Allele Different possibilities for a trait. One from mom, one from dad. Cell Differentiation: How embryo cells become specialized Gametes: Sex Cells! Sperm and Egg Somatic: Body Cells! NOT passed on Genotype: The genes. Ex: Homozygous Dominant (TT) Phenotype: The physical traits. Ex: Straight Hair Heterozygous: Two different alleles for the same trait. (Tt) Homozygous: Two identical alleles for the same trait. (TT or tt) Karyotype: Visual way to look at chromosomes Frameshift: Mutations in which nucleotides are inserted or deleted