Pelvis and Hips
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Important region for mammals
o Serves as attachment sites and protection for Reproduction Organs
Eliminations of waste products
A key role in Helping us walk upright
General Functions
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Stable base for HAT (Heads, Arms, Trunks) and LE (Lower Extremities)
Contains and Supports the Visceral Contents
Transmits and Absorbs forces to and from HAT and LE
Stability and Mobility
Locomotion
Bones of the Pelvis
The Bony Pelvis
Hip bones
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3 bones have fused from ages 22 to 25 years old of adults’ average
Ilium
o Superiorly located
Ischium
o Posteriorly and Inferiorly Located
Pubis
o Anteriorly Oriented
Pubic Symphysis
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Where the left and right hip bones connect
Fibrous joint that allows limited movement
Sacroiliac Joint
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Joint located between the Sacrum and Ilium
Weight transfer occurs in this Strong Joint
Sacrum
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Posteriorly Oriented Bone
Where the weight transfer actually occurs at the Sacroiliac Joint
Coccyx
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Inferior to the Sacrum
AKA as the Tailbone
Lacks the other features of the vertebra
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Remnant of the vertebral bodies that doesn’t serve much purpose
Key Landmarks of the Pelvis
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Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
o Located Superiorly
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Pubic Tubercle
o Located Inferiorly
o The weight of the internal organs are being supported hugely by the pubic bones
anteriorly
In Anatomical Position, both aligns vertically or through the coronal plane
In Anatomical Position, the pelvis is not completely vertical, but is tilted anteriorly to allow for a
little bit more skeletal support
Osteology of the Hip Bone
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Technically is 3 bones that are fused together
In early development, these 3 pieces are not connected until age 20 when bones are fused but is
still identifiable individually but no visible point of fusion
3 bones are the following
o Ilium
 Superiorly Located
 Broad, flat bone that extends superiorly above the superior aspect of the
acetabulum
 Majority of the bone extends above the hip joint
 Ala
 The portion that extends up
 Fan Shaped portion or Wing
 Iliac Fossa
o Inner aspect of the extension
o Smooth Depression
 Auricular Surface
o Medial Aspect of the extension
o Rough and ear-shaped area
o Meets up with the Sacrum
 Iliac Crest
o Superior Aspect of the extension
o Also seen as a ridge
o Can be felt and palpated in majority of individual
 Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
 Key site of attachment of 2 muscles of the thigh and the Inguinal
ligament
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Pubis
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Large Prominence anteriorly
Key Landmark for Physicians
Anteriorly Located
Forms the Anterior Aspect of the Acetabulum
Most Anterior of the 3 bones
Also known as the Pubic Bone
When place in an anatomical position, the ASIS is in a straight line with a portion
of the Pubic Bone/Pubis
 This portion is know as the Pubic Tubercle
Starts to enclose a true hole through the hip
 This is called the Obturator Foramen
Will form the superior aspect of the Obturator Foramen
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o Ischium
 Inferiorly Located
 Will form the Inferior aspect of the Obturator Foramen as well as the Inferior
aspect of the Acetabulum
 Posteriorly and inferiorly oriented portion of the Hip
 Ischial Tuberosity
 The portion of the ischium that we sit on
 Roughened area, serves as the attachments to the hamstring on the
back of the thigh
 Ischial Spine
 Spike/spine that projects medially from the Ischium
Also known as “Innominate” Bone
o Meaning “Unnamed” Bone
Triradiate Cartilage
o The Y-shaped junction where the 3 bones fused and meet up
Acetabulum
o Cup-like depression that receives the head of the femur
o Where the point of fusion where the 3 fused hip bones meet up is located