GRADE 6 – GEOGRAPHY WHY PEOPLE TRADE Trade as exchange of goods Trade as buying/selling goods for money Exports/Imports between S.A. and the world INTRODUCTION Greet learners – Hand out Geography books Show them a slab of chocolates – what would you trade to get this slab of chocolate? - What work would you perform in exchange for the chocolate? - What value in rand would you pay for this chocolate? Record answers on board under headings: ‘items’ ; ‘services’ ; ‘value’ ___________________________________________________________________________ ACTIVITY 1 – Trade as the exchange of goods Ask: What is one word we can use to describe an exchange of goods between people (when one person gives you an item in return for an item they want/need?) Answer: Exchange / swap / barter Ask: Can you make or grow everything you need to live? Answer: No Ask: How can we get the items that we do not have but need without using money? Answer: Exchange / swap / barter THAT’S RIGHT! WE CAN TRADE BY THE EXCHANGE/SWAP/BARTER OF GOODS HISTORY Say: If we think of Mapungubwe then we remember that they used the barter system to trade with China and India. Ask: What did they barter with? Answer: glass beads and cloth and received spices BARTER MARKET Hand out barter-cards and explain that they are going to go to ‘market’ to barter for other items by exchanging cards – guide /assist where necessary – important to be fun and vibrant activity. EXPLAIN Vocabulary: page 30 ‘new words’ block WORKBOOK Heading: Geography – Why people trade xxx Sub-heading: Trade as exchange of goods xxx Date: -People trade to get the things they need or want. -People trade at markets, in shops, on the internet and on the streets. -Before there was money people used to swap or barter items. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ACTIVITY 2 – Trade as buying and selling goods for money Say: When you bartered with the cards, you had to first decide what your item was worth to you – you wouldn’t swap a pair of shoes for one chappie. ITEMS ON DISPLAY Show 5 items on display: nesting dolls; sunglasses ; watch ; pot-plant ; tortoise Ask : what do you think each of these items are worth? Why is it worth that much/little? What work would you do that has the same value as the item – (what work would you perform to get this item?) So, instead of bartering with goods or services, how else could we get things we want/need? Answer: money Ask: why do we use money to trade today? Why not just keep the barter system? Answer: Money makes buying selling easier because people do not have to carry lots of objects with them to barter with. You can sell items to people who even if they don’t have any items that you want. Instead, you can use that money to go and buy the items you need that the first person could not provide. THAT’S RIGHT! WE CAN TRADE BY BUYING AND SELLING GOODS USING MONEY. WORKBOOK Subheading: Trade as buying and selling goods for money xx -Most people use money to trade. -Money makes buying selling easier because people do not have to carry lots of objects with them to barter with. -When people sell things for money, they first decide on the value of an item. -The amount is what the item is worth and the price you would charge for it. -People can sell or exchange items or work in return for money. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ACTIVITY 3 – Exports and imports between S.A. and the world Say: We’ve looked at trade through bartering and trade through buying and selling goods for money. So now we know that people and businesses earn money by selling things. Countries also earn money by selling things to other countries. If my mining company sells gold to England, I will get paid and I must then pay some money – called tax – to the South African Government. Governments also spend money by buying things from other countries. This buying and selling between countries is called global trade. A government tries to sell or export more than it buys or imports. In that way, the government earns more than it spends, and has money for things like building schools and running hospitals. • Countries sell the things they produce. These are called exports. • Countries buy the things they need. These are called imports. Ask: What do we call it when we bring products in from another country? Answer: Imports Ask: What do we call it when we send/sell products to other countries? Answer: Exports Show map on page 31 and Ask: Why do we import and export? Answers: We have items that we cannot grow or manufacture and need, while there are items that we can provide to other countries that they cannot grow or manufacture. Ask: Why do we export fruit to other countries? Why can’t they grow their own fruit? What makes it easier to grow fruit here? Answer: temperatures / climate Ask: What are some of the natural resources that we export? Answer: gold / diamonds / iron Ask: Why do we import computers/clothes/medicines? Answer: Expertise / cheap labour / laboratories (expensive) EXPLAIN New words on page 31 WORKBOOK Subheading: Exports and imports between S.A. and the world xx -Countries earn money by selling things to other countries. - Governments also spend money by buying things from other countries. -This buying and selling between countries is called global trade. -Goods that S.A. buys from other countries are called imports. -The goods that South Africa sells to other countries are called exports. _______________________________________________________________________________________ CONLCUSION Quiz: 1 – People trade to get things they need? 2 – Bartering is when you use money to pay for something 3 – The value of an item is determined by the buyer. 4 – I can exchange work for money or goods. 5 – South Africa only exports fruit. 6 – South Africa does not need to import anything _______________________________________________________________________________________ INFORMAL ASSESSMENT and ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY Assessment : Hand out to all to stick in books and complete rest of the time. Enrichment Activity to be given to those learners who manage to complete task timeously with solid understanding. Extra question to be answered in workbook but can also be discussed – feedback about discussion or written work to be given in writing in workbook. No penalty for incorrect answers. BAIA FORMOSA SCHOOL FUNDRAISER EVENT 1 - Look at this drawing of a school event. a) Find three people who are spending money. What are they buying? b) Find someone who is selling something they are making. What are they selling? c) Find someone selling things that they did not make themselves. What are they selling, and how did they get these things? d) What is the taxi driver selling? e) What are the soccer players selling? f) Why does it cost more to buy something like the T-shirt than other things, like the flag _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2 - Look at these fact sheets of South Africa’s exports to and imports from other countries in 2009 and answer the questions that follow a) Name a country that South Africa exports more to than it imports from? b) Which country is only a trading partner for imports? What do you think is imported from this country? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3 – Activity 3 on page 32 in CAPS book Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ Enrichment Question Fair Trade is a system that ensures poor farmers get a good price for their crops. Explain what you think the sentence above means and how you think the Fair Trade system works. ________________________________________________________________________________ ANSWER SHEET 1- a) Examples of people who are spending money: man buying boerewors roll, woman buying ice cream, woman buying flag, woman buying ticket to soccer b) Examples of people who are selling something they make: woman selling hand-painted t-shirts, woman selling boerewors rolls c) Examples of people who are selling something they did not make themselves: ice-cream seller (from icecream supplier), hat seller (from hat-making factory or second hand), flag seller (from flag supplier) d) He is selling a service – transport. e) They are also selling a service – entertainment. f ) Because more work and costs are required to produce the handpainted t-shirt than to produce the flag, and value has been added to the t-shirt, the seller of the t-shirts can charge a higher price. 2– a) Japan, United States, Netherlands b) Saudi Arabia, petroleum products 3– 1. Gold, iron, diamonds 2. South Africa does not have oil resources. We must import oil to manufacture petrol for cars and paraffin for heat from oil. 3. Saudi Arabia, Italy, America, China, Japan Enrichment Question Fair trade, defined simply, is when producers in developing countries are paid a fair price for their work, by companies in developed countries. It's when the price we pay for products gives enough to producers for them to afford life's essentials - like food, education and healthcare.
