Name: Cleford Cajilo, Balili bGrade 10 Section: 10-Savio SA 2.2 Guided Generalization - EM Spectrum INSTRUCTIONS: Open the following video below and answer the guide questions per video. Divide the back page to 3 equal parts for the answers of the three (3) video guide questions and make a sound personal “ Enduring Understanding “ as you answer the EQ by incorporating your collective understanding from the 3 videos and your prior knowledge of the nature, duration in exposing to the appllications and effects of electromagnetic waves to living things. Video # 1 Video # 2 Video # 3 “ Electromagnetic Spectrum” 5:19 “ Is Radiation Dangerous? “ 5:21 “ The Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Health and tips to prevent health problems “ 2:50 by: BestOfScience By: Matt Anticole https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfXzwh3KadE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zI2vRwFKnHQ by: envirochip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APJw7fpeuFQ What are the different regions of the EM 7. What is Radiation? wave? The EM spectrum is generally divided into Radiation is a type of energy that can travel seven regions, in order of decreasing through space. Sometimes it travels in the form wavelength and increasing energy and of a wave. That’s called electromagnetic frequency. The common designations are: radiation. Sometimes, it travels as a beam of radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR), visible fast-moving particles. That’s called particle light, ultraviolet (UV), X-rays and gamma rays. radiation. 1. 2. How does each EM wave’s wavelength; frequency and amount of energy are related to one another in the spectrum? Radiation is all around you! And it’s been there all your life. 15. The energy of a wave is directly proportional to 8. What are the two types of radiation? its frequency, but inversely proportional to its Compare each in terms of its nature; wavelength. In other words, the greater the source; applications? energy, the larger the frequency and the shorter (smaller) the wavelength. *Beta and Electromagnetic waves 3. How does EM wave travel? Electromagnetic waves do not carry energy by causing matter to vibrate, it is the electric and What should users of mobile phones, laptops and other gadgets know about the dangers of overuse of these gadgets? Excessive use of gadgets such as mobile phones, tablets, and computer desktops can cause physical and mental damage to children. According to a study, a child will likely to become overweight and develop seizure and vision problems when they spend too much time using gadgets. 14. •The first kind of radiation is a beta particle. It's an electron that is not attached to an atom. It has a small mass and a negative charge. Tritium, which is produced by cosmic radiation How do the use of these gadgets harm one’s health? One of the most obvious risks of using a computer daily is eyesight decline. Plus electronics used before bed can prolong the length of time it takes to go to sleep (our brain sees light and assumes it’s day and not night). You should take breaks when using a computer especially if your job requires daily use of them. They can lead to increased sedentary time which is also unhealthy. magnetic fields that vibrate. This explains why electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum. 4. What are the different applications of EM waves? The practical application of electromagnetic waves is they are used to transmit short or long or FM wavelength radio waves. They are used to transmit TV or telephone or wireless signals and energies. They are responsible for the transmission of energy in the forms of microwaves, visible light, infrared radiation, ultraviolet light, gamma rays and also X-rays. 5. How does the knowledge of the EM spectrum help in capturing images on earth and in outer space? Astronomers use a number of telescopes sensitive to different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to study objects in space. Even though all light is fundamentally the same thing, the way that astronomers observe light depends on the portion of the spectrum they wish to study. For example, different detectors are sensitive to different wavelengths of light. In addition, not all light can get through the Earth’s atmosphere, so for some wavelengths we have to use telescopes aboard satellites. Even the way we collect the light can change depending on the wavelength. Here we briefly introduce observatories used for each band of the EM spectrum. in the atmosphere and exists all around us, emits beta radiation. Carbon-14, used in carbon-dating of fossils and other artifacts, also emits beta particles. Carbon-dating simply makes use of the fact that carbon-14 is radioactive. If you measure the beta particles, it tells you how much carbon-14 is left in the fossil, which allows you to calculate how long ago the organism was alive. •The second kind of radiation is electromagnetic radiation, like X-rays and gamma rays. They are probably the most familiar type of radiation because they are used widely in medical treatments. These rays are like sunlight, except they have more energy. Unlike the other kinds of radiation, there is no mass or charge. The amount of energy can range from very low, like in dental x-rays, to the very high levels seen in irradiators used to sterilize medical equipment. 16. Children are smaller, more weaker and vulnerable. Their immune systems aren’t like adults, where they are fully developed which therefore, can get them sick more easily. 17. If we live in a world surrounded by radiation; how can we escape its dangerous effects? There are many more specific rules pertaining to different situations. The basics of radiation protection are TIME, DISTANCE, and SHIELDING. TIME – Minimize the amount of time you are in an area that has a radiation field. DISTANCE -Keep as much distance as practical between you and a radioactive source. What should parents do to minimize radiation exposure to children? Parents should avoid letting their children to use cellphone/mobile gadgets or computer. Well small children of course they should be aware about their immune system is not yet developed and their body is still weak Soo they should be really careful to care for their own children’s…If the parents has a teenager child He/She should do time management of his/her teenager child. 18. 9. Why are children more vulnerable to its negative effects? What are the preventive measures to reduce the risk of exposure to harmful radiation? •Limit the time spent in places with high between the person and the source of Radiation levels. • the distance Radiation. •Use an appropriate shielding in Between the source and the worker. 19. 6. How is the nature of EM waves used in various applications? SHIELDING – Stay behind something that is good at stopping radiation. If you are in a contaminated area, keep your hands away from your face until you can decontaminate Leave the contaminated area as soon as practicable and thoroughly decontaminate. Electromagnetic waves have a vast range of practical everyday applications that includes such diverse uses as communication by cell phone and radio broadcasting, WiFi, cooking, vision, medical imaging, and treating cancer. In this module, we discuss how electromagnetic 10. Compare ionizing and non-ionizing radiation? waves are classified into categories such as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, and so on. We also Radiation is classified as being either nonsummarize some of the main applications for ionizing or ionizing. Non-ionizing radiation is each range. longer wavelength/lower frequency lower energy. While ionizing radiation is short wavelength/high frequency higher energy. Ionizing Radiation has sufficient energy to produce ions in matter at the molecular level. 11. Is all radiation hazardous? What makes them harmful? Alpha particles are the most harmful internal hazard as compared with gamma rays and beta particles. Radioactive materials that emit alpha and beta particles are most harmful when swallowed, inhaled, absorbed, or injected. Gamma rays are the most harmful external hazard. 12. What is the possible outcome if one is experiencing acute radiation? Exposure to large doses of radiation in a short time result in Acute Radiation Syndrome How does the children’s length of exposure to EM radiation affect their growth and development? Health? Children’s Exposure to low frequency fields that are strong enough can lead to dizziness, seeing light flashes and feeling tingling or pain through stimulation of nerves. And Exposure to radiofrequency fields that are strong enough can lead Children’s to heating of body tissue, and result in damage to tissues and organs. (ARS). ARS includes four stages. A prodromal stage with gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can begin within minutes or days of the exposure and last up to several days. A latent stage follows in which the patient feels fine for a period of time ranging from hours to weeks. This latent stage is followed by a manifest illness stage, which includes one or more of three classic. Subsyndromes. • Bone marrow syndrome often leading to death from the destruction of bone marrow resulting in infections and hemorrhage. • Gastrointestinal syndrome likely leading to death from serious gastrointestinal tract damage causing infections, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance. • Cardiovascular/central nervous system syndrome leading to death within a few days from circulatory system collapse and increased intracranial pressure from edema, vasculitis, and meningitis The final stage is either recovery or death. The entire process can take from a few weeks to a couple years. 13. How does EM radiation affect humans and the environment? Some forms of electromagnetic radiation, which is radiation found in different kinds of light waves, including ultraviolet light and Xrays, can cause damage to the DNA inside a living cell. When DNA is damaged by radiation, it can lead to cell death or to cancer. How can the benefits and hazards of EM Spectrum applications be determined? Their vibrations or oscillations are changes in electrical and magnetic fields at right angles to the direction of wave travel. All electromagnetic waves: transfer energy from the source of the waves to an absorber. Can travel through a vacuum such as in space.
