Antifungals, anthelminthics, antiprotozoal drugs - worksheet questions
Name and Surname: Rearatwa Mamogale
Student number: 202016931
Course: BSc DIET III
1. List four classes of antifungal drugs
Echinocandins
Antifungal azoles
Polyene drugs
Allylamines
2. List six cellular targets of antifungal drugs
Cell wall
DNA Synthesis
Nucleus
Plasma membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitotic spindle
3. Give an example of an antifungal drug that is a Naturally occurring polyene macrolide antibiotic
Amphotericin B
4. Discuss the pharmacokinetics of amphotericin B
Not absorbed orally
May be detected 7 weeks after discontinuation.
Injectable preparations require addition of sodium deoxycholate.
The half-life is about 24 hours, but up to 15 days with repeated doses
Extensively bound to plasma proteins and is distributed throughout the body
Eliminated slowly in urine
5. Which antifungal drug can be used for candida albicans and other candida species but not effective
against skin infections caused by the dermatophytes?
Nystatin
6. Which antifungal is a drug of choice for treating dermatophytosis and onychomycoses (nail fungal
infection)?
Terbinafine
7. Discuss the mechanism of action of terbinafine
It inhibits fungal squalene decreasing the synthesis of ergosterol
8. Which antifungal is used for hair infections and requires treatment of 6 to 12 months?
Griseofulvin
9. Is griseofulvin fungistatic or fungicidal?
Fungistatic
10. Discuss the pharmacokinetics of griseofulvin in terms of absorption
Oral absorption enhanced by fat containing meals
11. List three drugs classified as echinocandins
Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafunginare
12. List three drugs that can be used for local oral treatment
Miconazole
Nystatin
Clotrimazole
13. List five species of the protozoal genus Plasmodium that causes malaria
Plasmodium falciform
P. vivax
P. knoweles
P. ovale
P. malariae
14. List four antiprotozoal drugs used for malaria prophylaxis
Doxycycline
Mefloquine
Chloroquine
Atovaquone-proguanil
15. Which antiprotozoal is usually administered in combination with doxycycline, tetracycline, or
clindamycin?
Quinine
16. Discuss the pharmacokinetics of chloroquine
Absorbed orally
Distributed in erythrocytes, spleen, liver
Kidneys and melanin containing
Excreted in urine
Tissues and leukocytes
17. List two anthelminthics used as chemotherapy for nematodes
Ivermectin
Mebendazole
18. Which anthelminthic is used as chemotherapy for trematodes
Praziquantel
19. List two anthelminthics used as chemotherapy for cestodes
Albendazole
Niclosamide
20. Which anthelminthic is a drug of choice in inoperable cases and is used prophylactically before
and after surgery?
Albendazole