Introduction
• Anesthesia is the administration of medication to allow medical procedures
to be done without pain and, in some cases, without the patient being awake
during the procedure.
• It's used in a wide range of procedures, from invasive surgeries like openheart surgery to minor procedures.
Types of anaesthesia
• General anaesthesia
• Regional anaesthesia
• Local anaesthesia
General anesthesia
• General anesthesia is a state of controlled unconsciousness during which patient feel
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nothing.
In general anesthesia patient will have no memory of what happens when she/ he was
under anaesthetized.
A general anesthetic is required for a very wide range of operations. This includes most
major operations on the heart, lungs or in the abdomen, and many operations on the brain
or the major arteries.
Anesthetic drugs are injected into a vein, or through inhalation.
The GA works by stopping the brain from responding to sensory messages travelling from
nerves in the body.
Regional Anesthesia
• Regional anesthesia is a type of anesthesia which numbs a large part of the body, such as from
the waist down.
• The medication is delivered through an injection or catheter and is used when a simple injection
of local anesthetic is not enough, and when it’s better for the patient to be awake.
Type of anesthesia.
• spinal blocks and
• epidurals, is often used for childbirth.
• The epidural is the most common used for labor and delivery. It allows the mother to be awake
and able to push when it’s time to deliver the baby, but numbs the pain.
• A spinal block — is stronger and is used during procedures such as cesarean deliveries.
• Spinal blocks and epidurals allow the surgical deliver the baby without
causing pain to the mother, and without subjecting the baby to sedating
drugs that might be harmful.
Local anaesthesia
• his type of anesthesia is typically used to numb a small site for minor
procedures, such as filling a cavity or for a skin biopsy.