided into six major types:
bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses
Well 90% of microorganisms are either neural or beneficial to
humans and nature but some Microorganisms are harmful, on
the contrary the harmful microorganisms can be cured by the
specific drug of another microorganism.
Benefits to environment
They are also responsible for cleaning the environment and recycle the wastes to
produce energy sources like nitrogen and carbon.
The most significant effect of the microbes on earth is their ability to recycle the
primary elements that make up all living systems, especially carbon, oxygen, and
nitrogen
The ecosystem relies on bacteria to function properly.
The microbes helping agriculture will indirectly improve the ecosystem and help
in keeping nature safe and protected. Rhizobium. It is a bacteria found in the soil
which supplies ammonia to the plants, which is crucial for the growth of the
plants.
Decomposition in the soil takes place that helps to get rid of biodegradable waste
and make the world a better place!
Organic matters are formed because of the existence of microorganisms
Bcteria
Benefits to human body
1.Each human body hosts 10 microorganisms for every human cell, and these
microbes contribute to digestion, produce vitamin K, promote development
of the immune system, and detoxify harmful chemicals.
2.Probiotics are live bacteria that are good for us, that balance our good and
bad intestinal bacteria, and that aid in digestion of food and help with
digestive problems, such as diarrhea and bellyache.
3.Useful microbes – microbes in human welfare. Microorganisms
include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, some algae, viruses, viroids and also prions.
Essential for human development, immunity and nutrition
4.Bacteria can translate foreign genes into proteins – and scientists have ways
to ensure that the bacteria make the proteins in large amounts. For these
reasons, bacteria can functionas 'protein factories', producing medically
important proteins and others.
5. Essential for growth of all human beings .
Fulfilling Human essential needs :
• Microbes are essential to making many foods we enjoy, such as bread, cheese,
and wine.
• They help in preparing drugs causing various illness because of their particular
yet unique traits..
• Most notably yeast and bacteria, are used in research and industry for cloning
genes, replicating DNA and producing purified proteins.
• Treating wastewater, creating biofuels and a wide range of chemicals and
enzymes
• They are crucial for the production of a variety of metabolites, such as ethanol
etc. Along the transformation of chemicals that help to reduce environmental
pollution. For instance, microbes can be used to create biofertilizers or to
reduce metal pollutants.
• Microorganisms are used in large scale manufacturing of vaccines against
diseases like influenza flu, polio, bcg etc. With the evolution of sophisticated
technology, identification of specific antigens is being done easily which
further helps in development of vaccines with the help of microorganisms.
• Microorganisms can improve crop nutrition and the ability of crops
to resist biotic and abiotic stress. Thus, greater utilization of
microorganisms in agricultural systems has the potential to allow
reductions in the use of inorganic fertilizers, water, herbicides and
pesticides.
• Microbial inoculants can minimize the negative impact of
chemical input and consequently increase the quantity and quality
of farm produce. Microbial inoculants are environmental-friendly
and deliver plant nutrients to plants in a more sustainable manner.
• Creating products, such as ethanol and enzymes.
• Making drugs, such as antibiotics and vaccines.
• Making biogas, such as methane.
• Cleaning up oil spills and toxic wastes.
• Killing plant pests.
• Transferring normal genes to human cells in gene therapy.