MICROBIOLOGY 250
CHAPTER 8
OBJECTIVES
JOY STROHMAIER
All Key terms and terms in bold.
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Define genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code, genotype
and phenotype. (8.1)
Distinguish between mutation and horizontal gene transfer. (8.1)
MicroAssessment 8.1
Describe three outcomes of base substitutions. (8.2)
Describe the consequences of removing or adding nucleotides. (8.2)
Explain how transposons cause mutations. (8.2)
MicroAssessment 8.2
Define mutagen. (8.3)
Describe the three general groups of chemical mutagens. (8.3)
Explain why transposons induce mutations. (8.3)
Explain how X rays and UV light damage DNA. (8.3)
MicroAssessment 8.3
Table 8.3
Describe the process of DNA-mediated transformation, including the
role of competent cells. (8.6)
Describe generalized transduction. (8.7)
Compare and contrast conjugation involving an F+ donor, an Hfr strain,
and an F ' donor. (8.8)
Describe the functions of plasmids and transposons. (8.8, 8.9)
And Table 8.5
Describe how plasmids differ from bacterial chromosomes. (8.9)
Discuss how genetic mutation and recombination provide material for
natural selection to act on and how does this relate to the increased
prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. (summary
critical thinking question)