Edrozo Jr., Ramon EST 132 – A2 Takeaway Learning for Analog Process Control and Sensors 1. Summary of the key points in the lecture given by the team alpha. Process Control System is the idea of dealing with regulating processes of the system by putting the feedback principle using different principally digital computation devices. Logical signal is a signal applied to the system to produce an output action. There is a specific desired value of a controlled variable which is the “set point”, where the output signal is sent to the summing point and added to the reference to obtain the actuating signal, then it will be transferred and amplified to preceding elements of the process control flow. There are basic process control components which are: actuator, control valve, sensor, and transmitter. Electrical heating is a method which heats an object by using electricity. One of the ways in electrical heating are induction heating, which heats up a metal conductor with electromagnetic field. Another one is the frequency heating where electrical power is directly utilized to heat any substance with resistance, direct and indirect resistance heating. There are various types of sensors that detects the intensity or level of physical quantities. One is the temperature sensor which indicates the temperature of an object, it may be gas, liquid or solid; examples are thermocouple and thermistor. Another one of sensor is the pressure sensor that detects how much pressure a liquid or a gas is; one of examples is a piezoelectric. Flow sensor measures the changes in the fluid's physical attributes and calculate its flow; measuring the speed of flowing water running through the pipe that causes a turbine or piston to rotate. 2. What I have learned in this topic. I have learned that process control system is relating to PID system which regulates the values of the input signal, which is the source signal in the system; error, which is the output, but not the desired signal; feedback which is connected back to the input; desired output signals. I have also learned that heating up an object with electricity is the most convenient way since it doesn’t produce waste materials unlike gasoline or burning firewood. Induction heating is very interesting since it uses very high frequency and voltage from a small frequency voltage source to heat up a metallic object that are commonly used in electric stoves. I have understood the principle of pressure gauges use mechanical system which there is a spring that is loaded by the pressure inside the gas or liquid tank that moves the meter to a value is indicates the pressure level. I have also learned the flow sensor that measures the speed of flowing liquid or gas also uses mechanical system in which the liquid or gas flowing through a pipe is resisted by the turbine so it can rotate, and the speed of the rotation is directly proportional to the speed of the flowing water. When the turbine rotates, it produces an electromagnetic field and produces an electromotive force or voltage which is then calculated to measure how fast the water flows.
