Cell Reproduction
The cell cycle
• Cell reproduction allows you to grow and heal injuries.
• Cell cycle: cells grow and divide (reproduce).
• Each time a cell goes through one cycle it becomes two cells.
• 3 stages of the cell cycle:
1. Interphase
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis
What is mitosis?
• Process where a single cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells.
• For growth and to replace worn out cells.
Interphase
• G1 (Gap 1): Cell grows
• S (Synthesis): (DNA is replicated)
• G2 (Gap 2): Cell prepares for mitosis
Prophase
Centrosomes
• 1st stage
• Longest phase
• Chromosome shaped like X
• Each half is a sister chromatid
• Centromere attaches the sister chromatids
• Nuclear membrane disappears
Centromere
Metaphase
• The sister chromatids line up in the middle
• This is one of the shortest stages of mitosis
Spindle apparatus
Anaphase
• Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles
Telophase
• 2 nuclear membranes begin to form and nuclei reappear.
• The spindle apparatus disassembles.
*Cleavage furrow in animal cells
*Cell plate in plant cells
Cytokinesis
• The cytoplasm is divided resulting in 2 genetically identical cells.
Mitosis