Introduction and Defining
Globalization
What is your globalization story?
 How have you experienced globalization?
Why this course?
 Avoid parochialism
 World teaches us more about our society
 Filipinos increasingly interacting with the
world
– OFW 4,018 Filipinos per day in 2009,
6,092 in 2015
– Internet, cheaper travel, presence of
MNCs
The course’s approach: The Study
of Globalization
 Globalization: inherently interdisciplinary
 See contemporary world through a broad
lens –in different lenses
 Allows us to examine various globalizing
processes
 Forces us to ask questions re. global
citizenship
Academic definition
 As opposed to popular/activist definition:
 Not “neoliberal globalization”/ “market
globalism”
The need for an interdisciplinary
approach
– We need to transcend to disciplinary
boundaries… Otherwise, we won’t talk!
For a political scientist
 Political scientist: “Challenge to the nation
state.”
– Emergence of corporations
(http://www.businessinsider.com/25corporations-bigger-tan-countries-20116#walmart-is-bigger-than-norway-25)
– Strength of regional blocks
– Emergence of global political norms
For the economist…
 Increased free trade
 Speed of trade (HFT – milliseconds to
trade shares)
 Global economic organizations
 Regional economic blocs
For the scholar of culture and
communication
 “Global village”
 Communications technology as “shrinking”
our world
 “Cultural imperialism”
How do we bring these various
perspectives together?
 Working definition of globalization:
Steger: “Globalization refers to the
expansion and intensification of social
relations and consciousness across worldtime and world-space”
1. Various forms of connectivity”
 They are diverse (can be economic,
political, cultural, etc.)
 They are enabled by various factors,
pressures, media, etc.
 They are uneven (different degrees of
interconnection)
2. Expansion and Stretching of
Social Relations




1. NGOs
2. Friendships/Relationships
3. Government associations
4. MNCs
3. Intensification and Acceleration
of Social Exchanges and Activities
 1. From snail mail to Facebook
 2. Live television
 3. Increased travel (cheap flights)
4. Occurs Subjectively
 1. We think about the world (#PrayforParis
for example)
 2. We associate ourselves with global
trends (fan of K-Pop)
 3. Hopefully, we feel some sense of
responsibility (climate change)
 THIS PROCESS IS UNEVEN
Helpful question: What is being
globalized?
 The different forms of connectivity and
flows are different facets of globalization
 Different “globalities” represent different
forms of globalization – Flusty (2004)
 Depending on the globality, you see a
different dynamic
Identify the Global Economic
Organizations
What benefits does the
Philippines get from these
organizations?
What is the participation of the
Philippines in these
organizations?