KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA
KANKARBAGH , PATNA 20
ENGLISH PROJECT
AISSCE: 2022-2023
Prepare a report on the indigo
movement and civil disobedience
movement in bihar and also write a brief
report on its unsung heroes
TOPIC:
SUBMITED BY - UTSAV RAJ SONY
SUBJECT
TEACHERRAJEEV
KUMAR SINGH
CLASS : XIIth - C
ROLL NO. - 27
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Utsav Raj Sony a student
of class 12th C has successfully completed the
english project on the topic Prepare a report on the
Indigo Movement and Civil Disobedience
Movement in Bihar and also write a brief report
on its unsung heroes. Under the guidence of Mr.
Rajeev Kumar Singh. in the academic year of
2022-2023. the project is absolute genuine and does
not indulge in the plagiarism of any kind. The
reference is taken in making this project have been
declared at the end of this project
Signature
{examiner}
signature
{subject teacher}
ACKANOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to convey my sincier gratitude to
almighty god. It is my almost pleasure to express
deep sence of gratitude towards MR. Rajeev
Kumar Singh. My english teacher who directed to
me to complete this project successfully.
I also wished to acknowledge my heart full thanks
to sir Vijay Kumar the principal of our school my
parents and friend who helped me to complete the
project on time
Date:- 20/01/2023
signature:
Champaran
Satyagraha- India’s
First Civil
Disobedience
Movement
The Champaran Satyagraha is considered to be a
vital event in the history of India’s freedom
struggle. It was India’s first Civil
Disobedience movement launched by Mahatma
Gandhi to protest against the injustice meted
out to tenant farmers in the Champaran
district of Bihar. Let us read in detail about
Champaran Satyagraha.
The Champaran Satyagraha was the combination
of elements of extra-constitutional struggle
as well as the employment of moral force
against an adversary, an exemplar of the rule
of law; and the use of compromise as a gambit.
It is marked as India’s first Civil
Disobedience Movement launched by Mahatma
Gandhi to protest against the injustice meted
out to tenant farmers in Champaran district of
Bihar.
Champaran district was the part of permanent
settlement area which consisted of the large
zamindari estates under rich and influential
landlords. Most of the villages were leased
out by the zamindars to thikadars of whom the
most influential were European Indigo Planters.
Though the planters were temporary tenure
holders, they not only extracted rent from the
peasants but also exercised civil and criminal
jurisdiction.
Historical
background of
Champaran
Satyagraha
Before Champaran Satyagraha, the farmer of
Champaran used to follow the "panchkathiya"
system, whereby five katthas of land in a
bigha had to be planted with indigo. The local
agitators and leaders like Sheikh Gulab,
Harbans Sahay, Pir Mohammed Munsi, Sant Rawat
and Lomrah Singh agitated against
the "panchkathiya" system and managed to
extract some concession and the system that
came to be practiced was
the "tinkathiya" system (three, instead of
five, katthas of land was to be planted with
indigo).
Raj Kumar Shukla was not happy with the
concession and wanted to change the obnoxious
system of agricultural labour prevailing in
Champaran. They could not grow the food they
needed, nor did they receive adequate payment
for the indigo.
It was Ganesh Vidyarthi who had mentioned
Gandhi's work in Africa to Shukla. Brajkishore
Prasad and Rajendra Prasad who were the
sympathetic lawyers of Patna suggested him to
meet Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who was
attending the 31st Session of the Congress in
Lucknow (held between December 26 and 30,
1916).
Therefore, Raj Kumar Shukla and Sant
Raut persuaded Gandhi to go to Champaran, and
thus, the Champaran Satyagraha began. Gandhi
arrived in Champaran 10 April 1917 and stay on
the house of Sant raut in Amolwa village with
a team of eminent lawyers: Brajkishore Prasad,
Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha
Ramnavmi Prasad, and others include J. B.
Kripalani.
History of Bihar
Gandhiji and
Champaran
Satyagraha
Gandhiji reached Champaran in 1917 with Raj
Kumar Shukla. On his arrival, the District
Magistrate served him with a notice saying
that he was not to remain in the district of
Champaran but must leave the place by the
first available train.
Gandhi disobeyed this order. He was summoned
to appear before the court. The magistrate
said, ‘If you leave the district now and
promise not to return, the case against you
will be withdrawn.’
‘This cannot be.’ replied Gandhi. ‘I came
here to render humanitarian and national
service. I shall make Champaran my home and
work for the suffering people.’
The charismatic attributes of Gandhi can be
judged when he appeared before the crowd and
said, ‘You must show your faith in me and in
my work by remaining quiet. The magistrate had
the right to arrest me because I disobeyed his
order. If I am sent to jail, you must accept
that as just. We must work peacefully. And a
violent act will harm our cause.’
Famous Personalities and their contribution in
Indian History
The crowd dispersed peacefully. The police
stared at Gandhi in admiration as he went
inside the court.
The Government withdrew the case against
Gandhi and allowed him to remain in the
district. Gandhi stayed there to study the
grievances of the peasants.
He took up residence at Hazarimal Dharmashala
in Bettiah village. He then visited many
villages in the region to study the grievances
of the peasants. He recorded the statements
and testimonies of 8,000 indigo cultivators to
understand their issues and the causes
underlying them.
He came to the conclusion that the ignorance
of the cultivators was one of the main reasons
why it was possible for the European planters
to repress them.
He came to the conclusion that the ignorance
of the cultiva rs was one of the main reasons
why it was possible for the European planters
to repress them.
Then, he led organized protests and strike
against the landlords, who with the guidance
of the British government, signed an agreement
granting more compensation and control over
farming for the poor farmers of the region,
and cancellation of revenue hikes and
collection until the famine ended. It was
during this agitation, that the first time
Gandhi called Bapu (Father) by Sant
Raut and Mahatma (Great Soul).
For the first time in India, Gandhi was
displaying that magnetic personality, which
was to draw multitudes to him and to earn him
the title of Mahatma and the nickname of Bapu.
Under pressure from the Government of India,
the Government of Bihar appointed a committee
of inquiry (June 1917).
The recommendations of
implemented, partly by
Act of 1917 and partly
which contains several
prescription of limits
rents.
the committee were
the Champaran Agrarian
by executive orders
concessions and
for enhancement of
THE END