OSPF Practice Guide
OSPF Practice Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Experiment Description ....................................................................................................................1
Experiment Description ................................................................................................................1
Version Introduction .....................................................................................................................1
Experiment Objectives .................................................................................................................1
Experiment Tasks ........................................................................................................................1
Relevant Materials .......................................................................................................................1
Chapter 1 OSPF Single-area Experiment Guide .............................................................................2
1.1 Networking and Service Description ......................................................................................2
1.2 Command Line List ................................................................................................................2
1.3 Configuration Flow .................................................................................................................3
1.4 Configuration Procedure ........................................................................................................3
1.5 Result Verification ..................................................................................................................3
1.6 FAQ ........................................................................................................................................6
1.7 Additional Task ......................................................................................................................7
1.8 Configuration Reference ........................................................................................................7
1.8.1 Configure the Port .......................................................................................................7
1.8.2 OSPF Configuration ....................................................................................................8
Chapter 2 OSPF Multi-area Experiment Guide ............................................................................ 10
2.1 Networking and Service Description ................................................................................... 10
2.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 10
2.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 11
2.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 11
2.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 11
2.6 FAQ ..................................................................................................................................... 14
2.7 Additional Task ................................................................................................................... 14
2.8 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 14
2.8.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 14
2.8.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 15
Chapter 3 OSPF Route Aggregration Configuration Guide ....................................................... 17
3.1 Networking and Service Introduction: ................................................................................. 17
3.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 17
3.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 18
3.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 18
3.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 18
3.6 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 19
3.6.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 19
3.6.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 20
Chapter 4 Experiment Guide to OSPF Electing DR/BDR ............................................................ 21
4.1 Networking and Service Description ................................................................................... 21
4.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 21
4.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 22
4.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 22
4.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 22
4.6 FAQ ..................................................................................................................................... 24
4.7 Additional Task ................................................................................................................... 24
4.8 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 24
4.8.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 24
4.8.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 25
Chapter 5 Area Authentication Configuration Guide .................................................................. 26
5.1 Networking and Service Description ................................................................................... 26
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OSPF Practice Guide
Table of Contents
5.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 26
5.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 27
5.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 27
5.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 28
5.6 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 29
5.6.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 29
5.6.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 29
Chapter 6 STUB Area Configuration Guide ................................................................................. 31
6.1 Networking and Service Introduction .................................................................................. 31
6.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 32
6.3 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 32
6.4 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 32
6.4.1 Before Configuration: ............................................................................................... 32
6.4.2 After Configuring Area 1 to Stub .............................................................................. 33
6.5 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 34
6.5.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 34
6.5.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 35
6.5.3 Configure stub area .................................................................................................. 37
Chapter 7 NSSA Area Configuration Guide ................................................................................. 38
7.1 Networking and Service Description ................................................................................... 38
7.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 38
7.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 39
7.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 39
7.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 40
7.6 FAQ ..................................................................................................................................... 42
7.7 Additional Task ................................................................................................................... 43
7.8 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 43
7.8.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 43
7.8.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 44
Chapter 8 Virtual Link Configuration Guide ................................................................................ 46
8.1 Networking and Service Description ................................................................................... 46
8.2 Command Line List ............................................................................................................. 46
8.3 Configuration Flow .............................................................................................................. 47
8.4 Configuration Procedure ..................................................................................................... 47
8.5 Result Verification ............................................................................................................... 48
8.6 FAQ ..................................................................................................................................... 49
8.7 Configuration Reference ..................................................................................................... 49
8.7.1 Configure the Port .................................................................................................... 49
8.7.2 OSPF Configuration ................................................................................................. 50
ii
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OSPF Practice Guide
Experiment Description
Experiment Description
This experiment guide introduces the configuration methods and configuration
procedure of the basic services of OSPF protocol, and covers the currently prevalent
technologies of OSPF. It is designed to help you understand the configuration methods
and configuration procedure of the basic services of OSPF.
Version Introduction
This guide is applicable to VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008 and 5.10.,RELEASE
0039
Experiment Objectives


Understand configuration procedures of different applications of OSPF
Get familiar with the configuration commands of relevant applications of OSPF
Experiment Tasks








Configure OSPF area
Configure OSPF area
OSPF route aggregation configuration
Configure DR/BDR election
Configure area authentication
STUB area configuration
Configure NSSA area
Configure virtual link
Relevant Materials


VRP 3.30 Operation Manual
VRP 5.10 Operation Manual
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Chapter 1 OSPF Single-area Experiment Guide
1.1 Networking and Service Description



4 routers RTA, RTB, RTC and RTD run the OSPF concurrently, and belong to the
same area, i.e., Area 0.
By running OSPF, communication between routers is implemented.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
1.2 Command Line List
Table 1-1
Operation
Version
Configure Router ID
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Enable OSPF and Enter the
OSPF View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run OSPF protocol on the
specified network segment
2
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
Area area-id
Area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
network ip-address wildcard-mask
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1.3 Configuration Flow
Designate Router ID
Run OSPF
Create area
Advertise network
Figure 1-1
1.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Specify the router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as a
router ID.
2)
Run OSPF
In system-view, run OSPF, and adopt the default OSPF process 1.
3)
Create an area
In the OSPF view, create a backbone area: Area 0.
4)
Declare the network
In the Area view, declare the corresponding network. Different routers declare different
networks. For example, 10.1.1.0 and 192.2.2.0 are declared on the router RTB.
1.5 Result Verification
1)
The networks of each device can access each other (as tested via the “ping”
command)
[RTA]ping -a 1.1.1.1 3.3.3.3
PING 3.3.3.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=29
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=29
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=29
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=28
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=28
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
--3.30.30.3 ping statistics-5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 28/28/3 ms
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2)
4
Use the “display ip routing-table” command to check the routing table.
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
Cost
0
2
1564
4.4.4.4/32
10.1.1.0/30
10.1.1.1/32
10.2.2.0/30
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.1.1.0/30
192.1.1.1/32
192.1.1.2/32
192.2.2.0/30
1563
0
0
1563
0
0
0
0
0
1563
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
10
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
10
[RTB]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
Cost
2
0
1563
1564
10.1.1.0/30
10.1.1.2/32
10.2.2.0/30
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.1.1.0/30
192.2.2.0/30
192.2.2.1/32
192.2.2.2/32
0
0
1563
0
0
1563
0
0
0
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
0
[RTC]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
Cost
1564
2.2.2.2/32
3.3.3.3/32
4.4.4.4/32
10.1.1.0/30
10.2.2.0/30
10.2.2.2/32
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.1.1.0/30
192.2.2.0/30
192.2.2.1/32
192.2.2.2/32
1563
0
2
1563
0
0
0
0
1563
0
0
0
OSPF
DIRECT
OSPF
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
10
0
10
10
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
[RTD]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
Cost
1563
1564
3.3.3.3/32
4.4.4.4/32
10.1.1.0/30
2
0
1563
OSPF
DIRECT
OSPF
10
0
10
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
192.1.1.2
192.1.1.2
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
192.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
192.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
Nexthop
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
10.1.1.1
192.2.2.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Nexthop
10.2.2.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
192.2.2.2
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
Interface
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Nexthop
192.1.1.1
10.2.2.2
192.1.1.1
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
192.1.1.1
Interface
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
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10.2.2.0/30
10.2.2.1/32
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.1.1.0/30
192.1.1.1/32
192.1.1.2/32
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1563
10.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.1.1.2
192.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.2
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
 Note:
Each channel of router learns other route information through OSPF and provide interconnection of
network. From the routing table, we can see that the OSPF can support equivalent routes. For example, on
the RTD, the data that reaches 2.2.2.2/32 can be sent to 10.2.2.2, or sent to 192.1.1.1.
3)
Use the “display ospf routing” command to check the OSPF routing table.
[RTA] display ospf routing
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Routing Tables:
Routing for Network
Destination
Cost Type NextHop
AdvRouter
10.1.1.0/30
1 Net 10.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
192.2.2.0/30
1563 Stub 10.1.1.2
2.2.2.2
2.2.2.2/32
2 Stub 10.1.1.2
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1/32
1 Stub 1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
192.1.1.0/30
1562 Stub 192.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
10.2.2.0/30
1563 Net 192.1.1.2
3.3.3.3
4.4.4.4/32
1563 Stub 192.1.1.2
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3/32
1564 Stub 192.1.1.2
3.3.3.3
10.1.1.2
Total Nets: 8
Intra Area: 8 Inter Area: 0 ASE: 0 NSSA: 0
4)
Area
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
Use the “display ospf lsdb” command to check the link state database.
[RTA] display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Stub
Stub
Stub
Stub
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Rtr
Rtr
Net
Net
LinkState ID
192.2.2.0
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
192.1.1.0
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
10.1.1.1
10.2.2.2
Area: 0.0.0.0
AdvRouter
2.2.2.2
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
Age
149
136
162
162
125
149
137
163
125
151
241
189
Len
24
24
24
24
24
24
72
72
72
72
32
32
Sequence
0
0
0
0
0
0
80000009
80000009
80000009
80000009
80000001
80000001
Metric
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Where
SpfTree
SpfTree
SpfTree
SpfTree
SpfTree
SpfTree
Clist
Clist
SpfTree
Clist
SpfTree
SpfTree
 Note:
The OSPF describes the network topology of an area through the correct LSA. Note that each database
type represents a different type of LSA in the OSPF. Listed below are common LAS types:
Stub: LSA of route connected to an end network. (Note: End network refers to edge network, and is not the
same concept as Stub area.)
Rtr: Router LSA
Net: Network LSA
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Snet: Network summary LSA
ASB: Border router summary LSA of autonomous system
ASE: External LSA of autonomous system
NSSA: External LSA of NSSA
5)
Use the “display ospf brief” command to check the summary information of OSPF;
[RTA]display ospf brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
OSPF Protocol Information
RouterID: 1.1.1.1
Spf-schedule-interval: 5
Routing preference: Inter/Intra: 10 External: 150
Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2
SPF computation count: 10
Area Count: 1
Nssa Area Count: 0
Area 0.0.0.0:
Authtype: none
Flags: <>
SPF scheduled: <>
Interface 10.1.1.1 (Ethernet0/0)
Cost: 1 State: DR
Type: Broadcast
Priority: 1
Designated Router: 10.1.1.1
Backup Designated Router: 10.1.1.2
Timers : Hello 10,Dead 40,Poll 40,Retransmit 5,Transmit Delay 1
Interface 192.1.1.1 (Serial2/0) --> 192.1.1.2
Cost: 1562 State: PtoP
Type: PointToPoint
Priority: 1
Timers : Hello 10,Dead 40,Poll 40,Retransmit 5,Transmit Delay 1
Interface 1.1.1.1 (LoopBack0) --> 1.1.1.1
Cost: 1 State: PtoP
Type: PointToPoint
Priority: 1
Timers : Hello 10,Dead 40,Poll 40,Retransmit 5,Transmit Delay 1
 Note:
The “display ospf brief” command can be used to check all OSPF-related information except routing
information, e.g., neighbor information, network type, DR/BDR, Hello time, and so on. It is one of the
frequently used commands for detecting error.
Other router-related information can also be viewed via the above commands, which is not described here
any further.
1.6 FAQ
Q: What does neighbor relationship mean in the OSPF?
A: Neighbor means the router on the same network link.
Q: What does neighboring relationship in OSPF?
A: Neighboring relationship is based on the neighbor relationship. When two neighbors
have synchronized the OSPF database, a neighboring relationship is developed
between them.
Q: How many network types are supported by OSPF?
6
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A: P2P, P2MP, NBMA and Broadcast. In addition, in the NBMA network, the neighbor
relationship needs to be created manually.
Q: Does equivalent router exist in the current networking diagram? How many
equivalent routes are supported by VRP3.30? How many equivalent routes are
supported by VRP5.10 as a maximum?
A: Yes, it exists. The VRP3.30 supports a maximum of 3 equivalent routes, and the
VRP5.10 supports a maximum of 6 equivalent routes.
1.7 Additional Task
In the current networking diagram, the RTA reaches RTC along two routes:
RTA-RTB-RTC and RTA-RTD-RTC. To go to RTC via RTA-RTB-RTC and come back
via RTC―RTD―RTA, what should we do?
1.8 Configuration Reference
1.8.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTA]interface serial 2/0
[RTA-Serial2/0]ip address 192.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Serial2/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
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[RTC-Ethernet2/0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
IV. Configure RTD
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTD
[RTD]interface loopback 0
[RTD-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
[RTD-LoopBack0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTD]interface serial 2/0
[RTD-Serial2/0]ip address 192.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Serial2/0]quit
1.8.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTA-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
Run OSPF
[RTC]ospf 1
3)
8
Create area 0
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[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
IV. Configure RTD
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
2)
Run OSPF
[RTD]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTD-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
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Chapter 2 OSPF Multi-area Experiment Guide
2.1 Networking and Service Description
Figure 2-1



Four routers RTA, RTB, RTC and RTD run the OSPF concurrently. As shown in
the figure, RTA and RTB belong to area 1, RTB and RTC belong to area 0, and
RTC and RTD belong to area 2 (Note: The 10.1.1.2/30 of RTA belongs to area 1,
and the 10.2.2.2/30 of RTC belongs to area 2)
The four routers use their respective loopback as their respective router ID.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
2.2 Command Line List
Table 2-1
Operation
Configure Router ID
Enable OSPF and Enter the
OSPF View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run the OSPF protocol in the
10
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
area area-id
area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
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Operation
specified network segment
Version
VRP 5.10
Command
network ip-address wildcard-mask
2.3 Configuration Flow
Designate Router ID
Run OSPF
Create area
Advertise network
Figure 2-2
2.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Specify Router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as router
ID.
2)
Run OSPF
In system-view, run OSPF. Adopt the default OSPF process 1.
3)
Create an area
In the OSPF view, create the correseponding area. Different routers have different area
codes. For example, area 0 and area 1 should be created on router B.
4)
Declare network
Declare the network in the corresponding area view. Different routers declare different
networks. For example, area 0 of router RTB should only declare 192.2.2.0.
2.5 Result Verification
1)
Use the “Ping” or “Tracert” command to detect the connectivity of the network;
[RTA]ping 10.2.2.1
PING 10.2.2.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.2.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=30
Reply from 10.2.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=29
Reply from 10.2.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=29
Reply from 10.2.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=29
Reply from 10.2.2.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=28
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
--10.20.20.1 ping statistics-5 packet(s) transmitted
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5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 28/29/3 ms
[RTA]tracert 10.2.2.1
traceroute to 10.2.2.1(10.2.2.1) 30 hops max,40 bytes packet
1 10.1.1.2 10 ms 2 ms 2 ms
2 192.2.2.1 20 ms 19 ms 20 ms
3 10.2.2.1 30 ms 20 ms 20 ms
2)
12
Use the “display ip routing-table” command to check the routing table.
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
Cost
0
2
1564
1565
0
0
1564
0
0
1563
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
[RTB]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.2/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
2
0
1563
1564
0
0
1563
0
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
192.2.2.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
[RTC]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
DIRECT
0
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
10.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
1564
1563
0
2
1563
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
192.2.2.2
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
Interface
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
[RTD]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
Cost
1565
1564
2
0
1564
Nexthop
10.2.2.2
10.2.2.2
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.2
Interface
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
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10.2.2.0/30
10.2.2.1/32
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
1563
10.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.2
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
 Note:
As compared with a single area, the result is exactly the same. Each router learns the routing information
of each other by running OSPF to provide connectivity for the network.
3)
Use the “display ospf lsdb” command to check the link state database. In
addition, other commands can be used to check the OSPF-related information.
[RTA]dis ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
1.1.1.1
1055 24
0
2.2.2.2
1062 36
80000004
1.1.1.1
1055 48
80000007
1.1.1.1
1055 32
80000002
2.2.2.2
941 28
80000002
2.2.2.2
940 28 80000001
2.2.2.2
941 28 80000002
2.2.2.2
941 28 80000002
2.2.2.2
941 28 80000002
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1 Uninitialized
1564 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
1562 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
[RTB]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Stub
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
2.2.2.2
192.2.2.0
3.3.3.3
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
1.1.1.1
3.3.3.3
10.2.2.1
4.4.4.4
10.1.1.0
1.1.1.1
10.2.2.0
Area: 0.0.0.0
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
2.2.2.2
1266 24
0
2.2.2.2
1203 24
0
3.3.3.3
1203 24
0
2.2.2.2
183 60
8000000b
4.4.4.4
1376 60
80000009
1.1.1.1
1375 60
80000007
3.3.3.3
184 60
8000000a
4.4.4.4
1968 32 80000002
3.3.3.3
1073 28 80000002
2.2.2.2
1135 28
80000002
2.2.2.2
1135 28
80000002
3.3.3.3
1073 28 80000003
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 Uninitialized
0 Uninitialized
0 SpfTree
0 Uninitialized
2 Uninitialized
1 Inter List
2 Inter List
1 Uninitialized
Type
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age
1.1.1.1
1251
2.2.2.2
183
1.1.1.1
184
1.1.1.1
184
2.2.2.2
1135
2.2.2.2
1135
2.2.2.2
1135
2.2.2.2
1135
2.2.2.2
1135
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 Clist
0 SpfTree
1 Inter List
1564 Inter List
1563 Inter List
1562 Inter List
1563 Inter List
Len
24
36
48
32
28
28
28
28
28
Sequence
0
80000005
80000008
80000003
80000002
80000001
80000002
80000002
80000002
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 Note:
By comparing the LSDB of RTA and the LSDB of RTB, we can see that the ABR router, i.e., RTB, needs to
maintain the LSDB of two areas: area 1 and area 0.
2.6 FAQ
Q: Why are many external areas divided in the OSPF?
A: In order to reduce the calculation amount of SPF.
Q: Why can SPF calculation amount be reduced by setting up many areas?
A: Since the area division is used to divide the planar network into many hierarchical
netowrks, the size of the topology data table is reduced. When the network changes,
the SPF calculation is only specific to the changed area, so the SPF calculation amount
is reduced.
2.7 Additional Task
1)
2)
Activate the link between RTA and RTD, create area 0, and check the change of
network.
Change the area between RTC and RTD to area 1, and observe the network
change.
2.8 Configuration Reference
2.8.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
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III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
IV. Configure RTD
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTD
[RTD]interface loopback 0
[RTD-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
[RTD-LoopBack0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]quit
2.8.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 1
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
4)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
5)
Create area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
6)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
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III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
Run OSPF
[RTC]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
5)
Create area 2
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
6)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
IV. Configure Router D
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
2)
Run OSPF
[RTD]ospf 1
3)
Create area 2
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
4)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
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Chapter 3 OSPF Route Aggregration
Configuration Guide
3.1 Networking and Service Introduction:
L2: 110.1.1.1/32
RTB
RTA
.1
R
L1: 110.1.1.2/32
10.1.1.0/30
Area 1
.2
RTC
.1
R
L0: 2.2.2.2/32
L0: 1.1.1.1/32
192.2.2.0/30
.2
R
Area 0
L0: 3.3.3.3/32
Figure 3-1


On the basis of multi-area routing experiment, add L1 and L2 interfaces on the
RTA, and enable OSPF. Perform route aggregration on the RTB.The route seen
on RTC is the converged route.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
3.2 Command Line List
Table 3-1
Operation
Configure
the
Route
Summarization of OSPF
Area
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Command
abr-summary ip-address mask [ advertise |
not-advertise ]
abr-summary ip-address mask [ advertise |
not-advertise | cost cost ]
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3.3 Configuration Flow
Configure interface
Advertise network
Configure aggregation on
ABR
Figure 3-2
3.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Configure interfaces.
The RTA creates two interface addresses: L1: 110.1.1.1/32 and L2:110.1.1.2/32.
2)
Declare network
In the area 1 view of RTA, declare the network corresponding to the newly created
interface.
3)
Configure aggregration on the ABR
Configure route aggregration of 110.1.1.0/24 in the area 1 view of RTB.
3.5 Result Verification
1)
The L1-L2 route of RTA displayed on RTC is a convergent route.
Before aggregration:
[RTC]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
110.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
110.1.1.2/32
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
18
Cost
1564
1563
0
1563
1564
1564
0
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
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Interface
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
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After aggregration:
[RTC]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
OSPF
10
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
110.1.1.0/24
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
1564
1563
0
1563
1564
0
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
Interface
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
3.6 Configuration Reference
3.6.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface loopback 1
[RTA-LoopBack1]ip address 110.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack1]quit
[RTA]interface loopback 2
[RTA-LoopBack2]ip add 110.1.1.2 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack2]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
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3.6.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 1
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
4)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network
10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
110.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
110.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
5)
Create area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
6)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
7)
RTB performs route aggregration on area 1.
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 110.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 advertise
III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
Run OSPF
[RTC]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
20
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Chapter 4 Experiment Guide to OSPF Electing
DR/BDR
4.1 Networking and Service Description
Figure 4-1


Two routers run OSPF concurrently, and are connected via Ethernet. Change the
DR priority of RTB to 100, and make it become a DR router in the network.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
4.2 Command Line List
Table 4-1
Operation
Configure Router ID
Enable OSPF and Enter the
OSPF View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run OSPF protocol in the
specified network segment
Configure the interface with a
priority for DR election
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
area area-id
area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
network ip-address wildcard-mask
ospf dr-priority priority_number
ospf dr-priority priority_number
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4.3 Configuration Flow
Designate Router ID
Set DR priority
Run OSPF
Create area
Advertise network
Figure 4-2
4.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Specify the Router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as router
ID.
2)
Set DR priorityof OSPF
In the Port view, Change the DR priority of RTB to 100.
3)
Run OSPF
In system-view, run OSPF, and adopt the default OSPF process 1.
4)
Create an area
In the OSPF view, create area 0.
5)
Declare network
In the corresponding Area view, declare the network.
4.5 Result Verification
1)
Use the “display ospf brief” command to check the summary information of the
router OSPF.
[RTA]display ospf brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
OSPF Protocol Information
RouterID: 1.1.1.1
Spf-schedule-interval: 5
Routing preference: Inter/Intra: 10 External: 150
Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2
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SPF computation count: 11
Area Count: 1
Nssa Area Count: 0
Area 0.0.0.0:
Authtype: none
Flags: <>
SPF scheduled: <>
Interface: 10.1.1.1 (Ethernet0/0)
Cost: 1 State: BackupDR
Type: Broadcast
Priority: 1
Designated Router: 10.1.1.2
Backup Designated Router: 10.1.1.1
Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
Interface: 1.1.1.1 (LoopBack0) --> 1.1.1.1
Cost: 1 State: PtoP
Type: PointToPoint
Priority: 1
Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
[RTB]display ospf brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
OSPF Protocol Information
RouterID: 2.2.2.2
Spf-schedule-interval: 5
Routing preference: Inter/Intra: 10 External: 150
Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2
SPF computation count: 10
Area Count: 1
Nssa Area Count: 0
Area 0.0.0.0:
Authtype: none
Flags: <>
SPF scheduled: <>
Interface: 10.1.1.2 (Ethernet0/0)
Cost: 1 State: DR
Type: Broadcast
Priority: 100
Designated Router: 10.1.1.2
Backup Designated Router: 10.1.1.1
Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
Interface: 2.2.2.2 (LoopBack0) --> 2.2.2.2
Cost: 1 State: PtoP
Type: PointToPoint
Priority: 1
Timers: Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 40, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
 Note:
As seen from the above information, the current RTB is the DR router in the network, and its preference
level is 100. But RTA is the BDR router in the network, and its preference level is the default value 1.
The DR election is decided by two parameters: DR priority and router ID.
The value range of DR priority is 0-255. Value 0 means no participation in the DR/BDR
election. Namely, the router is always “DROther”, and the DR priority of each router is 1.
Between routers, this parameter will be compared first to decide the DR. The higher the
value, the better.
Router ID: The router ID must exist if the router needs to run the OSPF protocol. If no ID
is configured, the system will select one from the IP addresses of the current interface
as the router ID. If the DR priorityis the same, the routers will compare the value of
router ID to decide the DR. The lower the router ID value, the better.
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4.6 FAQ
Q: What is DR/BDR? What are their functions?
A: In order for each router to broadcast the local state information to the whole
autonomous system, many neighboring relationships should be set up between the
routers. This way, the route change of any router will be transferred repeatedly, and the
bandwidth resources will be wasted. In order to solve the problem, OSPF defines the
"Designated Router" (DR). All the routers only need to transmit information to the DR
for broadcasting the network link states. The router being the DR in its segment is not
specified manually.
Q: In the current network, the DR priority of RTB is 100, the DR priority of RTA is 1. Now
we change the DR priorityl of RTA to 200. Will it be changed to DR immediately?
A: No. The DR mechanism in the OSPF is on a lifelong basis. Unless the DR is
disconnected, the BDR will not be changed to DR. Once the BDR is changed to DR, the
OSPF network will not perform BDR election for DR any longer.
4.7 Additional Task
1)
2)
Let the current network contain only DR and no BDR, and observe the network
change.
In the current network, change the DR priority of RTA and that of RTB to 0, i.e., DR
and BDR are not existent, and observe the network change.
4.8 Configuration Reference
4.8.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
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4.8.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTA-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Setting priority
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ospf dr-priority 100
3)
Run the OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
4)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
5)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
NOTE: After you complete the configuration, maybe you can find RTA is the DR. In this
case, you should reset the ospf process on RTA and RTB, to let the system votes DR
again.
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Chapter 5 Area Authentication Configuration
Guide
5.1 Networking and Service Description
Figure 5-1



Run OSPF on RTA and RTB, and learn the loopback address of the opposite
party.
Use the Simple and Cipher authentication methods on the RTA to perform
regional authentication for RTB.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
5.2 Command Line List
Table 5-1
Operation
Configure Router ID
Enable OSPF and Enter the
OSPF View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run the OSPF protocol in the
specified network segment
Configure the area to support
authentication type
Specify a password for OSPF
simple text authentication
Specify the key-id and key for
26
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
Area area-id
Area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
network ip-address wildcard-mask
authentication-mode { simple | md5 }
authentication-mode { simple | md5 |
hmac-md5 }
ospf authentication-mode simple password
ospf authentication-mode simple [ plain |
cipher ] password
ospf authentication-mode md5 key_id key
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Operation
Version
OSPF MD5 authentication
VRP 5.10
Command
ospf authentication-mode { md5 |
hmac-md5 } key-id [ plain | cipher ] password
5.3 Configuration Flow
Designate
Router ID
Run OSPF
Create area
Advertise network
Run area
certification
Port use
certification
Figure 5-2
5.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
2)
Authoring indication: [ List the steps required for completing the experiment, and
provide necessary description on each step. The description should help the
learner understand services more easily. Give the relevant parameters when
giving the configuration description (e.g., IP address, key and name listed below).
Try to make the configuration data normative, and avoid configuration conflict.]
Specify the router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as a
router ID.
3)
Run the OSPF
In system-view, run the OSPF. Apply the default OSPF process 1.
4)
Create an area
In OSPF view, create area 0.
5)
Declare network
In the Area view, declare the corresponding network, e.g., declare two networks 1.1.1.1
and 10.1.1.1 on the RTA.
6)
Run the area authentication
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In the Area view, run the area authentication.
7)
Authenticate use of port
Under the corresponding port, apply the authentication mechanism and configure a
password.
5.5 Result Verification
1)
Use the “display ip routing-table” command to compare the routing table
information before and after RTA authentication.
When no authentication:
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
0
2
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Completing the configuration of authentication on RTA ,but do not configure
authentication on RTB ,you can’t find the route toward 2.2.2.2/32.
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre Cost
Nexthop
Interface
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
0
127.0.0.1
InLoopBack0
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
0
10.1.1.1
Ethernet0/0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
0
127.0.0.1
InLoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
0
127.0.0.1
InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
0
127.0.0.1
InLoopBack0
 Note:
If the authentication fails, the neighbor relationship cannot be established, and the previously learned
route 2.2.2.2 cannot be deleted from the routing table due to timeout.
2)
Then use the “display ospf error” command to check the error information.
When enable authentication on RTA, but don’t enable it on RTB,you can find
errors occurred.
[RTA]display ospf error
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
OSPF
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
28
packet error statistics:
IP received my own packet
OSPF wrong version
OSPF wrong area id
OSPF wrong virtual link
OSPF wrong authentication key
OSPF packet size > ip length
OSPF interface down
HELLO: netmask mismatch
HELLO: dead timer mismatch
HELLO: router id confusion
HELLO: NBMA neighbor unknown
DD: router id confusion
DD: unknown LSA type
LS ACK: wrong ack
LS ACK: unknown LSA type
LS REQ: empty request
LS UPD: neighbor state low
0: OSPF wrong packet type
0: OSPF wrong checksum
0: OSPF area mismatch
15: OSPF wrong authentication type
0: OSPF too small packet
0: OSPF transmit error
0: OSPF unknown neighbor
0: HELLO: hello timer mismatch
0: HELLO: extern option mismatch
0: HELLO: virtual neighbor unknown
0: DD: neighbor state low
0: DD: extern option mismatch
0: LS ACK: neighbor state low
0: LS ACK: duplicate ack
0: LS REQ: neighbor state low
0: LS REQ: wrong request
0: LS UPD: newer self-generate LSA
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0:
0:
0:
0:
0:
LS UPD: LSA checksum wrong
LS UPD: unknown LSA type
DD: MTU option mismatch
OPQ-9 : out of flooding scope
OPQ-11 : out of flooding scope
0: LS UPD: received less recent LSA
0: OSPF routing: next hop not exist
0: ROUTETYPE: wrong type value
0: OPQ-10 : out of flooding scope
 Note:
From the error information, we can see that the error lies in mismatch of authentication type.
5.6 Configuration Reference
5.6.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
5.6.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTA-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
5)
Run the area authentication
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5
6)
Authenticate use of port
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 huawei
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II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
5)
Run the area authentication
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5
6)
Authenticate use of port
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 huawei
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Chapter 6 STUB Area Configuration Guide
6.1 Networking and Service Introduction
Figure 6-1





On the basis of introducing the external route to the multi-area OSPF, configure
area 1 to STUB area.
The Stub area is a special type of OSPF area, which does not receive or
disseminate type-5 LSA (AS-external-LSAs). For the network that generates
plenty of type-5 LSA, such processing mode can shorten the LSDB of the router in
the Stub area effectively, and relieve the occupation of SPF computation for the
router resources. Generally, the Stub area is located at the border of the
autonomous system.
To ensure that the packets from the Stub area to the autonomous system can be
forwarded correctly, the ABR of the Stub area will release a default route to this
area, and only disseminates packets in this area.
Creat vlan 2 and vlan 3 on switch, on RTD configures static routes towards vlan2
and vlan 3. On ospf view import static these static routes.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
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6.2 Command Line List
Table 6-1
Operation
Version
Command
Configure an area to be the STUB
area
VRP 3.30
stub [ no-summary ]
VRP 5.10
stub [ no-summary ]
Configure the cost of the default route
transmitted by OSPF to the STUB
area
VRP 3.30
default-cost value
VRP 5.10
default-cost value
6.3 Configuration Procedure
1)
Configure area 1 to stub
6.4 Result Verification
6.4.1 Before Configuration:
Display the lsdb and routing-table of RTA before configure stub area.
[RTA]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
LinkState ID
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
4.4.4.4
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
1.1.1.1
1661 24
0
2.2.2.2
1651 36
80000008
1.1.1.1
1661 48
8000000b
1.1.1.1
1661 32
80000006
2.2.2.2
1644 28
80000005
2.2.2.2
1644 28
80000004
2.2.2.2
1644 28
80000005
2.2.2.2
1644 28
80000005
2.2.2.2
1644 28
80000005
2.2.2.2
323 28
80000001
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1 Uninitialized
1564 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
1562 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
Type LinkState ID
ASE 110.1.1.0
ASE 110.1.2.0
AS External Database:
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
4.4.4.4
326 36
80000001
4.4.4.4
326 36
80000001
Metric Where
1 Uninitialized
1 Uninitialized
Type
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
ASB
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
110.1.1.0/24
O_ASE
150
110.1.2.0/24
O_ASE
150
32
Cost
0
2
1564
1565
0
0
1564
1
1
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
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Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
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127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
0
0
10
0
0
1563
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
6.4.2 After Configuring Area 1 to Stub
Notes: The following information describe the different results of the commands
“stub” and “stub no-summary”
These are the results when you use the command
“ [RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub”
[RTA]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.2
0.0.0.0
2.2.2.2
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
1.1.1.1
96 24
0
2.2.2.2
91 36
8000001a
1.1.1.1
96 48
8000001b
2.2.2.2
91 32
80000002
2.2.2.2
111 28
80000002
2.2.2.2
107 28
80000001
2.2.2.2
107 28
80000001
2.2.2.2
107 28
80000001
2.2.2.2
111 28
80000002
2.2.2.2
107 28
80000001
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
0.0.0.0/0
OSPF
10
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
2.2.2.2/32
OSPF
10
3.3.3.3/32
OSPF
10
4.4.4.4/32
OSPF
10
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
Cost
2
0
2
1564
1565
0
0
1564
0
0
1563
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1 Uninitialized
1 Uninitialized
1564 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
1562 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
Nexthop
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.2
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
Interface
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
 Note:
1．If you still find AS External Database on RTA, reset ospf process on RTA.
2．The default route of RTA is type-3 LSA and is generated by ABR-RTB.
3．Take a look at the routing table of RTA: The external route disappears, and a new default route appears,
but inter-area routes still exist.
4．In order to further shorten the lsdb and the routing table, use the no-summary parameter on the
ABR-RTB.
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These are the results when you use the command
“ [RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] stub no-summary ”
”
[RTA]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
LinkState ID
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
0.0.0.0
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
Metric Where
1.1.1.1
65 24
0
0 SpfTree
2.2.2.2
60 36
8000001f
0 SpfTree
1.1.1.1
65 48
80000007
0 SpfTree
1.1.1.1
65 32
80000002
0 SpfTree
2.2.2.2
69 28 80000004
1 Uninitialized
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Table: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
0.0.0.0/0
OSPF
10
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
2
0
0
0
0
0
Nexthop
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
6.5 Configuration Reference
6.5.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
34
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Interface
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
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III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
IV. Configure RTD
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTD
[RTD]interface loopback 0
[RTD-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
[RTD-LoopBack0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/1
[RTD-Ethernet0/1]ip address 10.3.3.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/1]quit
V. Configure switch
[Quidway]sysname switch
[switch]vlan 2
[switch-vlan2]quit
[switch]vlan 3
[switch-vlan3]quit
[switch]interface vlan 1
[switch-Vlan-interface1]ip address 10.3.3.2 255.255.255.252
[switch-Vlan-interface1]quit
[switch]interface vlan 2
[switch-Vlan-interface2]ip address 110.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
[switch-Vlan-interface2]quit
[switch]interface vlan 3
[switch-Vlan-interface3]ip address 110.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
[switch]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.3.3.1
6.5.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 1
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
4)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
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II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
5)
Create area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
6)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
Run OSPF
[RTC]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
5)
Create area 2
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
6)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
IV. Configure Router D
1)
Specify Router ID
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
2)
Run OSPF
[RTD]ospf 1
3)
Create area 2
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
4)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
5)
Configure static routes towords vlan 2 and vlan 3
[RTD]ip route-static 110.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.3.3.2
[RTD]ip route-static 110.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.3.3.2
6)
On ospf view import these static routes
[RTD-ospf-1]import-route static
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6.5.3 Configure stub area
I. Set area 1 of RTA to Stub
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
II. Set area 1 of RTB to stub. Since RTB is ABR, set stub no-summary
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
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Chapter 7 NSSA Area Configuration Guide
7.1 Networking and Service Description
Figure 7-1




Four routers RTA, RTB, RTC and RTD run the OSPF concurrently. As shown in
the figure, RTA and RTB belong to area 1, RTB and RTC belong to area 0, and
RTC and RTD belong to area 2.
Set area 1 and area 2 to NSSA area.
Four routers use their respective loopback as their router ID.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
7.2 Command Line List
Table 7-1
Operation
Configure Router ID
Enable OSPF and Enter the OSPF
View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run the OSPF protocol in the
specified network segment
38
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
Ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
Ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
Area area-id
Area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
network ip-address wildcard-mask
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Operation
Configure an area to be the STUB
area
Configure the cost of the default
route transmitted by OSPF to the
STUB area
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Command
Nssa [ default-route-advertise ]
[ no-import-route ] [ no-summary ]
Nssa [ default-route-advertise ]
[ no-import-route ] [ no-summary ]
default-cost cost
default-cost cost
7.3 Configuration Flow
Designate Router ID
Run OSPF
Create area
Set NSSA area
Advertise network
Redistribute
route
Figure 7-2
7.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Specify the router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as a
router ID.
2)
Run the OSPF
In system-view, run the OSPF. Apply the default OSPF process 1.
3)
Create an area
In the OSPF view, create an area. Different routers correspond to different area codes.
For example, area 0 and area 1 should be created on RTB.
4)
Set NSSA area
Input NSSA in the OSPF area view, and set the corresponding area to NSSA area.
5)
Declare network
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Declare network in the corresponding Area view. Different routers declare different
networks. For example, area 0 in router RTB declares 192.2.2.0/30.
6)
OSPF introduces external route
Introduce a straight route on the edge route RTA.
7.5 Result Verification
1)
Use the “ping/tracert” to verify the connectivity of OSPF network.
[RTA] ping 10.2.2.2
PING 10.2.2.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=30
Reply from 10.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=29
Reply from 10.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=29
Reply from 10.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=28
Reply from 10.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=29
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
--10.20.20.2 ping statistics-5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 28/29/3 ms
[RTA]tracert 10.2.2.2
traceroute to 10.2.2.2(10.2.2.2) 30 hops max,40 bytes packet
1 10.1.1.2 3 ms 1 ms 1 ms
2 192.2.2.1 21 ms 19 ms 20 ms
3 10.2.2.2 21 ms 21 ms 21 ms
2)
40
Use the “display ip routing-table” command to check the routing table entry of the
router.
[RTA]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.1/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/24
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/24
OSPF
10
Cost
0
0
0
1564
0
0
3125
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
<RTB>display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
O_NSSA
150
2.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.2/32
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.0/24
OSPF
10
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/24
OSPF
10
192.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
Cost
1
0
0
0
1563
0
0
3124
0
0
0
Nexthop
10.1.1.1
127.0.0.1
10.1.1.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
192.2.2.2
192.2.2.1
127.0.0.1
Interface
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
<RTC>display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
1.1.1.1/32
O_ASE
150
3.3.3.3/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
10.2.2.0/24
DIRECT
0
Cost
1
0
1563
0
Nexthop
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
10.2.2.1
Interface
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Ethernet0/0
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10.2.2.1/32
127.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.1/32
192.2.2.0/24
192.2.2.0/30
192.2.2.1/32
192.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
OSPF
DIRECT
DIRECT
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
<RTD>display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
4.4.4.4/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
10.2.2.0/24
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
0
0
0
0
3124
0
0
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.1
192.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
192.2.2.2
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Serial2/0
InLoopBack0
Serial2/0
Cost
0
1564
0
0
0
0
3125
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
 Note:
Use the “display ip routing-table” to check the routing entry of the router. Especially, a routing message
O_NSSA learned from the RTA exists on the RTB. Its type is LSA 7. Namely, the routing information
introduced from RTA is declared to the corresponding router in the area through type LSA 7.
In addition, one router RTC only contains routing information O_ASE. Its type is LSA 5. Namely, the
routing information of original LSA 7 has been changed to LSA5 by the ABR router (RTB) in the NSSA
area, and forwarded to other ordinary areas except STUB and NSSA in the OSPF. For this reason, the
area 2 fails to receive the routing information of 1.1.1.1/32.
3)
Use the “Display ospf lsdb” command to check the link database of the router:
<RTA>display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Link State Database
Type
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
NSSA
NSSA
LinkState ID
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
10.1.1.0
1.1.1.1
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
2.2.2.2
1518 36
8000000c
1.1.1.1
1286 36
8000001b
1.1.1.1
1595 32
80000007
2.2.2.2
1403 28
80000008
2.2.2.2
1403 28
80000007
1.1.1.1
1284 36
80000001
1.1.1.1
1029 36
80000002
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
3124 Uninitialized
1563 Uninitialized
1 Nssa List
1 Nssa List
All areas is NSSA area, AS external database is disabled.
<RTB>display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
192.2.2.0
192.2.2.0
2.2.2.2
3.3.3.3
10.1.1.0
10.2.2.0
Type LinkState ID
Area: 0.0.0.0
AdvRouter
Age
2.2.2.2
2027
3.3.3.3
1978
2.2.2.2
227
3.3.3.3
179
2.2.2.2
112
3.3.3.3
57
Len Sequence
24
0
24
0
48
80000013
48
80000010
28
80000009
28
80000008
Area: 0.0.0.1
AdvRouter
Age Len
Sequence
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1 Inter List
1 Uninitialized
Metric Where
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Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
NSSA
NSSA
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
10.1.1.1
192.2.2.0
10.2.2.0
10.1.1.0
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
2.2.2.2
2.2.2.2
1.1.1.1
1.1.1.1
Type LinkState ID
ASE 1.1.1.1
227
307
307
112
112
92
1541
36
36
32
28
28
36
36
AS External Database:
AdvRouter
Age Len
2.2.2.2
1461 36
8000000d
8000001c
80000008
80000009
80000008
80000002
80000002
Sequence
80000003
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
3124 Inter List
1563 Inter List
1 Uninitialized
1 Uninitialized
Metric Where
1 Ase List
[RTC]display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
Link State Database
Type
Stub
Stub
Rtr
Rtr
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
192.2.2.0
192.2.2.0
2.2.2.2
3.3.3.3
10.1.1.0
10.2.2.0
Type
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
10.2.2.1
10.1.1.0
192.2.2.0
Type LinkState ID
ASE 1.1.1.1
Area: 0.0.0.0
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
2.2.2.2
-1 24
0
3.3.3.3
-1 24
0
2.2.2.2
548 48
80000013
3.3.3.3
499 48
80000010
2.2.2.2
434 28
80000009
3.3.3.3
376 28
80000008
Area: 0.0.0.2
AdvRouter
Age Len
4.4.4.4
1126 36
3.3.3.3
499 36
3.3.3.3
499 32
3.3.3.3
376 28
3.3.3.3
376 28
Sequence
8000000f
8000000d
80000009
80000008
8000000a
AS External Database:
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
2.2.2.2
32 36
80000004
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1 Uninitialized
1 Inter List
Metric
0
0
0
1563
3124
Where
Clist
SpfTree
SpfTree
Inter List
Inter List
Metric Where
1 Uninitialized
<RTD>display ospf lsdb
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
Link State Database
Type
Rtr
Rtr
Net
SNet
SNet
LinkState ID
4.4.4.4
3.3.3.3
10.2.2.1
10.1.1.0
192.2.2.0
Area: 0.0.0.2
AdvRouter
Age Len Sequence
4.4.4.4
1337 36
8000000f
3.3.3.3
711 36
8000000d
3.3.3.3
711 32
80000009
3.3.3.3
589 28
80000008
3.3.3.3
589 28
8000000a
Metric Where
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
0 SpfTree
1563 Uninitialized
3124 Uninitialized
 Note:
By displaying the link state database, the change of LSA in each area is evident.
7.6 FAQ
Q: What is the difference between the Stub area and the NSSA area?
A: The difference between the NSSA area and the Stub area lies in that the former
owns the features of Stub and can introduce external routing information, and make its
route transferred in the NSSA area in the form of LSA7.
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Q: After introducing an external route from area 1, RTD fails to learn this routing
information.
A: NSSA owns the Stub features. Namely, the ABR router in the Stub area filters the
routing information of LSA 5. The routing information introduced from area 1 is
transferred in the form of LSA 5. After reaching RTC, the information is filtered out by
the RTC and cannot be transferred to RTD.
7.7 Additional Task
1)
In
the
existent
conditions,
after
inputting
nssa
no-import-route/no-summary/default-route-advertise” into area 2 of RTC, how will
the routing tables and link databases of other routers change?
7.8 Configuration Reference
7.8.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
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IV. Configure RTD
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTD
[RTD]interface loopback 0
[RTD-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
[RTD-LoopBack0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]quit
7.8.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 1
[RTA-ospf-1]area 1
4)
Import the direct routes
[RTA-ospf-1]import-route direct
5)
Configure NSSA area
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
6)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
5)
Create area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
6)
Configure NSSA area
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]nssa
7)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
44
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[RTC]ospf
3)
Create area 0
[RTC-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
5)
Create area 2
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
6)
Configure NSSA area
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
7)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
IV. Configure RTD
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTD]ospf
3)
Create area 2
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
4)
Configure NSSA area
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
5)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
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Chapter 8 Virtual Link Configuration Guide
8.1 Networking and Service Description
Figure 8-1




Four routers RTA, RTB, RTC and RTD run the OSPF concurrently. As shown in
the figure, RTA and RTB belong to area 0, RTB and RTC belong to area 1, and
RTC and RTD belong to area 2.
A virtual link is set up between router RTB and router RTC.
The four routers use their respective loopback as their respective router ID.
All router’s version are VRP versions 3.30, RELEASE 0008
8.2 Command Line List
Table 8-1
Operation
Configure Router ID
Enable OSPF and Enter the OSPF
View
Enter OSPF Area view
Run the OSPF protocol in the
specified network segment
46
Version
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
VRP 3.30
VRP 5.10
Command
router id router-id
router id router-id
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
ospf [ process-id ] [ router-id router-id ]
Area area-id
Area area-id
network ip-address wildcard-mask
network ip-address wildcard-mask
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Operation
Version
VRP 3.30
Create and configure a virtual link
VRP 5.10
Command
vlink-peer router-id [ hello seconds]
[ retransmit seconds ] [ trans-delay seconds ]
[ dead seconds] [ simple password | md5
keyid key ]
vlink-peer router-id [ hello seconds]
[ retransmit seconds ] [ trans-delay seconds ]
[ dead seconds] [ simple [ plain | cipher]
password | { md5 | hmac-md5 keyid [ plain |
cipher ] key } ]
8.3 Configuration Flow
Specify Router
ID
R
Run OSPF
Create an area
Declare network
Establish a
virtual link
with the
corresponding
Figure 8-2
8.4 Configuration Procedure
1)
Specify the router ID
In system-view, specify a router ID. Generally, the Loopback address is used as a
router ID.
2)
Run the OSPF
In system-view, run the OSPF. Apply the default OSPF process 1.
3)
Create an area
In the OSPF view, create an area. Different routers correspond to different area codes.
For example, area 0 and area 1 should be created on RTB.
4)
Declare network
Declare network in the corresponding Area view. Different routers declare different
networks. For example, area 0 in router RTB declares 192.2.2.0/30.
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5)
Set up a virtual link on the corresponding router.
Set a virtual link on the corresponding router in the Area view. For example, set up a
virtual link on RTB in the OSPF area view. The IP is the ID of the far-end router.
8.5 Result Verification
1)
Use the “ping/tracert” command to verify the connectivity of OSPF network.
<RTD>ping 10.1.1.1
PING 10.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 210.11.180.18 : bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253
Reply from 210.11.180.18 : bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253
Reply from 210.11.180.18 : bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253
Reply from 210.11.180.18 : bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253
Reply from 210.11.180.18 : bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253
time=29
time=29
time=29
time=29
time=29
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
--10.10.10.1 ping statistics-5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 29/29/3 ms
<RTD>tracert 10.1.1.1
traceroute to 10.1.1.1(10.1.1.1) 30 hops max,40 bytes packet
1 10.2.2.1 10 ms 1 ms 2 ms
2 192.2.2.2 20 ms 19 ms 19 ms
3 10.1.1.1 30 ms 21 ms 20 ms
2)
Use the “display ip routing-table” command to check the routing table entry of the
router.
<RTD>display ip routing-table
Routing Tables: public net
Destination/Mask
Protocol Pre
4.4.4.4/32
DIRECT
0
10.1.1.0/30
OSPF
10
10.2.2.0/30
DIRECT
0
10.2.2.2/32
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.0/8
DIRECT
0
127.0.0.1/32
DIRECT
0
192.2.2.0/30
OSPF
10
Cost
0
1564
0
0
0
0
1563
Nexthop
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
10.2.2.2
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1
10.2.2.1
Interface
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
Ethernet0/0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
InLoopBack0
Ethernet0/0
 Note:
Since area 2 is not connected to area 0 directly, the routing table of RTD has no route in area 0. Use
“display ip routing-table” to check whether the routing information of area 0 is learned successfully on RTD,
and hence verify the successful establishment of virtual link.
3)
In addition, use the “display ospf vlink” command to check the state of virtual link.
[RTB]display ospf vlink
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Virtual Links
Virtual-link Neighbor-id -> 3.3.3.3, State: Full
Interface 192.2.2.2 (Serial2/0)
Cost: 1562 State: PtoP
Type: Virtual
Transit Area: 0.0.0.1
Timers : Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 0, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
[RTC]display ospf vlink
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
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Virtual Links
Virtual-link Neighbor-id -> 2.2.2.2, State: Full
Interface 192.2.2.1 (Serial2/0)
Cost: 1562 State: PtoP
Type: Virtual
Transit Area: 0.0.0.1
Timers : Hello 10, Dead 40, Poll 0, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1
 Note:
The virtual link is established on the ABR router between Area0 and Area2. We can use “display ospf vlink”
to check the state of virtual link. As shown in the information displayed above, the state of the current
virtual link is in the Full state, and the LSDB of both parties is synchronous.
8.6 FAQ
Q: Can the virtual link cross two or more non-backbone areas? Or cross backbone
area?
A: No. Virtual links can only cross non-backbone areas, and can cross only one
non-backbone area.
Q: What is virtual link? What are its functions?
A: Virtual link means the link directed to the backbone area through the tunnel in the
area. The OSPF defines all non-backbone areas must be connected with the backbone
directly to prevent loop, but the virtual link enables the area disconnected from the
backbone area to get connected with the backbone area virtually.
8.7 Configuration Reference
8.7.1 Configure the Port
I. Configure RTA
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTA
[RTA]interface loopback 0
[RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
[RTA-LoopBack0]quit
[RTA]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
[RTA-Ethernet0/0]quit
II. Configure RTB
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTB
[RTB]interface loopback 0
[RTB-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
[RTB-LoopBack0]quit
[RTB]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Ethernet0/0]quit
[RTB]interface serial 2/0
[RTB-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTB-Serial2/0]quit
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III. Configure RTC
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTC
[RTC]interface loopback 0
[RTC-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
[RTC-LoopBack0]quit
[RTC]interface Ethernet 0/0
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Ethernet2/0]quit
[RTC]interface serial 2/0
[RTC-Serial2/0]ip address 192.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTC-Serial2/0]quit
IV. Configure RTD
<Quidway>system-view
[Quidway]sysname RTD
[RTD]interface loopback 0
[RTD-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
[RTD-LoopBack0]quit
[RTD]interface ethernet 0/0
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.252
[RTD-Ethernet0/0]quit
8.7.2 OSPF Configuration
I. Configure RTA
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTA]router id 1.1.1.1
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTA]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTA-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
II. Configure RTB
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTB]router id 2.2.2.2
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTB]ospf 1
3)
Create area 0
[RTB-ospf-1]area 0
4)
Create area 1
[RTB-ospf-1]area 1
5)
Declare network in the area 0 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
6)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
7)
50
Establish a virtual link in the area 1 view
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[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 3.3.3.3
III. Configure RTC
1)
Specify the router ID
[RTC]router id 3.3.3.3
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTC]ospf
3)
Create area 1
[RTC-ospf-1]area 1
4)
Create area 2
[RTC-ospf-1]area 2
5)
Declare network in the area 1 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
6)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
7)
Establish a virtual link in the area 1 view
[RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]vlink-peer 2.2.2.2
IV. Configure RTD
1)
Router ID
[RTD]router id 4.4.4.4
2)
Run the OSPF
[RTD]ospf 1
3)
Create area 2
[RTD-ospf-1]area 2
4)
Declare network in the area 2 view
[RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.3
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