20th CENTURY ART MOVEMENT
ART APPRECIATION
TRANSCRIPTION | Report
WHAT IS THE 20TH CENTURY ART
MOVEMENT ALL ABOUT?
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CHANGING PERSPECTIVE
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20th century art was an
experimental approach
to the artists’
perspective and
understanding.
BREAKING WITH TRADITION
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Artists began
discovering new ways
to represent reality and
barking new
approaches to
disciplinarity and
reality.
Charing Cross Bridge
Andre Derain
MODERNISM
This is what we recognize as the historical
theme of the 20th century today.
FAUVISM IN FRANCE
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Use of extremely vivid colors
which represented comfort, joy
and pleasure.
The Fauves’ (fauvism artists)
tendency to distort the form and
the primary of color was a crucial
shift from the traditional form of
art making.
WILD BEASTS
Three of fauvism’s notable
protagonists were Henri Matisse, Andre
Derain, and Maurice de Vlaminck who
met around 1901, started sharing a studio,
worked together and developed a new
shared interest in bold color and direct
brushwork.
They introduced individualism
using dense brush strokes and dissolving
the forms which led to a very evident
change in perspective.
The Seine at Chatou
Maurice de Vlaminck
EXPRESSIONISM IN GERMANY
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Expressionism is an art
movement that emerged in early
20th century
German Expressionism focuses
on the artists’ emotion and
self-expression.
It favored subjectivity over reality
depiction using different
techniques
It struggled to acquire a
significance as a movement since
there were a lot of art movements
that emerged with expressionism
because of devastating events
such as World War I.
Klange
Wassily Kandinsky
Der Wasserfall
Franz Marc
SENECIO 1992
Paul Klee
He is a Swiss-born German artist. His
highly individual style was influenced by
movements in art that included
expressionism, cubism, and surrealism.
Self Portrait I
Marianne von Werefkin
BLUE CREST
Wassily Kandinsky
He founded the Der Blaue Reiter art
movement, one of the most influential
groups of German Expressionism.
CUBISM
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Cubism is considered to be the
first abstract movement.
The founding artists found a new
approach in representing reality
by creating a similar but distorted
imagery in a two-dimensional
manner.
It emphasizes geometric shapes
After 1918, cubist paintings have
already become part of a more
conservative stream, since
painting itself was facing a critical
point
Les Demoiselles d`Avignon
Pablo Picasso
Established the cubism movement in the
early 20th century.
PABLO PICASSO
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Picasso also helped invent
Cubism and collage. The new
techniques he brought to his
graphic works and ceramic works
changed the course of both art
forms for the rest of the century.
The Weeping Woman
Pablo Picasso
GEORGES BRAQUE
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Braque entered what is called a
synthetic phase of Cubism. He
began to use more colors and to
represent objects through large
planes.
The Bird Seller
Vicente Manansala
FUTURISM
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Futurism was inspired by cubism
as a style.
Futurism emphasized
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energy,
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dynamism,
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industry,
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speed,
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and technology
The Blue Dancer
Gino Severini
Flippo Tommaso Marinetti invented and
led the futurism art movement
Dynamism of a Car
Luigi Rossolo
Umberto Boccioni - During his short life,
he produced some of the movement's
iconic paintings and sculptures.
Primavera Umbria
Gerardo Dottori
NEGOTIATING ABSTRACT ART SUPREMATISM, NEOPLASTICISM,
BAUHAUS SCHOOL
TOTAL REDUCTION OF SHAPE AND
FORM
All of the movements from the 1900s and
1910s led to a total reduction of shape and
form
SUPREMATISM
NEOPLASTICISM: DE STIJL “The
Modern Plastic Art Movement”
De stijl means “The Style” was conceived in
1917 in the Netherlands by a group of
artists who had an idea to understand the
purity of form and the reality of nature.
The style was called Neoplasticism or the
new plastic art which aimed to develop a
universal language without hidden
meanings and a form of purism that is
based on shapes and three primary colors.
Those who were not inclined to affiliate art
with life joined Kazimir Maljevis and his
concept of the “supremacy of the pure
artistic feeling” embodied through this
Focused on pure abstraction with the use of
fundamentals of geometry (circles, squares,
**rectangles)
Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow
of Piet Mondrian
Composition VII (The Three Graces) of
Theo van Doesburg
“Suprematism” of Kazimir Malevich
Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge of
Elizar Lissitzky
BAUHAUS SCHOOL
A school founded in 1919 which stood as
a representative of an all-encompassing
style that conjoined ideas from opposing
styles
Aimed to merge intellectualized art with
manufacture
DADAISM
Dadaism was the pioneer of anti-art. It is
playful and highly experimental art.
Dada was never restricted by anything
and everything happens in a completely
“idiotic way”
SURREALISM
Surrealists claim to create form and images
not primarily by reason but by unthinking
impulse
Surrealists declare that a magical world is
more beautiful than that of the real one.
It appeared as a response to the dadaist
activities from before.
L.H.O.O.Q.
Marcel Duchamp
French painter Marcel Duchamp joined
the Dada movement by painting a
mustache on a reproduction of Mona
Lisa. It was an ingenious assault on
tradition and a public that had lost the
humanistic spirit of Renaissance
Andre Breton had the right over the term
Surrealism as he is more eloquent as he
implemented this movement and actively
contributed to the scene and surrealist
theory.
Egg in the Church of the Snake
Andre Breton
Premier Promenade
Man Ray
The Persistence of Memory
Salvador Dali
The Bride Stripped Bare by Her
Bachelors, Even
Marcel Duchamp and Rrose Selavy
The Tilled Field
Joan Miro
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM
POP ART
Abstract Expressionism was more of a
philosophy than a name for a unified visual
identity.
A direct response to the
over-intellectualized high art (Abstract
Expressionism, that is).
It was the first internationally acclaimed
influential movement to originate in
America.
It is an idea to merge low art and high art
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Low art refers to arts that are
meant for the masses and are for
mere entertainment while high
arts need background knowledge
on history in order to appreciate
it.
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High arts are usually for those
who have participated in an
educated and informed way in the
cultural dialog about art
WORLD WAR II
Before and during the Second World
War, many creatives moved from Europe
and found refuge in the United States.
Incidentally, it was the period in which
Abstract Expressionism emerged in
America.
War is often associated with this style
Pop Art involved highly figurative motives
and objects from popular culture, speaking
to the broader audiences in a more
relatable, familiar language.
One of the most distinct styles, and it
became a highly collectible, commercial
type of art that indeed was respected both
by high art institutions and the masses.
Autumn Rhythm
Jackson Pollock
The Liver is the Cock’s Comb
Arshile Gorky
Still Life 35
Tom Wesselman
3 FLAGS
Jasper Johns
Woman I
William de Kooning
Marilyn Dyptych
Andy Warhol
1960s - PROTESTS, REVOLUTIONS,
CONCEPTUAL ART
ONE AND THREE CHAIRS
Joseph Kosuth
It was a revolutionary organization with
an ideology of Black nationalism,
socialism, and armed self-defense,
particularly against police brutality..
ONE AND THREE SHOVELS
Joseph Kosuth
STREET ART BEGAN TO APPEAR
ALONG THE STREETS OF NEW YORK
FOUNTAIN
Marcel Duchamp
It is true that women were present in art
history both as artists and models, but
only the latter is widespread and offers
plenty of information, while the former
barely stands ground.
CONTEMPORARY ART,
POST-CONCEPTUAL ART
LATE 20TH CENTURY AND THE 21ST
CENTURY
The term “contemporary arts” came into
use, in order to try to classify different types
of art that coexist at the same time.
NON-MATERIAL ART
The confusing term contributes to the
fragmentation of all the various types of
artworks we can see in the 21st century.
During this era, Non-material art that
favors the idea over the material product
gave rise to Performance and Land Art.
PERFORMANCE AND LAND ART
One example is Marina Abramovic’s
Rhythm Zero which was a six-hour work
of performance art.
Peter Osborne prefers the term
post-conceptual rather than contemporary
to describe today's prevalent artistic
practices.
ART WAS NO LONGER STRICTLY
RELATED TO GALLERIES
Art-making was no longer strictly related to
galleries indeed, and many new types of
non-art and anti-art appeared.
Galleries are still pretty much as white as
ever, meaning that conceptual art was
eventually silenced or transformed by the
art market.
SEALED COMPUTERS
Maurizio Bolognini
THE BIRTH OF THE VIRACTUAL
Joseph Nechvatal
Computer-robotic assisted acrylic on
canvas
ARTWORKS ARE GETTING MORE
EXPENSIVE EACH DAY
Artworks are getting more expensive each
day - even the ones produced by
conceptual artists from the 60s - and the
market just keeps on growing (while
everything else seems to go down).