Upper respiratory tract
Trachea and bronchi
bronchioles
Alveoli
Blood vessels wall (artery and
vein)
Capillaries
Thyroid (Thyroid follicles)
Spermatic cord
VAGINA
UTERUS (endometrium)
UTERINE TUBES
Ovary
Spleen
Lymph nodes
NEPHRON
Histology
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium +goblet cells
cartilage and connective tissues
only smooth muscles
composed of simple epithelium that has two type of cells:
Type 1 pneumocytes
simple squamous epithelium.
Type 2 pneumocytes (spetal cells):
simple cuboidal epithelium
(a) Tunica interna (intima):
Endothelium (simple squamous epithelium)
(b)Tunica media:
smooth muscle fibers + elastic fibers
(c) Tunica externa (adventitia):
elastic fibers + collagen fibers
simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)
simple cuboidal epithelial
connective tissue sheath
(1) mucosa: (Inner layer)
stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
(2) Muscularis: (Middle layer)
smooth muscle but external orifice of the vagina is
skeletal muscle fibers
(3) adventitia: (Outer layer)
connective layer
simple columnar
• Mucosa:
(simple columnar ciliated epithelium)
• Muscularis :
(Smooth muscle)
(1) Germinal epithelium :
(simple cuboidal or squamous on the surface)
(2) Tunica albuginea:
(dense connective tissue)
Capsule
dense connective tissue
Trabeculae
derived from the capsule
(a) Cortex
(a dense connective tissue)
(b) Trabeculae
(extension of capsule)
(c) Medulla
Lymphocytes + plasma cells
(1) Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule:
(a) Parietal layer:
-simple squamous epithelium
(b) Visceral layer: modified -simple squamous epithelium called
podocytes.
(2) Proximal convoluted tubule:
-simple cuboidal epithelium have Bruch border
(3) Descending limb of loop of Henle:
JUXTAGLOMERULAR
APPARATUS
URETER
URINARY BLADDER
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
WALL OF THE STOMACH
SMALL INTESTINE
Large intestine
- simple squamous epithelium
(4) Ascending limb of the loop of Henle:
- simple cuboidal epithelium
(5) Distal convoluted tubule:
- simple cuboidal epithelium
(a)Juxtaglomerular cells (modified smooth muscle of afferent
arteriole)
(b) Macula Densa
(tall cells of distal tubule)
Mucosa :
- transitional epithelium
Muscularis:
- smooth muscles
Adventitia :
- a layer of connective tissue
(1) Mucosa (the inner layer)
- it lined with transitional epithelium
(2) Muscularis (the middle layer)
- it is formed of smooth muscle called detrusor muscle (empties the
bladder).
(3) Adventitia (the outer layer)
- connective layer
(1) Mucosa (innermost) consists of :
- mucous membrane
(epithelium)
- lamina propria
(connective tissue)
- muscularis mucosa
(thin smooth muscle)
(2) Submucosa (outside the mucosa)
- a thick layer of connective tissue containing nerves
and blood vessels
(3) Muscle layer (muscularis)
Consists of two layers of smooth muscle:
(1)Longitudinal (outer layer)
(2) - Circular (inner layer)
(4) Adventitia or Serosa (outermost layer)
(connective tissue)
- In the abdomen covered by serous membrane called Peritoneum
-Peritoneum made up of connective tissue and epithelium
Mucosa:
Gastric pits extension of epithelium into lamina propia
- Epithelial cells are simple columnar
Mucosa: Epithelium: is simple columnar (absorptive cells)
Villi: (fingerlike projections of mucosa to increase surface area of
absorption)
Microvilli or brush border : (in the apical surface of epithelium)
Mucosa - Simple columnar epithelium has goblet cells
- No folds and lacks Villi
Muscularis:The longitudinal layer are thickened form taeniae coli
‫بدريـه حسين‬‫دعواتكم‬