Lingayen and Binmaley Fisheries: A Comparative Study on their
Disaster Management
Joana Syl Genese
Pangasinan State University
Lingayen, Pangasinan
Joanasyl.20@gmail.com
Abstract: Disaster Management can be defined as the organization and management of
resources and responsibilities for dealing with particular preparedness, response and
recovery. The purpose of this study was to determine the Disaster Management in Fisheries
with the aim to (a) determine the management’s action in pre- disaster and post- disaster (b)
determine the outcome of the disaster management (c) to compare the disaster management
in Lingayen and Binmaley Fisheries. The research methodology used to gather data was
through structured questionnaire and a focus group interview. The sample of research
population comprised of 6 fishponds, 3 fishponds per Municipality: Binmaley and Lingayen.
Data collected was computed by means of excel spread sheet and results were presented in
the form of graphs with explanations. The study found that fishponds suffered most in floods
and least in fish kills. Other findings that emerged from the study showed that Fishpond
owners may need trainings in disaster management. Another finding of the study was that
fishpond owners tended to be the ones who were not that aware of disaster preparedness in
this study specifically in Lingayen. The contribution of this study to the body of knowledge is
to provide a baseline data of what is the current status of disaster preparedness in fisheries
sector. This study sheds light toward a possible guideline for fishpond owners in dealing with
Disaster Management. This study therefore raises a further research question of how
owners acquired knowledge of disaster preparedness even though they have not attended
disaster preparedness training.
Key Words – Disaster Management; Disaster Preparedness; Fisheries Sector; Fish
Kill; Flood
1. INTRODUCTION
Disaster is an event or a series of events
which gives rise to casualties and/or damage or loss
of property. Over the last few decades, natural
disasters have become more frequent and
increasingly
destructive.
The
particular
characteristics of the fisheries sector and the
livelihood context of small-scale fishers and fish
farmers and their communities need to be clearly
understood in order to be able to provide adequate
disaster response in an emergency situation and to
help these people to be better prepared for and
warned of potential future threats through
preventive disaster risk management [1].
Fisheries are very important industry in the
Philippines. Its importance is underscored by the fact
that as of 1995 the Philippine ranks twelfth among
the largest fish producer in the world. and ranks
fourth in terms of aquaculture production based on
figures from FAO Yearbook, 1995. In terms of
contribution to the national Gross Value Added
(GVA) in Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry in 1997,
fisheries contributed 18.5 percent, at constant prices,
as against livestock and poultry which contributed
only 12.1% and 10.3% respectively. Fisheries were
exceeded only by agricultural crops which
contributed 54.1% [2].
The country has almost 500,000 ha of inland
bodies of water, comprising 246,000 ha of swamp
lands, 200,000 ha of lakes, 31,000 ha of rivers, and
19,000 ha of reservoirs [3].
The purpose of this study was to determine
the disaster management done by the owners in
Fisheries sector. This study could be the basis for
assessing the actions before and after the disaster for
the people to be aware about the possible things to
do. This study can also be a possible guideline for
fishpond owners in dealing with Disaster
Management. This could be an eye opener for the
government to impose more warnings and signage on
what to do when encountering disaster.
2. METHODOLOGY
The type of research that will be used in this
study is Qualitative Research. Using the approaches
to quantitative research i/e. Case Study, the
assessment will be empirically done by listing the
preparations done by Fisheries’ owners in Lingayen
and
Binmaley,
Pangasinan
(a)
with
the
management’s action in pre-disaster and postdisaster (b) with the outcome of the Disaster
Management (c) with the comparison of the findings
of Disaster Management in Lingayen and Binmaley,
Pangasinan.
The respondents of this study will be the
fishpond owners regardless of their gender, age, and
social status. The locales of the study were at
Lingayen and Binmaley, Pangasinan. This is due to
the majority of fishponds in the said municipalities.
The research sampling method used in the study is
random sampling using Slovin’s formula, n=N÷
(1+Ne2) with the marginal error of 10. The
respondents’ total is 6, 3 fishpond owners per locale.
The questionnaire will be the major
instrument in doing this research. The questionnaire
that will be used in this study was designed to obtain
information about the preparations done by the
fishpond owners regarding disaster specifically flood
and fish kill. Structured questionnaire and focus
group discussion will be used to gather data. The
interview technique will also be used to complement
the gathering of date for the study.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Figure
mitigation
1.1
Carefully
consider
flood
Figure 1.1 Carefully consider
flood mitigation
3
2
1
0
Lingayen
Binmaley
Two out of three or 66.67% respondents in
Binmaley fisheries are carefully considering flood
mitigation and 1 respondent plans to consider flood
mitigation. In Lingayen fisheries, 2 respondents are
considering flood mitigation and I respondent was
unable to consider flood mitigation.
Figure 1.2 Protect business’ important files
3
2
1
0
Figure 1.2 Protect business'
important files
Lingayen
Binmaley
Three out of three respondents or 100%
respondents in Lingayen fisheries does not protect
business’ important files because because according
to the 3 respondents they do not have files connected
to the business, they only have personal files. Two
respondents were protecting their business’
important files and 1 respondent plans to protect
files in Binmaley fisheries.
Figure 1.3 Create emergency plans
Figure 1.3.2 Hire own pond
watcher/ guard
3
2
1
0
Lingayen
Binmaley
Figure 1.3 Create emergency plan
3
2
1
0
Lingayen
Have Plan to Unable
done
do
to do
Binmaley
In Binmaley and Lingayen fisheries, 6
out of 6 respondents answered positively in creating
emergency plan. Emergency plan includes (a) harvest
before the forecasted disaster (b) hire own pond
watcher/ guard (c) conducting workshops for disaster
management (d) take precautions such us
unplugging electric equipment.
Figure 1.3.1 Harvest before the forecasted
disaster
3
2
1
0
Figure 1.3.1 Harvest before the
forecasted disaster
Lingayen
Binmaley
In Binmaley fisheries. 1 out of 3
respondents or 33.33% disagreed in harvesting
beforehand because the respondent believes that the
fish can’t be sold if they are not in the right size and
as well as in Lingayen fisheries. One respondent
strongly agreed and another respondent agreed in
harvesting beforehand in Lingayen fisheries.
Figure 1.3.2 Hire own pond watcher/ guard
100% responded positively in hiring own
pond watcher/ guard in Lingayen fisheries, it is for
convenience according to the respondents. One out of
three respondents strongly agreed and 33.33%
agreed in hiring own pond watcher. One respondent
disagreed because of the reasons (a) it is only an
additional expenses (b) workers will become lazy.
Figure
1.3.4
Take
unplugging electric equipment
precautions
like
Figure 1.3.4 Take precautions like
unplugging electric equipment
3
2
1
0
Yes
No
Lingayen Binmaley
Three out of three respondents or 100%
answered positively in taking precautions such
unplugging electric equipment before the disaster for
safeties, according the respondents in Binmaley
fisheries. Three out of three respondents in Lingayen
fisheries answered no in taking precautions before
the disaster because of the reason; they do not have
electric current in their place.
Figure 1.4 Conducted a meeting with
employees in case of disaster
3
2
1
0
Figure 1.4 Conducted a meeting
with employees in case of disaster
Figure 1.6 Have a contact of
employees
Lingayen
No
0
1
Lingayen
3
Yes
0
Lingayen
Binmaley
In Binmaley fisheries, 2 out of 3
respondents were unable to conduct a meeting with
their employees because their employees are also
their relatives. One respondent in Binmaley fisheries
have already conducted a meeting with employees for
orientation, according to the respondent. 66.67% out
of 100% respondents answered unable to do in
conducting a meeting and 33.33% respondent plans
to do it in Lingayen fisheries.
Figure 1.7 Have intended budget for disaster
management
Figure 1.7 Have intended budget
for disaster management
Lingayen
0
Lingayen
No
0
1
Lingayen
3
Yes
0
2
3
Binmaley
0
3
Three out of three respondents in
Lingayen Fisheries do not follow local media because
they do not have electric current in their place In
Binmaley fisheries, 100% of the respondents follow
local media by (a) watching news (b) reading
newspapers.
Figure 1.6 Have a contact of employees
1
In Lingayen fisheries, 3 out 3
respondents and in Binmaley, 2 out of 3 do not have
contact of their employees because (a) they have no
cellular phones, (b) their employees are also their
relatives (c) they do not have workers, according to
one of the respondents.
Figure 1.5 Follow local media
Figure 1.5 Follow local media
2
3
Binmaley
2
1
2
3
No
Lingayen
2
Binmaley
2
Yes
1
1
According to the data gathered, 66.67%
of the respondents in Lingayen fisheries and 66.67%
of the respondents in Binmaley fisheries do not have
intended budget for disaster management. And 33.
33% in Binmaley and Lingayen fisheries do have
budget for disaster management. According to one of
the respondents, they buy new equipment like nets
for disaster preparation.
Figure 1.8 Implement business recovery
plan
Figure 1.10 Implement
business continuity plan
Lingayen
Disa…
Binmaley
3
2
1
0
Stro…
Lingayen
Agree
3
2
1
0
Stro…
Figure 1.8 Implement business
recovery plan
Binmaley
According to the survey, 33.33% in
Lingayen and Binmaley fisheries have done
implementing business recovery plan by (a) checking
possible things that need to be repaired. 33. 33% in
Lingayen fisheries plans to implement business
recovery plan. One out of 3 respondents answered
unable to do in implementing business recovery plan.
And 66.67% of the respondents in Binmaley fisheries
unable to implement business recovery plan.
According to the survey, 100% of the
respondents in Binmaley fisheries are implementing
business continuity plan. In Lingayen fisheries, 2 out
of 3 respondents are implementing business
continuity plan because they believe that (a) more
expenses will occur if they will not continue the
business (b) they will experience too much loss. One
respondent disagreed in implementing business
continuity plan.
Figure 1.9 Notify all employees and critical
customers
Figure 2.1 Outcome of Disaster
Management on Fisheries in Lingayen and
Binmaley, Pangasinan
Figure 1.9 Notify all
employees and critical
customers
3
2
1
0
Lingayen
Binmaley
According to the survey, 100% of the
respondents agreed in notifying all employees and
critical customers about the effects of disaster to the
supply of the product in Lingayen fisheries, 66. 67%
also agreed in notifying employees and critical
customer and 33. 33% disagreed.
Figure 1.10 Implement business continuity
plan
Figure 2.1 Effectivess of disaster
management in Binnaley and
Effecti
ve
33%
Not
Effecti
ve
67%
According to the respondents in Binmaley,
Pangasinan, 2 out of 3 respondents answered that
they are effective in Disaster Management because of
the following (a) they are preparing enough for the
Disaster (b) they are following government “what to
do” action (c) they follow local media for
announcements (d) they make sure that there
employees are Disaster literate (e) they are preparing
their ponds (i.e. putting the fishing gears in safe
place). One of the respondents in Binmaley,
Pangasinan rated their preparation as not effective;
according to the respondent the government do not
give enough warnings and do not support businesses
like fishponds in terms of Disaster Preparation. 100%
or 3 out of 3 respondents in Lingayen, Pangasinan
responded
not
effective
in
their
Disaster
Management because (a) lack of knowledge about
disasters (b) lack in knowledge about the actions that
needs to be done in Disaster preparation (c) always
late in receiving news regarding disasters (d) lack of
manpower, some ponds lack manpower because the
owner believes that it is only an additional expenses.
Figure
3.1
Comparison of
Disaster
Management in Binmaley and Lingayen fisheries
Figure 3.1 Comparison of Disaster
Management in Binmaley and Lingayen
Fisheries
Notify…
Follow…
Hire…
Careful…
P
e
4% 3%3%
3%
3%
r
3% 2%2%
2%
c
3%1%
3%
3%
2% 3%3%
0% 1%
e
2%
2%
2%
1% 2%
0%
0%
01%
0%
0%
1%
%
11%%
s
n
0%
t
a
g
Lingay
e
Disaster management
en
In Lingayen and Binmaley fisheries’ disaster
management out of 6 respondents, 4 fishpond owners
are carefully considering flood insurance. Two
respondents are protecting their business important
files before disaster. 3 out of 6 respondents follow
local media for Disaster warnings by (a) reading
newspapers (b) watching television news and (c)
listening to radio. 1 out of 3 respondents have contact
of their employees. The remaining 5 respondents do
not have contacts of their employees because of the
following reasons (a) their employees are also their
relatives and also residing near the fishpond (b) one
of the owner does not have a cellular phone. 6 out of
6 or 100% responded that they do create emergency
plan before disaster by (a) harvesting before the
forecasted disaster (b) hiring own pond watcher/
guard (c) conducting workshops for employees
regarding disaster management (d) take precautions
such as unplugging electric equipment. Two out of six
respondents were implementing disaster recovery
plan. Five out of six respondents were notifying all
employees and critical customers about the possible
effects of disaster in the supply of the product. Five
out of six respondents were implementing business
continuity plan.
4. CONCLUSIONS
The researchers conclude that majority of
the fisheries in Lingayen and Binmaley, Pangasinan
are not effective in Disaster Management. Binmaley
Fisheries are more effective when it comes to
Disaster Management due to the numbers of
preparation. The government should impose more
programs for business workers regarding disaster
management. It will be better if the disaster
preparations for different businesses are separated
for convenience.
5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I would like to say thank you to my
research adviser Ms. Russel Lomboy for helping me
with my study. Also to our supportive principal,
Mr. Renato Salcedo for supporting us.
6. REFERENCES (use APA style for citations)
[1]
Westlund, L.; Poulain, F.; Bage, H.; van Anrooy,
R. Disaster response and risk management in
the fisheries sector. FAO Fisheries Technical
Paper. No. 479. Rome, FAO. 2007. 56p. Retrieved
from:
http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/a1217e/a1217e00
[2]
Yap, W. 1999. Rural Aquaculture in the
Philippines:
Introduction.Retrievedfrom:http://www.fao.org/d
ocrep/003/x6943e/x6943e05.htm#bm05
[3]
Lamarca, N. 2017. Fisheries Country Profile:
Philippines.
Retrieved
from:
http://www.seafdec.org/fisheries-country-profilephilippines/