TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
2.0
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
2.1
2.2
3.0
SUBSTATION BUILDING
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0
General
Fire Hazard of Oil-Filled Equipment
Transformers
Outdoor Installation of Oil-Filled Transformers
Oil-Filled Capacitors
Oil-Filled Reactors
Structures and Supports
Oil/ SF6 Cable Termination (Sealing End)
CABLES
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
6.0
Location
Construction
Fire Resistance Ratings
Equipment Layout
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) System
Emergency Exits
Fire Exit Hardware
Fire Detection and Alarm System
Fire Suppression Systems
OIL-FILLED EQUIPMENT
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.0
General
Safety Practices
General
Fire Hazard of Cables
Cable Installation Practices
Cable penetration Fire Stops, Fire Breaks and Coatings
MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDS
6.1
6.2
Batteries
Combustable Materials
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 2 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
6.3
7.0
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Heating Equipment
SAFETY AND FIRST AID EQUIPMENT
7.1
7.2
First Aid Equipment
Safety Equipment
8.0
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
9.0
SYSTEM TESTS & ACCEPTANCE
10.0
TYPE OF DETECTING & ACTUATING MEANS FOR VARIOUS AREAS
11.0
BIBLOGRAPHY
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 3 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
1.0
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
1.1
This Standard provides the guidelines for fire and loss prevention requirements in the
design of substation facilities.
1.2
The objectives of this Standard are:
1.2.1. To specify the fire and loss prevention requirements of substations and
incorporate the fire protection system, fire alarm and detection systems
applicable to substations.
1.2.2. To incorporate safety requirements in the overall building design of
substations.
2.0
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
2.1
General
The design of a substation shall incorporate and ensure the safety and protection
features of the substation, such as substation shielding, insulation coordination, surge
protection, relaying, grounding, fire protection system, fire detection and alarm
system and other protective systems and devices intended to ensure the reliability of
the substation.
2.2
Safety Practices
2.2.1
2.2.2
Physical Layout
a.
Pipes, pull boxes, stands and operating platforms shall be located in
areas not normally used as paths by operators.
b.
Substations classified as "Vital" per TES-S-101 (SSD) shall have a
clear zone per TES-S-101.02 (SSD/1) and TES-S-101.03 (SSD/2).
Safety and Maintenance Clearances
Safety and maintenance clearances for electrical equipment shall be per TESP-119.08.
2.2.3
Lighting and Receptacles
Exit and emergency lighting, security perimeter, gatehouses, check points
and yard lighting in the substations, lighting accessories and power
receptacles shall be designed in accordance with TES-P-119.25.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 4 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
2.2.4
2.2.5
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Fencing and Boundary Wall
a.
Substation fencing and boundary walls shall comply with the
requirements of TES-P-119.19.
b.
The perimeter fence/boundary walls shall be provided with warning
signs "Danger High Voltage with Bones and Skull" conforming to
standard drawing SE-036809 and "Danger High Voltage Keep Away"
conforming to standard drawing SB-036084 on each outer periphery
side of the fence and at every 36 meters. Where the length of one side
of the boundary wall/fence exceeds 36 meters, such signs shall be
installed equidistant from the corner posts. In addition, such warning
signs shall be installed at the gate(s) of the substation perimeter fence.
Shielding
To minimize the exposure of direct lightning strokes on substations and
substation equipment, shielding shall be provided per TES-P-119.07.
2.2.6
Grounding
A permanent protective grounding system designed per TES-P-119.10 shall
be installed in the substation. All equipment and non-current carrying metal
parts of the fire detection and alarm system shall be grounded. Insulated
grounding conductor shall be colored green with yellow stripes with size per
TES-P-119-10.
2.2.7
Fault-Sensing and Interrupting Devices
The proper relaying or fault-sensing devices in combination with interrupting
devices shall protect all circuits and equipment. The combination of devices
used shall isolate the fault before any further and more serious problems
occur.
2.2.8
Marking and Identification of Equipment
All fire fighting equipment and facilities, hydrants and associated piping,
substation electrical and mechanical equipment including auxiliary devices
shall be properly marked, labeled and/or color coded for correct
identification. Color coding where applicable shall be in accordance with
SES-H-001.01. The space behind the wall mounted portable fire
extinguishers shall be painted with post office red color.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 5 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
3.0
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
SUBSTATION BUILDING
3.1
Location
All the substation buildings shall be located such that sufficient clearances as
recommended in NFPA 70 are maintained between the potential fire risks (oil-filled
transformers, oil-filled circuit breakers, neighboring plants) and substation building.
Any credible fire from any potential fire risks shall not involve or affect the
operation of equipment within the substation building.
3.2
Construction
3.2.1
General
The substation buildings (control buildings, switchgear buildings) shall be of
fire resistant construction equivalent to Type I-(443) construction as defined
by ANSI/NFPA 220.
Each room inside the substations such as control room, GIS room, switchgear
room, battery room, telecom room, etc., are to be considered as fire
compartments.
3.2.2
Vital Installations
Substation buildings in facilities designated as "vital installations" by the
High Commission on Industrial Security (HCIS) shall be constructed in
accordance with TES-S-101.11 (SSD/9), Building Housing Vital Equipment.
Vital is further defined by HCIS as “any piece of equipment vulnerable
to sabotage, in or connected with a vital installation, where destruction
or damage would result in unaccepatble interruption of the installations
services”.
3.3
Fire Resistance Ratings
3.3.1
Fire Rated Walls or Partitions
Fire rated walls or partitions (walls designed to divide an area or building
into fire zones separations/fire-compartments for the purpose of containing
the spread of smoke or fire within the building) shall have a minimum fire
resistance rating of 3 hours as established in accordance with the test
procedure of ANSI/NFPA 251.
3.3.2
Fire Doors
Fire door assemblies shall comply with the requirements of ANSI/NFPA 80
and UL 63. The fire resistance rating of fire doors shall be certified by fire
tests conducted by an accredited test agency acceptable to SEC such as the
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. and Factory Mutual Research Inc. The fire
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 6 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
resistance of fire doors shall be classified in accordance with ANSI/NFPA 80
and shall have the same fire resistance rating (3 hours) to that of the building
walls. Fire exit doors shall be provided with heavy duty door closers of
approved type.
3.3.3
Security and Emergency Exit Doors in Vital Installations
Security doors and emergency exit doors in substation buildings designated
as buildings housing "vital or sensitive equipment" shall comply with the
requirements of TES-S-101.09 (SSD/7) and shall have the same fire
resistance rating (3 hours) to that of the building walls.
3.3.4
3.4
Fire Stops and Seals
a.
All penetrations through fire rated walls or partitions, floors, ceilings
and exterior walls by piping services, electrical cables, cable ducts,
conduits and similar installations shall be sealed by approved
materials or fire stops with a fire resistance rating equal to or greater
than that of the floor, wall or ceiling.
b.
All penetrations and conduits shall be sealed by approved material to
prevent the transfer of smoke, flammable gases or vapors from one
area to another.
c.
Fire stops used for cable penetrations through fire rated floors, walls
or partitions shall meet the requirements of ASTM E814 or UL 1479.
Equipment Layout
The physical arrangement of equipment housed within a substation building shall be
in accordance with the guidelines of TES-P-119.19, with emphasis on equipment
clearances, working space, maintenance space and ventilation. The guidelines on the
installation of substation equipment established in Part 1 of the National Electrical
Safety Code, ANSI C2, and in Part III of the Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC) shall
be observed where applicable.
3.5
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) System
3.5.1
Duct System
The HVAC duct system shall comply with the applicable requirements of
NFPA 90A, SMACNA (Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractor’s
National Association), related specifications and drawings. The HVAC
ducts, air terminal devices, accessories and supports shall be constructed of
non-combustible or fire resistant materials.
Duct insulation and insulation adhesives shall have a flame spread rating of
not greater than 25 and a smoke developed rating of not greater than 50 when
tested in accordance with NFPA 255.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 7 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
3.5.2 HVAC Equipment Shutdown
The HVAC control system shall be designed to shutdown the air conditioning
equipment and close all motorized fire/smoke dampers in case of fire, in
conjunction with the operation of the fire detection and alarm system per
TES-B-106.01 and TES-K-100. Upon restoration of panel to normal
condition, the associated auxiliary systems of the HVAC equipment shall be
automatically operated again.
Approved photoelectric type duct smoke detectors with built in sampling
tubes shall be installed in both the main supply and return ducts of the air
handling unit to initiate signals for the automatic shutdown of the air
conditioning unit and closure of smoke/fire dampers in case of fire. The
operation of the duct smoke detectors shall be supervised by the fire
protective signaling panel. For non-ducted return air system (plenum type)
the return air duct detector will be omitted provided adequate number of
ceiling-mounted smoke and heat detectors are installed in the HVAC
equipment room.
3.5.3
TESP11921R0/MSC
Fire Dampers
a.
All HVAC ducts penetrating fire rated walls, floors or partitions shall
be provided with UL listed/labeled fire dampers in accordance with
ANSI/NFPA 90A.
b.
For protection of openings in walls, partitions or floors with fire
resistance ratings of less than 3 hours, fire dampers shall have 1-1/2
hours fire protection rating.
c.
For protection of openings in walls, partitions or floors with fire
resistance ratings of 3 hours or more, fire dampers shall have a
minimum 3 hours fire protection rating.
d.
In substations, motorized combination fire and smoke dampers shall
be installed in the main supply and return duct penetrations including
the return air grille openings on all adjacent fire rated walls of the
HVAC mechanical room. Combination fire and smoke dampers shall
comply with UL555 and UL555S.
e.
All other duct penetrations and openings for louvers and grilles in fire
rated walls and partitions shall be provided with fusible link operated
fire dampers with fusible link rating of 71˚C. Fire damper shall
comply with UL 555.
f.
The duct penetrations shall be sealed on both sides of the wall with 10
gauge galvanized steel sheet metal enclosure.
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 8 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
3.5.4
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Removal of smoke after fire
The exhaust air shall be moved directly outside, without re-circulating to
other sections in the building by controlled ventilation. Natural or mechanical
ventilation for the removal of products of combustion should be provided in
control rooms, switchgear rooms, GIS rooms, battery rooms, basement of
switchgear rooms & GIS rooms, etc.
Panels or sky windows or any other approved methods in exterior walls / roof
of the room under protection, which can be opened remotely from approved
locations may be used. Such windows and panels and their control shall be
clearly identified.
Smoke purging fan shall be provided to forcibly remove smoke / Clean Agent
gas out of substation building, with selector switch installed at a readily
accessible location outside the protected area. Label /instruction that read as
follows shall be provided:
OFF Position ON Position -
3.6
Normal Setting
To be set only by concerned personnel after a
fire incident or when extinguishing period is
reached.
Emergency Exits
The substation building emergency exits shall be designed in accordance with NFPA
101. In areas classified as high hazard such as cable basement, at least two (2) exits
(exit stairs) shall be provided.
Doors for emergency exits shall comply with the requirements of clause 3.3.2 or
clause 3.3.3 as applicable.
3.7
Fire Exit Hardware
Any door as a means of egress including door in the battery room shall be fitted with
UL listed/labeled fire exit hardware as per the requirements of NFPA 80 and NFPA
101.
3.8
Fire Detection and Alarm System
3.8.1
General
All substation buildings in both attended and unattended substations shall be
protected with a complete installation of fire alarm system. The fire detection
and alarm system shall be designed in accordance with TES-B-106.01, and
NFPA 72. The system shall be complete with fire protective signaling panel,
automatic fire detectors, manual fire alarm stations, visual and audible alarm
indicating devices, associated circuits, data printer, warning signs and
ancillary equipment. All materials and equipment of the fire detection and
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 9 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
alarm system shall be listed or approved by an accredited testing organization
acceptable to SEC.
The detector shall operate from a DC battery system, with specified voltage,
continuously charged from the mains, which shall be capable of emergency
operation for 48 Hours.
The automatic detectors shall be of plug-in type with separate base and
sensing unit. LED type lamp shall be provided in the base which will operate
when the detector has been activated. The lamp shall remain on until the
system has been completely reset.
LED provided for ceiling void this shall be installed in the suspended ceiling
and for floor void detectors it shall be installed on the wall near the detector
at the height of 2m. In addition mimic panel shall be provided on the wall
near the fire protective signaling panel with each detector’s location clearly
identified.
Care should be taken to protect the detectors from close proximity of air flow
from ducts. Detector shall be installed not less than one meter from air
diffuser as per NFPA72.
The type of detectors used for the fire protection system shall be per
TES-B-106.01, Adequate number of detectors shall be provided in each
room, floor and ceiling voids.
Heat Detectors for transformer protection shall be fixed temperature type.
Rating shall be 90˚ C and to be installed not more than 30cm above protected
equipment.
For other areas, fixed temperature heat detectors shall be entirely electronic in
operation and have a thermistor as ambient temperature sensor to be fully
resettable. Detector temperature rating shall be approximately 57ºC.
When Combination of Fixed-Temperature and Rate of Rise Heat Detectors
are used the fixed temperature element shall be independent of the rate of rise
element. The rating for the fixed temperature element shall be 57ºC.
All elements shall be resettable and entirely solid state. Adequate special
detectors as required for air-conditioning system shall be provided
accordingly.
3.8.2 Fire Protective Signaling Panel
Fire protective signaling panel shall conform to 90-TMSS-01. The panel shall
be provided with a mimic display. Layout drawing and riser diagram showing
the loops and zones and summary of the operating instructions shall be
posted besides the fire protective signaling panel in a frame protected with
clear glass.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 10 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
The panel shall be manufactured from rust proof sheet metal finished stove
enamel designed to prevent ingress of moisture or dust within the enclosure
(IP 54 as per IEC 60529 ). It shall be surface mounted in the control room.
The panel shall be arranged to indicate the zones where the alarm is actuated
and shall be of illuminated type, incorporating all necessary buzzers,
signaling relays, etc. Each room of the building is to be indicated separately
as individual zone with spare zones provided. Combination of two or more
locations in one zone is not allowed.
The panel shall be of modular construction using solid state electronics and
fitted out for as many zones as required for the substation. Each zone shall be
provided with signal zone module. All standard facilities shall be available in
the panel and include but is not limited to the following:
•
•
•
•
•
FIRE
FAULT
SYSTEM FAULT
SUPPLY FAULT
SYSTEM FAULT
:
:
:
:
:
Indication for Each Zone
Indication for Each Zone
Short Circuit
Open Circuit
Ground fault
Appropriate control switch to facilitate operation shall be provided for
isolation switch, Alarm Test, Reset, Lamp Test, Alarm Silence, etc.
All zone designations shall be marked on the control panel in Arabic &
English. The location and extent of each zone shall be clearly shown on a
plan or mimic diagram placed close to the panel & enclosed in a glass or
unbreakable transparent plastic fronted frame. A simple Operating instruction
of the fire alarm panel, both in Arabic & English, shall also be provided
placed close to the panel as above. All fire protection equipment are to be
shown on the plan. Provide wiring diagram inside the panel.
3.8.3
TESP11921R0/MSC
Remote Signaling System
a.
The fire protective signaling panel shall have the provision for remote
signaling of fire alarm/fault signal through an interface connection
with SCADA RTU/IFC provided in the substation.
b.
The fire alarm system shall also be provided with a tele-alarm device
(automatic telephone call transmitter) that will facilitate the automatic
transmission of fire alarm signals through the installed substation
telephone line. The tele-alarm device (automatic telephone call
transmitter) shall be designed/manufactured for heavy industrial
applications, provided with a digital voice and data messaging
system, and will provide for automatic repeating of alarm up to five
locations through an internally incorporated automatic telephone
number dialer. Additional details shall be coordinated with SEC.
c.
Any fault in the system shall be shown on the panel by means of an
amber light.
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 11 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
3.8.4
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Data Printer
220/127 V AC data printer shall automatically print all incoming alarm and
trouble status and faults received by the fire protective signaling panel with
date and time of receipt. The printer shall be capable to print 264cps, 80
columns. A steel enclosure with lockable, clear glass-front per Figure 21-1
shall house the printer and paper. The printer and paper shall be placed on a
withdrawable shelf inside the enclosure for easy access.
3.8.5
Extent of Detection
a.
The fire alarm system shall provide for an extensive detection of fire
and smoke in the substation building and shall cover the following
applicable areas which shall be assigned with dedicated fire zones.
i.
Switchgear Room/GIS Building (69kV to 380kV voltage
ratings)
ii.
Switchgear Room (34.5kV to 600V and below)
iii.
SCADA, Relay and Control Room
iv.
Communication Room
v.
Cable Basement
vi.
Battery Room
vii.
HVAC Equipment (Mechanical) Room
viii. HVAC Main Supply and Return Ducts
ix.
AC/DC Distribution Room
x.
Workshop
xi.
Offices
xii.
False Ceilings
xiii. False Floors
xiv. Cable Trenches
xv.
Corridors and Staircases
xvi. Any exceptions to the above requirements shall qualify for
exception in accordance with NFPA 72.
xvii. Oil Filled Transformer Area
xviii. Fire Pump Room
xix. Auxiliary Transformer / RMU Area
xx.
Cylinder Room for Gas Extinguishing System.
TESP11921R0/MSC
b.
The fire and smoke in the areas described in clause 3.8.5.a shall be
detected by a combination of detectors as explained in clause 10. Fire
alarm system equipment located in the battery room shall be
explosion proof and suitable for classified (hazardous) locations. Duct
detectors shall be wired in a separate zone.
c.
Smoke detectors installed at the switchgear room (69kV to 380kV)
shall be located such as to allow safe maintenance while the
switchgear is energized.
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 12 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TESP11921R0/MSC
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
d.
Automatic fire detectors shall be addressable type and suitable for
wiring in class A circuit. It shall be diagnostic type and compatible
with the microprocessor based control and indicating equipment and
shall comply with the requirements of TES-B-106.01. Automatic fire
detectors shall be self-protected against electro-magnetic interference
for protection against false alarm. Each detector can be isolated from
the system for maintenance purposes without affecting the entire
zone.
e.
Manual alarm call points shall be provided at several convenient
points located in the natural path of exit, so that alarm can be given by
operating personnel independently of the automatic system. The
travel distance for manual call point shall not be more than 30m.
These shall be Pull Station type and the word ‘ FIRE ALARM’ in
Arabic & English engraved. The color of these alarm points shall be
Red. Manual call point for a particular zone shall be connected on the
same circuit as the detector being provided for the zone. Mounting
height shall be 1.4m. from finish floor level.
f.
Manual fire alarm stations shall also be installed at all basement
stairs, exit doors The manual stations shall be addressable/diagnostic
type. The same shall be weather-proof, when installed outdoors.
g.
Outdoor type, weatherproof alarm horns with rotating beacon or
flashing indicators shall be installed at the main entrance/sides of the
building at a height of 4000mm from finished grade level. Indoor
audible alarm devices shall be dome type alarm bells, minimum
150mm diameter gong, with strobe light finished in red stove
enameling, installed at a height of 2500mm from the finished floor
level or 300mm below false ceiling and shall be capable of producing
continuous ringing as required. At least one alarm bell shall be
provided per fire compartment. Bells shall be distributed and
connected in at least 2 alarm circuits. The sounders at any point in the
building should produce a minimum sound level of 65dB.
h.
Flashing indicators activated simultaneously with the alarm bell, shall
be provided for concealed fire detectors or normally closed areas such
as battery room, HVAC room, communication room, basement
entries and as required per TES-B-106.01.
i.
One flasher having diameter not less than 100 mm shall be installed
on a 1.5 meter pole above the highest portion of the building of the
substation and facing in front of main road. It shall have red flash
light visible enough to be noticed even during day time for
identification by the Civil Defence Force. The height of the flasher
shall be less than that of lightning arrestor. The flasher shall get
actuated from fire protective signaling panel on the actuation of fire
detection.
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 13 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
j.
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
All wiring for fire protective signaling systems shall comply with
Article 760 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70 and
ANSI/IEEE C2.
Acceptable wire systems are:
k.
3.9
i.
Mineral insulated copper-sheathed cables (MICC) conforming
to BS 6207:Part 1, 2.5 mm² cross sectional area.
ii.
PVC-insulated copper conductors per 11-TMSS-10, 2.5mm²
cross sectional area in rigid steel conduits, painted red when
exposed, and in PVC conduit when embedded in wall/ceiling.
EMT shall not be used.
Note
Conductor size 1.5mm² may be used provided it supplies loads
that do not exceed its ampacity.
All wiring for fire protective signaling systems running outside the
building shall be installed in SEC approved direct-buried conduit.
Fire Suppression Systems
3.9.1
General
If specified in scope of work / technical specifications, switchgear and
control buildings in substations classified, as "Vital" facilities shall be
protected with fixed fire extinguishing, suppression systems for both attended
and unattended substations.
The type of fire suppression system and the extent of the protection to be
provided shall depend on the following considerations:
o
o
o
o
o
o
Value of the Protected Equipment
Safety to Operating Personnel
Nature of Fire Hazard
Compliance with HCIS, local and national safety codes and
regulations
Criticality of one station for system operation
Location of the nearest fire station
For substations not categorized as "Vital", the requirements for fixed
automatic fire extinguishing system, for areas of high cable concentration
such as cable basement and for rooms or areas containing high value
equipment, shall be determined and specified in the project scope of work
based on feasibility study. Halon 1301 or Halon 1211 extinguishing systems
are not acceptable.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 14 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
3.9.2
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishing System
Carbon dioxide is a noncombustible gas which can penetrate and spread to all
parts of a fire, displacing the oxygen. It does not conduct electricity and can
be used on energized electrical equipment. Electrical equipment rooms that
are not very large and that have few openings can be protected by portable
CO2 fire extinguishers. When used, however, caution shall be taken not to
allow carbon dioxide to spread through openings or ventilation ducts into
areas normally occupied by personnel. Carbon dioxide in high concentration
may cause unconsciousness and death.
Consideration shall also be given to the potentially detrimental effects of
carbon dioxide on electronic and highly delicate electrical equipment.
Portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall be installed to protect
switchgears and rooms or areas containing oil-filled equipment.
Carbon dioxide total flooding system, where applicable, shall be in
compliance with SES-B-003.
Where practicable, local applications of CO2 fixed system shall be installed
in lieu of a total flooding system. Refer to SES-B-003 for guidelines. Carbon
dioxide local application systems shall comply with the applicable
requirements of Chapter 3 of NFPA 12.
The system shall include carbon dioxide storage bottles/tank, fully charged,
cylinder valve, refrigeration unit if required, discharge heads, mounting
brackets, automatic and manual carbon dioxide release controls, high
pressure manifolds, piping and nozzles, audible an visual alarms and safety
monitors.
Provision shall be made on the site for the storage of spare set of Carbon
Dioxide cylinders totalling 20% of the complete site installation requirement
or al least sufficient for the largest single hazard or group hazards that are to
be protected simultaneously with carbon dioxide system, whichever is
greater. The spare cylinders shall form a part of the initial supply.
The system shall employ continuous protection. The amount of carbon
dioxide required for main supply shall be at least sufficient for the largest
room to be protected. The quantity of the reserve supply shall be equal to the
main supply. Both primary and reserve supply shall be permanently
connected to the piping and arranged for easy changeover.
The initial discharge shall be followed by an extended discharge at reduced
flow.
There shall be time delay between initiation of alarm signal and discharge to
permit evacuation of personnel. Dry runs shall be made to determine the
minimum time needed for persons to evaluate the hazard area.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 15 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
A means of testing the shutters shall be provided.
If the carbon dioxide is stored in reachargeable cylinders under pressure, the
cylinders shall have a capacity of 45 kg each and shall be suitable for a
working pressure of 136 bars. The cylinders shall be safely rated for a
maximum ambient temperature of 60˚C within the carbon dioxide rooms.
Each cylinder shall have a safety rupture disc designed to burst at a pressure
of 150bars.
A check valve shall be incorporated between each cylinder and common
manifold to allow the removal of one or more cylinder from the group
without rendering the system inoperative.
The manifold shall have a rupture disc rated for 152 bars. The pipe lines
intended for carbon dioxide system shall be galvanized, and it shall be
hydraulic tested to a pressure 50% higher than working pressure of the
system.
Weighing devices shall be arranged in the carbon dioxide room, to allow the
vertical weignment of the cylinders.
A trolley or trailer shall be supplied for moving carbon dioxide cylinders at
site.
3.9.3
Clean Agent Extinguishing System
Extinguishing by Clean Agent per NFPA 2001 shall be used wherever
applicable with prior approval from SEC.
The following aspects shall be considered when the Clean Agent system is
used.
Clean Agent design shall be based on 7.5% at 20˚C. No correction factor
shall be applied. The Clean Agent shall be achieved in the vicinity of all
equipment or area to be protected within one minute after the end of the
initial discharge and the concentration shall be maintained with no
appreciable dilution for at least 10 minutes. In addition to the concentration
requirement, additional quantity of agent shall be provided to compensate for
openings that could not be closed, forced ventilation or other specified
conditions, which would affect the extinguishing efficiency. The total
quantity of Clean Agent shall be calculated from the risk dimension including
floor voids and ceiling voids.
Clean Agent valves shall be of differential pressure design and not require an
explosive / consumable device to operate them.
Solenoid valve shall be of re settable type. Disposable type is not acceptable.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Manual operation of the system shall be possible through the extinguishing
control panel.
Motorized fire dampers operating on the first alarm shall be provided to seal
off room openings, i.e. air return ducts or exhaust, if any in conjunction with
the operation of the detection system.
Clean Agent system shall be provided with 100% reserve cylinder and
accessories.
Functional test using N2 shall be carried out for Clean Agent cylinders and
accessories.
All mimic drawing showing the layout of the system and operation
instructions are to be fixed beside the extinguishing system control panel in
the room under protection. Cross zoning method of installing detectors shall
be applied. Floor void detectors shall be provided with sign on the floor tiles.
Clean Agent protected areas shall be provided with the following.
•
Lock-off panel (auto-manual switch, 3-way status indicators,
and manually operated dual action type release station) shall be
provided on main entrance to protected area.
•
Bulb type status indicator (auto-manual discharge) with 4cm x
4cm lens located above the main door in the protected area.
Each 11kV/13.8kV/33kV/34.5kV switchgear basement shall be designed
with separate Clean Agent system.
Only one extinguishing control panel with multiple extinguishing modules
shall be provided. Each module shall have a volt free fire and fault contacts
and to be used for one protected area.
A separate Clean Agent cylinder room shall be constructed, with safe access
to facilitate for a possible manual and mechanical actuation of the system.
The room shall be air-conditioned supplied from substation central air
conditioning system.
Clean Agent protected areas shall be fully compartmentalized. Motorized
duct dampers working simultaneously with the first alarm of fire detection
system shall be installed. Automatic door closure shall be provided.
Schedule 40 ERW to ASTM A53 Galvanized Pipes and Galvanized threaded
fittings shall be provided. Grooved coupling for pipes 100mm diameter and
above shall be utilized
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 17 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
For floor void mounted detectors, a mimic panel shall be provided on the
wall near the fire protective signaling panel with each detector’s location
clearly identified.
All equipment and fire extinguisher shall be UL listed / FM approved except
the following. Gas extinguishing control panel, lock off panel and fire
extinguisher having approval other than UL listed / FM approved shall be
used only with SEC approval.
o Extinguishant and lock-off panel – equivalent listing required.
o Pipes and fittings – conformity with international standards.
o Fire extinguisher – locally manufactured and SASO approved.
Equipment summary showing make/brand, listing/approval, quantity, mode,
number of equipment, etc., shall be provided. Basic diagram/layout of
proposed system shall also be provided.
After installation, all system pipe work shall be blown free from swarf and
debris using compressed air, nitrogen or carbon-dioxide before the system is
commissioned, to verify that flow is continuous, and the piping and nozzles
are unobstructed. All the tests shall be carried out in the presence of SEC
Representatives. All Clean Agent piping shall be tested pneumatically as per
NFPA. After the test, all Clean Agent cylinders shall be filled.
Note:
If the actual discharge of Clean Agent is not recommended by
NFPA, an alternative NFPA approved method to check the integrity
of installation shall be conducted.
3.9.4. Gas System Status Unit
For rooms provided with automatically operated gas extinguishing system,
gas system status unit as mentioned below shall be provided:
a.
Gas System Status Unit/Lock off panel (Outdoor)
This unit shall be provided on main entrance and shall include the
following:
i.
Auto-manual selector switch
Provide auto/manual selector switch to select the gas
extinguishing system in auto or manual mode of operation.
Operation of this unit in manual mode shall send signal to local
annunciator panel as Clean Agent/gas in manual mode’ and to
Power Control Centre / SCADA as ‘Fire system Faulty’.
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Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 18 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Instruction label shall be provided beside the unit as given
below:
Prior to operation of this unit please inform Power Control
Centre. Operation of this unit will send a signal of “Clean
Agent/gas system in manual mode/Fire system faulty” to
substation annunciator panel. Before leaving substation, ensure
that this unit is in “Auto” mode and reset annunciator panel in
Control/Relay room.
ii.
System Status Indicator
Provide bulb type system status indicator with each size of lens
approximately 4 x 4 cm. This system status indicator shall
indicate the system as:
•
•
•
iii.
Auto Mode
Manual Mode
Gas released
Gas Release Unit (Electrical)
Provide electrically operated dual action pull station type gas
release unit. Operation of this unit shall bypass the system’s
auto mode and initiate the release of gas. Prior to gas release,
all Air handling Units (AHU) shall trip.
b.
Gas System Status Unit (Indoor)
This unit shall include system status indicators with same features as
mentioned above. This unit shall be installed in a suitable location,
preferably preferably above door, inside the protected area. Size of
lens shall be minimum 4 x 4 cm.
3.9.5
Portable Fire Extinguishers
Approved portable fire extinguishers conforming to 90-TMSS-03 and
NFPA10 shall be adequately provided in the substation building, but not be
limited to the following areas. The number of units shall be governed by
individual conditions. In general, suitable type and numbers of extinguishers
shall be provided at a distance not greater than 20 meters from any likely
hazard.
TESP11921R0/MSC
a.
Battery Room
b.
HVAC Room and Mechanical Room (i.e. pump room, if available)
c.
Workshops and Offices
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
d.
Switchgear Rooms
e.
Communication Room
f.
Control and Relay Room
g.
Cable basement
h.
Security Gate House (if available)
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
In attended and unattended substations, portable fire extinguishers shall be
provided in all areas protected with fixed fire suppression systems.
By utilizing the “abort switch”, the discharge of the extinguishing agent from
a fixed system can be stopped if the fire source is located rapidly and is
extinguished by means of portable fire extinguishers.
Class A fire extinguishers shall be provided for office areas.
Portable fire extinguishers intended for use involving electrical equipment, or
Class C fires, shall employ nonconductive, clean-type extinguishing agent.
The selection and distribution of portable fire extinguishers shall comply with
NFPA 10.
Class B fire extinguishers shall be provided in all other areas not served by A
or C type extinguishers.
Unit sizes shall be appropriate to the area and type of hazard under
consideration. The tenderer shall include list showing areas, sizes, types and
numbers.
The fire extinguishers shall be located near entrance and exit doors and along
the normal path of travel. They shall be visible and readily accessible. Fire
extinguishers shall be mounted on the wall with its top not more than 1070
mm above the finished floor.
At least two (2) wheeled type minimum 50 kgs Class ABC fire extinguisher
shall be provided in the substation yard, where oil-filled equipment are
present and the extinguisher shall be protected by a shed. Flooring under the
shed shall be of concrete; and the three sides of the shed shall be provided
with walls made of G.I. sheets.
For protection against cable fires, stored pressure or external cartridge
operated multi-purpose dry chemical (Class ABC) fire extinguishers shall be
provided.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 20 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
4.0
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
OIL- FILLED EQUIPMENT
4.1
General
The presence of oil-filled electrical equipment in a substation such as transformers,
reactors and switchgear equipment require special considerations for their location,
spacing and fire protection.
4.2
Fire Hazard of Oil-Filled Equipment
Due to the high temperatures, that can be produced by an electrical fault, or by an
external fire that may engulf oil-filled equipment, the insulating oil may cause a fire
hazard when provided in electrical equipment. Hence, every possible means shall be
taken to install oil-filled equipment outdoors, away from other equipment and
substation building.
4.3
Transformers
Transformers generally contain the largest quantity of combustible substance located
in a substation. Therefore, special attention shall be given to their location, relaying
and fire protection. Installation of oil-filled transformer inside the substation building
is not permitted.
4.4
Outdoor Installation of Oil-Filled Transformers
The following safeguards shall be applied to the outdoor installation of oil-filled
transformers. One or more of these safeguards shall be applied according to the
degree of hazard involved.
4.4.1
Oil Containment
The spilled oil from a ruptured transformer tank shall be collected and
confined to prevent the spread of fire to other areas or equipment.
Various types of holding pit designs are presently in use by the Utilities. The
area below and surrounding the oil filled-equipment is used as a collecting
pit. Pits shall be designed so that the collected oil and water will not weaken
the equipment foundations. The most common designs include those listed
below:
a.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Oil Retention Pit or Oil Catch Basin: The foundation of the oil filled
equipment is designed in the form of an open rectangular box with the
oil filled equipment placed on concrete pier. The rectangular concrete
box below the oil filled equipment is designed to hold 100% of the
equipment oil, with the top surface of the oil at least 500mm below
the top of the retention pit foundation box. The space around the
rectangular foundation box shall be used as a part of retention pit oil
catch basin by providing interconnection piping to keep the depth to a
minimum.
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
A metallic grating with wire mesh and gravel over it shall be installed
at 200mm below from the top of the foundation. Alternatively, any
other improved civil work shall be employed with the approval of
SEC concerned department. A sump with checkered steel cover and
suction pipe is constructed within the retention pit/catch basin. Pipes
from the retention pit/catch basin towards the sump shall be provided.
A permanent sump pump shall be installed to remove collected rain
water. The pump shall be manually operated in attended and
unattended substations.
For transformer rated above 100 MVA, if the rectangular concrete
box below the oil filled equipment is not designed for 100% of the
equipment oil, the pit shall be connected to the holding tanks of
sufficient capacity, through inter-connected pipes, where free flow of
oil/water is possible from the pit to the holding tank.
b.
Holding Tanks: Water and oil may be piped from a pit to a holding
tank or pond where the oil is separated naturally by gravitational
force. The oil is then removed with a skimmer.
All materials used in the construction of pits, drainage pipes and
holding tanks shall be non-combustible materials that are capable of
withstanding the thermal shock of the oil fire followed by the cooling
effect of the water. They shall have adequate mechanical strength to
withstand any traffic or equipment handling loads to which they may
be subjected. The retention pit/catch basin, holding tanks and piping
shall be sized to handle the maximum amount of oil available and the
quantity of water that may be used in fire suppression system.
4.4.2
Barriers
When the design and size of the containment facilities utilized are
inadequate, it may be necessary to install some form of barrier to protect
other substation equipment or neighboring properties. These barriers shall be
totally constructed of non-combustible materials, such as concrete blocks,
bricks, steel sheets and reinforced concrete, and designed to withstand the
thermal shock of the largest credible fire to which they may be subjected.
4.4.3
Separation
The separation of oil-filled transformers from other equipment and buildings
shall be in accordance with the following guidelines:
TESP11921R0/MSC
a.
Separation of Large Transformers from Buildings: Transformers
containing 1890 liters or more of insulating oil shall be at a minimum
distance of 3m from any building, in addition to the fire rated coating
given to the wall as per clause 3.3.1.
b.
Separation Between Large Transformers: Large oil-filled transformers
of rating 5MVA and above, shall be separated by a concrete fire wall,
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
having a minimum 4hour fire resistance rating. The transformer shall
be separated from the wall with at least 3m of clear space. In special
cases where 3m clearance is not possible due to space constraint, the
clearance shall be as defined in tender document.
c.
Fire Walls: The height of a fire wall shall not be less than 0.3m above
the height of the transformer tank and its oil conservator (if
applicable), transformer bushings, pressure-relief vents.
The fire wall shall extend at least 0.6m horizontally beyond the line of
sight between all points on adjacent transformers. The height of the
fire wall shall not be less than that required to break the line-of-sight
from any point on the top of the transformer tank and its oil
conservator (if applicable) to any adjacent transformer bushing and
surge arrester mounted on the transformer.
4.4.4
Mechanical Protection of Outdoor Transformers
The protection of outdoor transformers in substations classified as "vital
facilities" when installed in exposed location shall comply with
TES-S-101.12 (SSD/10).
4.4.5
4.5
Transformer Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
a.
The fire detection and alarm system for the outdoor power
transformers shall consist of cross-zoned “rate anticipation heat
detectors” and shall be rated 30°C higher than the highest recorded
ambient tempereture in the area, listed for outdoor application.
b.
The installation of all components of fire detection and alarm system
shall be in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 72 and
TES-B-001.
Oil-Filled Capacitors
Power capacitors containing an appreciable amount of flammable liquid shall be
installed outdoors with fence enclosure or on elevated structure of at least 2.4m high
above adjoining ground level for personnel safety to prevent accidental contact with
exposed energized parts, terminals, or buses associated with them. They shall be
located minimum 3 meters away from any building, not of fire resistive construction.
In special cases where 3m clearance is not possible due to space constraint, the
clearance shall be as defined in tender document.
4.6
Oil-Filled Reactors
Reactors containing an appreciable amount of flammable liquid shall be located
outdoors with fence enclosure to protect the personnel from accidental contact with
energized parts. The installation of oil-filled reactors shall comply with Article 470
of NFPA 70.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 23 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
4.7
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Structures and Supports
Structures supporting disconnect switches shall be kept as low as possible when they
are placed near oil-filled equipment to avoid the extreme high temperatures caused
due to fire at the upper levels.
Any essential structure or support that may be subjected to an oil fire shall be
constructed of steel rather than aluminum.
4.8
Oil/SF6 Cable Termination (Sealing End)
In GIS substation facilities/buildings the Oil/SF6 cable termination (sealing end)
shall be located 3m away from any building, not of fire resistive construction. In
special cases where 3m clearance is not possible due to space constraint, the
clearance shall be as defined in tender documents.
5.0
CABLES
5.1
General
The selection and installation procedures of power and control cables in substations
shall comply with the guidelines outlined in TES-P-104, TCS-P-104, TES-P-119.20
and TES-P-119.29.
5.2
Fire Hazard of Cables
5.2.1
Low Pressure Oil Filled (LPOF) Cables
An LPOF cable fault resulting from insulation breakdown can rupture the
cable sheath thereby releasing the pressurized oil. A high fault arcing that
follows the insulation breakdown can ignite or burn the oil. Since the oil in
the LPOF cable system is maintained under pressure, burning oil can spread
over a large area creating intense fire and heavy damage to neighboring
substation equipment or facilities.
To safeguard against fire hazard, LPOF cables used to feed indoor GIS in
substations shall be installed and terminated outdoors including oil reservoirs
and associated devices. The oil/SF6 cable termination shall be of leak-proof
sealing end design.
5.2.2
PVC and XLPE Cables
When PVC or XLPE insulated cable is exposed to fire, the insulation may
burn and can generate smoke and corrosive fumes. Smoke can obliterate
escape routes and could impair the ability to fight the fire. When materials
such as PVC burns, chlorine is driven off which when combines with water
forms hydrochloric acid. This acid can attack the contact or relays, electronic
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 24 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
circuits and wiring terminations, and can prolong the substation restoration
time.
Where emission of corrosive fumes in any fire may damage
electrical/electronic equipment, or present a health risk, XLPE insulated
cable is preferable although it burns more readily than PVC. PVC is
inherently flame retardant but emits acid fumes when it burns.
5.3
Cable Installation Practices
5.3.1
General
The cables used in substations should not propagate a fire.
5.3.2
Underground conduit system is the preferred method of installation for
critical power and control cables. Critical power and control cables are cables
whose loss would render the emergency shutdown and the fire protection or
alarm systems inoperative.
Cable installations subject to vehicular load, such as road crossings, shall be
in concrete encased (either steel reinforced or any other suitable
reinforcement method) ducts or conduits.
The pull boxes shall be located and constructed in a manner as to prevent the
entry of flammable liquids that can possibly ignite the cables.
Consideration should be given to the installation of fire stops where the
cables enter and leave pull boxes, and where the cables leave the conduit
system.
5.3.3
Cable trenches shall be constructed in a manner as to prevent the entry of any
combustible liquid, such as insulating oil, that can possibly ignite the cables.
Trench covers shall be fire retardant.
Fire stops or fire breaks shall be installed when the trench enters into the
building and/or from one room to the other room or from one floor to the
other floor.
5.3.4
Cable Basements
Walkthrough cable basements are normally used where there is a large
number of cables. If the cables used are flame retardant, the separation
distances given in ANSI/IEEE 384 are acceptable. If the cables are not flame
retardant, or the proper separation cannot be achieved, a fire resistive barrier
or shield shall be used between the trays, or a fire retardant coating shall be
applied to the cables.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 25 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Proper ventilation shall be provided for the cable basement (exhaust and
supply) using automatically controlled exhaust fans in fire rated ducts with
provision for mechanical operation.
5.3.5
Cable Trays
When a cable tray passes through a firewall or vertically through building
floors, the cables shall be sealed with multiple cable transit (MCT) or
approved equivalent. Circuits in the cable spreading area should be limited
to control and instrumentation functions, and to those power supply circuits
and facilities serving the control room and instrument systems. Power supply
feeders to equipment and control room distribution panels shall be installed
in conduit or enclosed metallic raceways, or other suitable enclosure.
Cable penetration fire stops shall be installed where sleeves or tray
penetrations are used beneath control panels or other panels.
Special attention shall be given to the installation of fire stops on vertical
cable runs since they will propagate fire more readily than horizontal runs.
5.4
Cable Penetration Fire Stops, Fire Breaks and Coatings
5.4.1
Cable Penetration Fire Stops
Cable penetration fire stops shall be installed to prevent fire propagation
along a cable system through a fire-rated wall, floor, or floor-ceiling barrier
while maintaining the integrity of the fire barrier through which the cable
system penetrates.
5.4.2
Cable Fire Breaks
When the cables used do not meet the flame propagation requirements of
ANSI/IEEE 383, fire hazard can be minimized by utilizing fire breaks.
Cable fire break can be achieved by coating a 3m section of the cables with
approved fire retardant coatings, or equivalent fireproofing tapes.
Cable fire breaks shall be installed in cable trays or open raceways at
intervals not exceeding 6 meters.
6.0
MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDS
6.1
Batteries
The storage batteries installation shall be in accordance with TES-P-103.04.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 26 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
6.2
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Combustible Materials
The use of combustible materials shall be avoided in the selection of desks, filing
cabinets, storage boxes, display boards, building insulation, air conditioning duct
insulation and mounting boards.
6.3
Heating Equipment
Heating equipment such as space heaters, open type room heaters, etc., shall not be
used in the control buildings unless the design, installation and electrical supplies are
deemed suitable. Clearances for heat producing appliances shall be adequate to
minimize the risk of igniting adjacent combustible materials.
7.0
SAFETY AND FIRST AID EQUIPMENT
7.1
First Aid Equipment
All substation buildings shall be provided with first aid box located in the control
room. Posters outlining emergency treatment for electrical shock, cardio pulmonary
resuscitation and artificial respirations shall be provided. One folding type stretcher
shall also be provided in the control room.
7.2
Safety Equipment
7.2.1
Battery Room
Safety equipment and devices for personnel protection, safe handling and
proper maintenance of batteries shall be provided in the battery room per
TES-P-103.04 and TES-P-119.19.
7.2.2
Life Support Equipment
Life support equipment in the substation buildings shall be provided to
minimize hazards to personnel under abnormal operating conditions.
Self-contained breathing apparatus of 30 minutes capacity shall be provided
in the control room near the entrance/exit door and/or in rooms or areas
normally occupied by personnel. It is also required that self-contained
breathing apparatus be made available for the operator's use in rooms or areas
protected by fixed fire extinguishing system utilizing an agent that could
cause a breathing hazard.
The self-contained breathing apparatus shall be stored in a box mounted on
the wall. The storage box shall be marked with "SELF-CONTAINED
BREATHING APPARATUS" written both in English and Arabic languages.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 27 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
7.3
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Signs
Adequate fire/safety warnings in the form of signs, labels, decal placards or other
markings shall be installed in all locations where it requires visual alertness against
degree and nature of hazard(s) which can cause injury or death. Signs shall also be
provided for precautions or evasive actions to take and directions for eliminating the
hazard. All fire/safety warnings shall be per “Safety Signs and Warning Devices
Special Manual # 65-110” issued by Industrial Security Department and shall be
written in both Arabic and English.
8.0
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
When specified in project SOW/TS, general hydrant system for outside areas shall be
provided as mentioned below:
The water supply for general hydrant system shall be from reliable fire protection supplies.
Such system shall be as follows:
A- Pressure tank/fire pump shall be used for 132kV S/S and below.
B- Horizontal fire pump shall be used for 380kV substations.
Water supply shall be enough for the next operation to have an established fire protection
while waiting for replenishment. A reliable method of replenishing the supply shall be
provided. An underground concrete tank suitable for the system is desired, in accordance
with Civil Projects Division requirements.
The underground water tank shall be sized for a minimum occurrence of 10 minutes
discharge time. The bidders shall submit the suitability calculations for both systems
(Pressure Tank & Fire Pump) for the size of the underground water tank for satisfactory fire
protection of the areas under protection. SEC shall have the sole discretion to choose either
of the proposed systems.
When pressure tank is used, it shall be pressurized by two compressors each capable of
delivering not less than 20cft per minute (0.57m3/min) and shall be provided with pressure
relief valve. See NFPA22, Standard I for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection.
Compressors shall be provided with automatic and manual start/stop selector, safety valve
and capable of working alternately during operation.
8.1
Piping System
The piping system is connected to the water tank through an automatically actuated
valve which initiates a pump running to supply through a specific gravity valve the
flow of water. Pipe shall be galvanized type, Schedule 40, ASTM-A12 or equivalent
and exposed parts painted red.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 28 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
8.2
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Fire Pumps
Pumps shall be listed for fire protection use and chosen on the basis of water supply
available. The electrically driven fire pumps shall be connected to a reliable power
source.
a)
Centrifugal fire pumps
Horizontal pump with positive suction (electric and diesel split case) shall be
used to supply the pressure to drive the water from, the water tank through a
low level located specific gravity valve.
Each of the fire pumps and their respective drive shall be separate and
independent independent units. Each pump shall be capable of delivering not
less than 150% of its rated capacity at a discharge pressure of not less than
65% of the rated head at the rated capacity.
Each pump shall be capable of delivering the water demand on the largest
single fire risk and an additional of not less than 25Qgpm hose allowance.
Pump capacity shall be determined through hydraulic calculation on this
basis. The shut-off pressure of each pump shall not exceed 120% for split
case pump.
Horizontal fire pumps shall have positive suction head vertical turbine pumps
shall be used when positive suction head is not possible due to space
constraints. Negative suction for horizontal fire pumps is not allowable in any
case. Fittings and accessories shall be complete as recommended by NFPA
20.
b)
Jockey Pump
Pressure maintenance pump shall be electric motor drive and with rated
capacities not less than any normal leakage. The controller shall start the
jockey pump when the fire main pressure drops 10% and stop the pump when
the pressure exceed the normal pressure by 10%.
8.3
Controllers and Drivers
All controllers and pump drivers shall be listed. Controllers shall be marked "Fire
Pump Controller" and shall show plainly the name of the manufacturer, the
identifying designation and the complete power ratings. All electrical connections
shall be supervised.
There shall be individually controlled hydrant valves (7 bars minimum pressure)
fixed in suitable operational positions at ground level enabling all points of the
substation to be covered. The minimum number of hydrant valves to be provided
shall be four. The hydrants (150mm diameter) shall have 2 x 65mm.dia outlets and
one 100mm diameter pumper connection, model Kennedy K-81 or equivalent.
Further this hydrant shall be fitted with cast iron end caps with blind ends, the caps
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
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TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
being attached to the valves with an approved substantial chain. One female
instantaneous coupling shall be provided.
Near each hydrant, provide one Foam generator hose cabinet & Hydrant hose cabinet
with the following details and accessories (one each required).
8.4
8.5
Foam generator hose cabinet (yellow finished)
a.
Foam branch pipe
b.
Angle valve 65mm diameter
c.
Inline indicator
d.
Suction line
e.
Hose yellow in color, 65mm diameter & 30m. Long
f.
Fiber glass foam concentrate tank with 136liters. AFFF 3% concentrate
g.
Shut-off valve
Hydrant hose cabinet, finish in signal red and shall include following accessories,
one each.
a.
Adjustable type fire hose nozzle, 65 mm diameter
b.
Crow bar
c.
Fire Axe
d.
Adjustable Hydrant wrench
e.
Hose 2 x 65mm dia., 15m length with instantaneous coupling
Note: Hose in a/m cabinet shall be of best quality light synthetic fiber mildew and
bacterial attack, and shall offer protection against acids, alkalis & oils. Each
hose shall be supplied with light alloy instantaneous couplings in accordance
with the requirements of BS 336.
The hose cabinets shall be painted with two coats of red paint and marked ‘FIRE’ in white
block letters.
9.0
SYSTEM TESTS & ACCEPTANCE
Upon completion of work and prior to provisional and final acceptance of the installations of
any system, the system shall be subjected to all tests required by the appropriate NFPA
standards, in the presence of SEC Representative.
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 30 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
The actual heat test of at least one thermostat detector per protected area, aside from the
recommended test procedure by the manufacturer for transformer fire protection system,
shall be conducted.
10.0
TYPE OF DETECTING & ACTUATING MEANS FOR VARIOUS AREAS
The type of detecting and actuating means, for the various areas of the substations and the
required type of protection shall be in accordance with the table below:
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 31 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Table 1
FIRE DETECTION AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND FIRE PREVENTION
REQUIREMENTS FOR SEC SUBSTATIONS
AREA
TYPE OF DETECTING
AND ACTUATING MEANS
TYPE OF PROTECTION
SWITCHGEAR AREAS/GIS
BUILDINGS
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio. In 69kV
Air
Insulated
Switchgear
room, each cubicle, by one (1)
ionization smoke detector
Important areas, cable runs Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
or cable spaces in subDetection System
application of CO2 /Clean
stations classified as "vital
Agent Fire Extinguishing
facility"
System. Cable trances inside
substation shall have CO2
flooding
OFFICES
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
AC/DC ROOMS
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
AC/DC Room protection if Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
substation is classified as Detection System
Application CO2 or Clean
"vital facility"
Agent Fire Extinguishing
System
AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
Cross Zone Ionization and CO2 or Clean Agent Fire
ROOM including the interior Optical Smoke Detectors or Extinguishing System
of control panel, if substation Very Early Warning Smoke
is classified as “vital facility”
Detection System
CABLE BASEMENTS
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
Cable Basement protection
Total Flooding CO2 or Clean
Very Early Warning Smoke
if substation is classified as
Agent Fire Extinguishing
Detection System
"vital facility"
System
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 32 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Table 1 (Continued)
FIRE DETECTION AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND FIRE PREVENTION
REQUIREMENTS FOR SEC SUBSTATIONS
AREA
BATTERY ROOMS
TYPE OF DETECTING AND
ACTUATING MEANS
TYPE OF PROTECTION
Combination of Intrinsically
Safe and Explosion Proof
Flame and Heat Detector
Battery Room protection if Combination of Intrinsically
substation is classified as Safe and Explosion Proof
"vital facility"
Flame and Heat Detectors
Total Flooding CO2 or Clean
Agent Fire Extinguishing
System
COMMUNICATIONS ROOM Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
Communications Room
Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
protection including
Detection System
Application CO2 or Clean
interior of vital control
Agent Fire Extinguishing
panel if substation is
System
classified as "vital facility"
CONTROL ROOMS
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
Control Room protection
including interior of control
panels if substation
is classified as "vital
facility"
HVAC EQUIPMENT
(MECHANICAL) ROOMS
Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
Detection System or by Smoke Application CO2 or Clean
Detectors
Agent Fire Extinguishing
System
A Combination of Smoke and
Heat Detectors in 1:1 Ratio
HVAC Equipment Room A Combination of Smoke and Total Flooding or Local
if substation is classified as Heat Detectors in 1:1 Ratio
Application CO2 or Clean
"vital facility"
Agent Fire Extinguishing
System
Main Supply and Return
Approved Photo-optical Type
Air Ducts
Duct Smoke Detector
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 33 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
Table 1 (Continued)
FIRE DETECTION AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND FIRE PREVENTION
REQUIREMENTS FOR SEC SUBSTATIONS
AREA
TYPE OF DETECTING AND
ACTUATING MEANS
SECURITY GATE HOUSES
Ionization or Optical Type of
Smoke Detector
TOILETS
Ionization Type of
and/or Heat Detector
OUTDOOR
TRANSFORMERS
Heat Detector
WORKSHOPS (Where fixed
equipment is installed )
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
TYPE OF PROTECTION
Smoke
Refer Clause 4.4.3.a – Para. 2
Workshop protection if
substation is classified as
"vital facility"
Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
Detection System or smoke Application CO2
or Clean
detector
Agent
Fire
Extinguishing
System
SCADA AND RELAY
Fire Detection and Alarm
ROOMS
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
SCADA and Relay Room Very Early Warning Smoke Total Flooding or Local
protection if substation is Detection System
Application CO2 or Clean
Agent
Fire
Extinguishing
classified as "vital facility"
System
FALSE CEILING SPACES
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
FALSE FLOORS
TESP11921R0/MSC
Fire Detection and Alarm
System. A combination of
optical and ionization smoke
detectors in 1:1 ratio
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 34 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
11.0
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.
TES-S-101, Safety and Security
2.
TES-S-101.02, Security Fence
3.
TES-S-101.03, Category II Fence
4.
TES-S-101.09, Security and Emergency Exit Doors
5.
TES-S-101.11, Building Housing Vital Equipment
6
TES-S-101.12, Protection of Vital Equipment
7.
11-TMSS-10, Power and/or Control Cable, Cu or Al Conductor, 600/1000V Rating
8.
71-TMSS-5, Normal Weight Ready-Mixed Portland Cement Concrete
9.
TES-B-106.01, Fire Alarm Systems
10.
SES-B-003, CO2 Total Flooding systems
11.
TES-H-001.01, Paint Color Codes and Standards
12.
TES-K-100, Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning System
13.
TES-P-104, Underground Cable and Wire Standards
14.
TCS-P-104, Underground High Voltage Cable Installation Standards
15.
TES-P-103.04, Storage Battery Installation
16.
ANSI/IEEE C2, National Electrical Safety Code
17.
ANSI/IEEE 383, IEEE Standard for Type Test of Class 1E Electric Cables, Field
Splices, and connections for Nuclear Power Generating Stations
18.
ANSI/IEEE 384, IEEE Standard Criteria for Independence of Class 1E Equipment
and Circuits
19.
ANSI/IEEE 980, IEEE Guide for Containment and Control of Oil Spills in
Substations
20.
ANSI/IEEE 979, Guide for Substation Fire Protection
21.
ASTM E814, Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Through Penetration Fire Stop
22.
NFPA 10, Portable Fire Extinguishers
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 35 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
23.
NFPA 12, Standard or Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems
24.
NFPA 70, National Electrical Code
25.
NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code
26.
NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Fire Windows
27.
NFPA 90A, Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating
Systems
28.
NFPA 101, Code for Safety to Life from Fire in Buildings and Structures
29.
NFPA 220, Standard on Types of Building Construction
30.
NFPA 251, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction
and Materials
31.
NFPA 255, Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building
Materials
32.
NFPA 2001, Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems
33.
UL 63, Fire Door Frames
34.
BS 6207, Specification for Mineral-insulated Cables
35.
UMC, Uniform Mechanical Code
36.
UL 555, Standard for Safety Fire Dampers
37.
UL 555S, Standard for Safety Leakage Rated Dampers for use in Smoke Control
Systems
38.
UL 1479, UL Standard for Safety Fire Tests of Through Penetration Fire Stops
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 36 OF 37
TRANSMISSION ENGINEERING STANDARD
TES-P-119.21, Rev. 0
STEEL ENCLOSURE
OPENING FOR PAPER ENTRY
450 mm
450 mm
450 mm
1000 mm
450 mm
WITHDRAWABLE
SHELF FOR
PRINTER
WITHDRAWABLE SHELF FOR
HOLDING PRINTER PAPER
WITH PULLING HANDLE
LOCKABLE FRONT CLEAR GLASS
DOOR
NOTES
1.
2.
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
PRINTER POWER SUPPLY AND DATA CABLE SHALL ENTER FROM THE BACK SIDE OPENING.
THERE SHALL BE OPENING IN THE TOP SHELF FOR PAPER ENTRY.
Figure 21-1 : Steel Enclosure with Withdrawable Shelf for Fire Alarm Printer and Paper
DWG # TE-1921-0100-00
TESP11921R0/MSC
Date of Approval: June 24, 2008
PAGE NO. 37 OF 37