A void element is an element that only needs an opening tag. Other void elements include <img> for displaying an image and <input> <br> <cite> tag denotes a title, such as a book or song title, and is italicized / <em> <i> <mark> tag denotes important content that should be semantically highlighted and is rendered with a yellow background <u> tag denotes text that should appear differently from normal text, such as misspelled words, and is underlined <b> / <strong> = bold <!--not--> = comment <ul> = bullets indented Type attribute fore <ol> type=”1” = numbers/default “A” CAP LETTERS “a” lowercase “I” Upper Roman “i” lower roman <th> will display the table headers centered with a bold font colspan attribute and rowspan attribute to specify how many columns or rows to span The JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) image format is commonly used for digital photographs. The PNG (Portable Network Graphics) image format is commonly used for line art, screenshots, or images requiring transparency. The GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) image format is commonly used for simple animated images. favicon is a small icon that identifies a website and typically displays in a browser tab relative URL may use two periods followed by a forward slash (../) in front of a filename to indicate the file is one directory above fragment, of a document by adding a hash tag (#) and a fragment identifier at the end of the URL block element (sometimes called a block-level element) fills the width of the element's parent container and can contain other block elements, inline elements, and text <div> An inline element fills the minimum space possible in the element's parent container and can only contain text or other inline elements ex. <span> <a> query string is a set of name=value pairs separated by the ampersand character (&) <style> tag is placed in an HTML document prior to the <body> scripts and style not shown in browser Examples of non-semantic elements: <div> and <span> <nav>- Tells nothing about its content. Examples of semantic elements: <form>, <table>, and <article> - Clearly defines its content HTML = STATIC, ALLOWS ERRORS, PREDEFINED TAGS, LIMITED; XML = DYNAMIC, NO ERRORS, USER TAGS, UNLIMITED. EM= elements general sibling selector, specified using a tilde character (~) adjacent sibling selector, specified using a plus character (+) between two selectors, matches an element that immediately follows another element, where both elements have the same parent = Attribute has exact value ~= Attribute contains whole word ^= Attribute begins with value The clear property can stop elements from floating :root selector, which targets the highest DOM element relative size is a size that is relative to another size. Some common relative size units include: em - Relative to the element's font size. Ex: 2em = 2 × current font size. Ex x-height of the actual font ch width of the zero rem - Relative to the root element's font size. Ex: 1.5rem = 1.5 × <html> element's font size. vw - 1% of the viewport's width. Ex: 10vw = 10% of browser's width. vh - 1% of the viewport's height. Ex: 5vh = 5% of browser's height. Vmin 1% of viewport’s smaller dimension Vmax 1% of viewport's larger dimension % - Percentage of the element's font size. Ex: 120% = 20% larger than the current font size The font-weight property specifies the font weight, such as normal or bold. The font-style property changes the text style, such as normal, italic, or oblique. The font-variant property specifies the variant of the text, such as normal or small-caps flex-shrink property sets a proportion that determines the item's minimum size flex-grow property sets a proportion that determines how much of the available container space should be assigned to the item flex-basis property sets the initial length of a flex item BOX = Two values - Specifies top and bottom, right and left thickness Three values - Specifies top, right and left, and bottom thickness Four values - Specifies top, right, bottom, and left thickness A viewport is the visible area of a web page BORDER Radius = Two values - First value is top-left and bottom-right corners, second value is top-right and bottom-left corners Three values - First value is top-left, second is top-right and bottom-left, third is bottom-right Four values - First value is top-left, second is top-right, third is bottom-right, fourth is bottom-left -webkit- for Chrome, Safari, and newer versions of Opera -moz- for Firefox -ms- for Internet Explorer -o- for older versions of Opera ease - Slow start, then fast, then slow end (default) linear - Same speed throughout ease-in - Slow start ease-out - Slow end ease-in-out - Slow start and end cubic-bezier(n1,n2,n3,n4) - Specify numbers that control speed based on a Bezier curve Bootstrap is one of the most popular free, open-source frameworks. It uses HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to help a developer create responsive websites Trouble shooting = Storage for cookies network for request element for sizing inspector for CSS declaration precedence console for JS Which Bootstrap installation option avoids bundling Bootstrap with the source code of a website? CDN
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