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MAP
A. BASIC STRUCTURES
1. Active Voice: S (sự vật mới) + V (động từ miêu tả sự thay đổi) + O (sự vật cũ)
- A new stadium replaced a number of houses along the coast.
- Some factories took the place of many trees on the right bank of the river.
2. Passive Voice: O (sự vật cũ) + was/ were + PII (replaced/ removed/ demolished/
knocked down...+ by/ to make way for/ to give way to + S (sự vật mới)
- The old shopping center was demolished to make way for several offices and a
university.
- The industrial complex was extended towards the South.
3. There + be + N (danh từ miêu tả sự thay đổi) + of something
- There was an appearance of a cinema in the place of the art centre in the west of the
village.
- There was an extension of the industrial complex towards the South.
B. COMPLEX STRUCTURES
1. While + S1 + V1 (tense), S2 + V2 (tense)
- While the old shopping center was demolished, there was an appearance of several
offices and a university in the 2000s.
2. Relative clause
- The derelict warehouse which was situated in the north of the lakeside near the old
town was knocked down to give way to a car park.
C. VOCABULARY
1. Position
North-West
North
West
South-West
North-East
East
South
South-East
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A
B
B
A is to the north of B
A
Along
Dọc theo
Next to = be adjacent to
Bên cạnh
Near
Gần với
A is in the south of B
2. Common verbs
Describe location
Describe destruction
Describe introduction
Verb
Noun
be situated in | located in
situation | location
destroy
destruction
demolish
demolition
cut down
cutting down
knock down
knocking down
remove
removement
introduce
Introduction
add
addition
erect
erection
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construct
construction
build
building
expand
expansion
become bigger in size
Describe changes in size
Describe replacement
become smaller in size
shrink
shrinking
enlarge
enlargement
replace
replacement
make | give way | room for
build in place of
repurpose
Describe changes in use
Describe changes in
location
renovate
renovation
relocate
relocation
stay | remain
No change
unchanged | intact | the
same
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3. Common nouns
English
Vietnamese
accommodation
chỗ ở, nhà cửa
residential areas
khu dân cư
green space
khu cây xanh (công viên)
apartment buildings
khu chung cư
railway line
đường sắt
industrial zone
khu công nghiệp
appearance = emergence
sự xuất hiện
facilities = amenities = infrastructure
cơ sở vật chất, cơ sở hạ tầng
river bank
bờ sông
4. Language for prediction
S + to be (tense) + predicted | planned | anticipated | expected | proposed + to V
Example:
To the West of the main hall, a large leisure pool is planned to replace the outdoor courts