The Skeletal System Anatomy & Physiology Fall Semester 2022 What is the skeletal system? • The skeletal system is your body’s central framework. It consists of bones and connective tissue, including cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. It’s also called the musculoskeletal system. What does the skeletal system do? • The skeletal system has many functions. Besides giving us our human shape and features, it: • Allows movement: Your skeleton supports your body weight to help you stand and move. Joints, connective tissue and muscles work together to make your body parts mobile. • Produces blood cells: Bones contain bone marrow. Red and white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. • Protects and supports organs: Your skull shields your brain, your ribs protect your heart and lungs, and your backbone protects your spine. • Stores minerals: Bones hold your body’s supply of minerals like calcium and vitamin D. What are the parts of the skeletal system? • The skeletal system is a network of many different parts that work together to help you move. The main part of your skeletal system consists of your bones, hard structures that create your body’s framework — the skeleton. There are 206 bones in an adult human skeleton. There are 300 bones in a baby’s body. • Each bone has four main layers: Periosteum, Compact bone, Spongy bone and Bone marrow. Four layers of Bone • The periosteum is a tough membrane that covers and protects the outside of the bone. • Below the periosteum, compact bone is white, hard, and smooth. It provides structural support and protection. • The core, or spongy bone, is softer than compact bone. It has small holes called pores to store marrow. • The Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside of the bones in your body. Bone marrow contains cells that produce blood cells and platelets. It is responsible for making billions of new blood cells each day. Other Components of the Skeletal System • Cartilage: This smooth and flexible substance covers the tips of your bones where they meet. It enables bones to move without friction (rubbing against each other). When cartilage wears away, as in arthritis, it can be painful and cause movement problems. • Joints: A joint is where two or more bones in the body come together. There are three different joint types. The types of joints are: • Immovable joints: Immovable joints don’t let the bones move at all, like the joints between your skull bones. • Partly movable joints: These joints allow limited movement. The joints in your rib cage are partly movable joints. • Movable joints: Movable joints allow a wide range of motion. Your elbow, shoulder, and knee are movable joints. • Ligaments: Bands of strong connective tissue called ligaments hold bones together. • Tendons: Tendons are bands of tissue that connect the ends of a muscle to your bone. Independent Work • Complete Skeletal System EdPuzzle on Canvas. Exit Ticket 1.How many bones are in a baby’s body? 2.How many bones are in an adult body? 3.Name the 2 major sections of the skeleton? A.Axial and Appendicular B.Axial and Frontal C.Femur and tibia D.Skull and Metatarsal
