Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
FIRST QUARTER – WEEK 1
I.
OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the (1) Concept of disaster (2) Concept
of disaster risk (3) Nature of disasters (4) Effects of disasters
B. Performance Standard:
The learners shall be able to relate the concept of disaster with daily life.
C. Learning Competency:
The learners should be able:
1. explain the meaning of disaster;
2. differentiate the risk factors underlying disasters
II.
 Specific Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. define the meaning of disaster;
2. differentiate disaster from hazard;
3. define disaster risk;
4. identify the different factors of disaster risk; and
5. recognize the risk factors underlying disasters
.
CONTENT: Disaster and Disaster Risk
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References (Other Learning Resources)
 https://psba.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Disaster-Risk-Reduction-ResourceManual-2008.pdf
 https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/2013-stateclimate-record-breaking-super-typhoon-haiyan
 https://littlemissurbanite.com/2016/01/06/hazard-and-disaster-gamesand-activities/
 https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/big-history-project/future/thebiosphere/a/activity-natural-disasters
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
IV. PROCEDURE
(ELICIT)
A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson
Philippines being an archipelago and located in the Pacific Ring of Fire is experiencing a
lot of disasters. Write 5 words/phrases on the cloud that is related to the term “DISASTER”.
(ENGAGE)
B. Establishing the purpose for the lesson
Instructions: For us to know if you are a keen observer of your surroundings, let’s assess
your prior knowledge by answering the questions below.
Question 1: What is a disaster?
Question 2: How is disaster different from hazard?
C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson
_ L _ _D _ _ G
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
T__H__N
V _ _ C _ _ I C _ _U P _ _ _ N
(EXPLORE)
D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1
Instructions: Below is a picture showing the aftermath of Super typhoon Yolanda in
Leyte. Analyze the picture. Then answer the questions below.
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
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Debris lines the streets of Tacloban, Leyte Island. Photo by Trocaire, via Wikimedia.
Question 1: What can you see on the picture? Describe it in 1 to 2 sentences.
Question 2: Identify the causes of disaster.
Question 3: Based on the picture above, explain the meaning of disaster.
E. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #2
Directions: Identify 3 disasters that you have experienced for the last 5 years then describe
each experience in 1 or 2 sentences. Use the graphic organizer below.
Disasters I have experienced…
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
(EXPLAIN)
F. Developing mastery
Let’s Study This! Read the notes below:
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (DRRR)
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (DRRR) is a subject that aims to reduce the
damage caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, droughts and volcanic eruption,
through an ethic of prevention and by educating the youth as shown in UN World Disaster
Reduction Campaign in 2000 (UN 2000). UN’s theme priority has become integral to focusing
on the use of knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at
all levels. Moreover, Section 14 of the Republic Act 10121 (or the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Act of 2010) requires DepEd, CHED, and TESDA to integrate
disaster risk education in school curricula.
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
According to Leonard Pineda (2016), this subject focuses on the application of scientific
knowledge and the solution of practical problems in a physical environment. It is designed to
bridge the gap between theoretical science and daily living. DRRR helps people consider
emergency response activities insight of existing and new disaster risks. This enables them to
design or adjust their activities so that people and communities become safer and more
disaster-resilient, as well as safeguarding efforts to create and expand enabling conditions for
sustainable poverty alleviation and development (Care Emergency Tool Kit section 3.2, 2019).
Disaster
The widespread destruction or damage to a community shown in the pictures above are
caused either by a natural phenomenon or by man. These are known as hazards. Hazard refers
to any phenomenon that has the potential to cause disruption or damage to humans and their
environment. Or an event or occurrence that has the potential for causing injury to life, property
and environment. In the picture below, the natural hazard is landslide or rock fall.
Disasters often follow natural hazards (World Meteorological Organization, 2020). A
disaster's severity depends on how much impact a hazard has on society and the environment.
A disaster occurs if there is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community
because of a widespread destruction. There is NO natural disaster, only natural hazard
because disaster is the effect of hazard.
Disaster can also be defined in terms of loss. If the loss suffered by a community is greater
than the ability of the resources to handle the situation, a disaster occurs.
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
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Disaster Risk
Disaster Risk (Risk) is the probability of harmful consequences, or expected loss of lives,
people injured, livelihoods, disruption of economic activities and damages to the environment
as a result of interactions between natural or human induced hazards and vulnerable / capable
conditions.
It is also used to describe the possible losses in lives, health, status, livelihood, properties
and services that a community may suffer in the future based on certain factors or conditions.
There are four factors that may increase or decrease disaster risk or your chances of
suffering from a disaster: 1. hazard, 2. exposure, 3. vulnerability, and 4. coping capacity.
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
Hazard refers to any phenomenon that has the potential to cause disruption or damage to
humans and their environment. Or an event or occurrence that has the potential for causing
injury to life, property and environment. A super typhoon approaching a populated city is a
hazard because it can cause harm all people and things present in the city. However, if a super
typhoon approaches an island without an inhabitant, then the super typhoon is not considered
as disaster because there are no people, animals, plants, and properties that will be affected.
Exposure to a hazard or simply called as exposure refers to people, property, systems or other
elements present in the hazard zones. When more people, properties or things are present in
hazard zone, there is high exposure. High exposure to a hazard increases the disaster risk.
Vulnerability comprises conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and
environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community, school,
or certain area in a locality to the impact of hazards.
.
Coping capacities are those positive resources and abilities which are helpful to individuals,
families and community in mitigating, preparing for, responding to and recovering from the
hazard impact. Capacity can be in terms of skills of people (e.g. carpentry), institutions to handle
a situation (e.g. Department of Health), equipment (e.g. ventilator), infrastructure (e.g. learning
center), and community policies (e.g.14-day quarantine period) or regulations (e.g. Building
Code for building construction).
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
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(ELABORATE)
G. Finding practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living (PERFORMANCE
TASK)
DIRECTION: Analyze the picture and the situation below. Then complete the table.
SITUATION: A community in a small town (very far from the city, little businesses or
establishments, little government resources) is shown above where houses are made of bamboo
sticks and light materials, are close to one another separated only by narrow streets. If one house
was caught on fire, what will happen to the rest of the community? Will disaster occur?
Questions
Explanation
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
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What is the hazard?
Identify the exposure level as
high or low
Identify the vulnerability as
high or low
Identify the coping capacity as
high or low
What is the level of disaster
risk (high or low)
Will disaster occur?
H. Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson
DIRECTION: Answer the questions briefly in 1 or 2 sentences.
Question 1: Explain disaster and give an example.
Question 2: Differentiate disaster from hazard.
Question 3: Relate disaster and disaster risk.
Question 4: Explain the 4 factors of disaster risk.
(EVALUATE)
I. Evaluating learning (WRITTEN WORK)
INSTRUCTIONS: Read the questions carefully. Write ONLY the letter on your answer sheet.
1. Positive resources and abilities which are helpful to individuals, families and community in
mitigating, preparing for, responding and recovering from the hazard impact.
A. Risk
C. Vulnerability
B. Hazard
D. Capacity
2. Which of the following regions is perceived as high - risk destination?
A. America
C. Europe
B. Middle East
D. Japan
3. Earthquakes, typhoons and volcanic eruptions can be ____________.
A. Prevented
C. Restored
B. Mitigated
D. Reinforced.
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4. A phenomenon that has a potential to cause disruption or damage to human and their
environment.
A. Hazard
C. Disaster risk
B. Disaster
D. Forecast
5. Activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective response to the impact of
hazards.
A. Response
C. Risk management
B. Preparedness
D. Risk analysis
6. The probability of harmful consequences such as expected loss of lives, people injured and
damages to the environment.
A. Response
C. Vulnerability
B. Risk
D. Coping capacity
7. Risk is comprised of the main factors:
A. Alert, response and alarm
B. Hazard, vulnerability and exposure
C. Vulnerability, susceptibility and exposure
D. Hazards, disaster and threats
8. The ability of the community to resist, absorb and recover from the disaster with the
development of its well-being is ________.
A. Resilience
C. Adaptability
B. Vulnerability
D. Exposure
9. During a disaster, how does the loss suffered by the community compare to its ability to cope
with the situation?
A. loss < ability of the community
C. loss = ability of the community
B. loss > ability of the community
D. cannot be determined
10. Which of the following is TRUE about disaster?
A. It is caused by a natural phenomenon only.
B. It causes destruction to limited parts of the community.
C. It causes serious disruption in the function of a community.
D. It causes mental terror and physical threat to selected people.
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Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Self-Instructional Packets (SIPacks)
(EXTEND)
J. Additional activities for application or remediation
Directions: Look at your area/ location. Identify one hazard (either natural or man-made)
that usually occurs in your area. Attach some pictures. Then explain the factors affecting disaster
risk in terms of exposure, hazard, vulnerability and coping capacity. Record your answer on the
Disaster Profile below.
Disaster Profile
Name of Place:
_______________________
Name of Hazard:
_______________________
Brief background of the hazard that happened
in the area. Does the hazard turn to disaster?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Insert photo here
Disaster Risk
Exposure:
Coping Capacity
___________________
________________
Vulnerability:
Overall Disaster Risk
___________________
_________________
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