Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food
British also levied heavy taxes on them
Famine struck, and British response was to increase taxes by 23%
Poor, indentured Indians forced to grow cash crops (indigo, cotton) instead of food
Gandhi proposed satyagraha – non-violence, mass civil disobedience
His arrest rallied hundreds outside of the jail – he was released
British agreed to give farmers more control over farming and cancelled taxes

Small gathering in the Jallianwala
Bagh to protest the Rowlatt Act –
British able to arrest and punish any terror suspect
Thousands more were there to celebrate a Sikh holiday
Brigadier-General Dyer would have soldiers open fire on the masses

“Swaraj” – an Independent India
“Swadeshi” – boycott foreign made goods
Non-cooperation
Gandhi named their leader

Non-violent protest of the salt tax
Walked 388 kilometres to Dandi, Gujarat
Thousands of Indians joined him
Britain responded by imprisoning over 60,000 people
Brought world-wide attention to
India’s struggles for independence

As a means to a political end
In support of “Harijans” – or
“Untouchables”, whom Gandhi believed should be accepted into society

Civil disobedience movement to bring complete independence
Would not support Britain against
Nazi Germany
Gandhi and the entire Congress were arrested
Thousands were killed, injured, and arrested

Jawaharlal Nehru became Prime
Minister of India
Muhammad Ali Jinnah became
Governor-General of Pakistan
12.5 million displaced people
Violent uprisings causing the deaths of a million people?