Dhaka City College
Department of Business Administration
Prepared for the students of 5th Semester under BBA
Professionals Program
Course: Tourism and Hospitality Management (510145)
Prepared By
Nasrin Sultana
Associate Professor
Department of Business
Administration
Dhaka City College
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Sania Magfur
Lecturer
Department of Business
Administration
Dhaka City College
Afroza Rahmat Rinky
Lecturer
Department of Business
Administration
Dhaka City College
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Part 1
Chapter 01
Tourism in Perspective
Tourism Overview
Chapter 02
Tourism through the ages
Part 2
Chapter 04
World, national, regional and other organizations
How tourism is organized
Chapter 05
Passenger Transportation
Chapter 06
Hospitality and related services
Chapter 07
Organizations in the distribution process
Chapter 08
Attractions, Entertainment, Recreation and others
Part 3
Chapter 09
Motivation for pleasure travel
Understanding travel behavior
Chapter 10
Cultural and international tourism for life's enrichment
Chapter 11
Sociology of tourism
Part 4
Chapter 12
Tourism components and supply
Tourism supply, demand, policy, planning and
Chapter 13
Measuring and forecasting demand
development
Chapter 14
Tourism's economic impact
Chapter 15
Tourism policy
Chapter 16
Tourism planning, development and social
consideration
Chapter 17
Tourism and the environment
Part 5
Chapter 19
Tourism Marketing
Tourism marketing and future
Chapter 20
Future of tourism
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Part 1: Tourism Overview
Ch-1: Tourism in perspective
1. Define tourism. What are the different perspectives of tourism?
2. Briefly discuss the components of tourism and tourism management.
3. Explain the basic approaches to the study of tourism.
4. Briefly explain the benefits and costs if tourism.
5. Who is called tourist?
6. Differentiate between 1) tourist and traveler, 2) tourism and travel, 3) Domestic and
International Tourism
Ch-2: Tourism through the ages
1.Briefly explain the contribution of Sumerians and Egyptian in the early beginning of tourism.
2.What do you mean by “Grand Tour”? How was the accommodation facilities during early
tourism period?
3.Briefly explain the contribution of first travel agent in tourism sector?
4.What are the early and later tourist attractions?
5.Briefly discuss the historic transportation.
6. Explain the chronological orders of travel.
Part 2: How tourism is organized
Ch-4: World, National, Regional, and other organizations
1. How can tourism organization contribute in tourism sector?
2. Highlight the roles of UNWTO and WTTC.
3. How can our country’s national tourism organizations contribute in tourism sector?
Ch-5: Passenger Transportation
1. Comprehend the importance transportation in tourism.
2. How did the airline industry feel the impact on tourism?
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3. Narrate the domination of the automobile in travel.
4. Explain the role of rail industry and cruise industry in tourism.
Ch-6: Hospitality and Related Services
1. Briefly discuss the role of food service industry in tourism
2. Illustrate the current trends in resorts and timesharing modes of operation.
3. Why meetings and conventions, as well as meeting planners, are so important to tourism?
4. Who is the typical lodging customer?
5. Who is culinary tourist?
6. What is culinary tourism?
7. Write short notes on 1) Bed and breakfasts 2) Timeshare resort
Ch-7: Organizations in the Distribution Process
1. Who is called travel agent?
2. Discuss the role of travel agents and their dominance in the distribution system.
3. Explain the growing impact of the internet on the distribution system.
4. Narrate the role of the tour wholesaler.
5. Who are called specialty channelers?
6. Discuss the tourism channel of distribution.
7. Differentiate between TO and TA.
Ch-8: Attractions, Entertainment, Recreation and Other
1. Briefly explain the role of attractions, recreations and shopping facility.
2. Illustrate the classification of attractions.
Part 3: Understanding travel behavior
Ch-9: Motivation for pleasure travel
1. What does travel motivation studies include? Mention the major reasons behind tourist travel.
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2. Briefly explain the requirements of a sound theory of tourist motivation.
3. Describe the main sources of travel motivation.
4. Discuss the considerable factors to focus on customers in tourism industry.
5. Explain the hierarchy of Maslow's "Travel Career Need" theory.
6. Briefly explain the development of motivation models.
Ch-10: Cultural and International Tourism for Life's Enrichment
1. Discuss the importance of culture in tourism.
2. Briefly explain the cultural variables influencing the attractiveness of a tourism region.
3. Who has developed the concept of "Life -Seeing Tourism"? Explain the different aspects of life
seeing tourism.
4. What do you mean by romance of pleasure of tourism?
5. How to develop and promote the cultural elements of tourism?
6. What do you mean by anthropography( Geography of humankind) of tourism?
7. Explain the categories of travel experiences as identified by Valene L. Smith.
8. Mention the different types of tourist appeals.
Ch-11: Sociology of Tourism
1. What do you mean by sociology of tourism.
2. Briefly explain the different effects of sociology of tourism.
3. Describe the concept of "Life characteristics and travel".
4. How group travel patterns have emerged? Explain.
5. How travelling is associated with life characteristics and stages of family?
6. What is social tourism? Explain the elements of social tourism.
7. Describe the major social effects of tourism.
8. Mention the four extremes related to the travel preferences of international tourists.
Part 4
Tourism supply, demand, policy, planning and development
Chapter 12- Tourism Components and Supply
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1. In planning supply components for a development in an entirely new area, which one of the
four components should be considered first? Last? Why?
2. When a gorgeous new resort is opened for business, are the attractive physical facilities more
important than the quality and training of the staff?
3. As a resort hotel manager, do you believe your guests need to be educated about
environmental protection? Do you need to educate your staff?
4. In a poor, developing country, a world-class hotel uses about half of the community’s water
supply. This requires rationing of water by the local people, which creates resentment. Suggest a
partial solution to this problem.
5. For new developments, should the access roads be supplied by a government agency, the
developer, or both? If both, who should supply what?
6. What might be appropriate costumes and uniforms for waiters and waitresses in various
localities?
7. The sports director of a large resort hotel has been instructed to upgrade the hotel’s physical
fitness program. Provide some suggestions as to how this might be done.
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8. Is changing the prices of hotel rooms, meals, and entertainment the best way to mitigate
fluctuating levels of demand? Are there non price methods? Could combinations of methods be
used?
9. Why infrastructure is important for tourism growth vision? Explain.
10. Is demand for tourism elastic or inelastic? Describe your stand with proper points.
11. Describe the non-price factors that affect tourist demand.
12. Write down keynotes on the following concepts:

accommodations

cultural resources


entertainment,
recreation, and other activities





hospitality resources
hotel management
infrastructure
multiple use natural resources
peaks and valleys of demand





price differentials
Seasonality
shopping superstructure
supply components
task analysis




timesharing transportation
Bleisure Travel
Automation
Personalization

Sustainable Tourism
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Chapter 13- Measuring and Forecasting Demand
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1. Why are demand data so important? Give examples. By whom are demand data used?
2. Explain why resistance to make a trip is inversely related to demand. Are there situations with
which you are familiar? Explain.
3. Describe in detail the three factors that determine propensity to travel. Create an example
using all three of these major elements.
4. What determines the degree of resistance to travel experiences? Considering the five factors
described in this chapter, give an example involving: (1) an irresistible travel offer, and (2) a
seasonal travel product.
5. Using the three measures of demand presented, describe a situation in which each one of
these would be the most meaningful.
6. A state tourism director wants to convince the legislature to increase the promotion budget
for the next fiscal year. What measure of demand should be used? How might these data be
obtained?
7. How much faith should be placed in mathematical models of demand projection? What
characteristics of input data affect the degree of reliability?
8. A national lodging chain is planning expansion. What are the best methods for estimating
future demand?
9. How valuable is trend analysis?
10. What is the Delphi method?
Chapter 14- Tourism’s Economic Impact
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1. What is meant by optimization?
2. Discuss how an airline executive might use tourism economics relating to passenger loadfactors, ticket prices, discounts, frequent-flyer programs, joint fares, and flight frequencies.
3. Selecting one form of public transportation, enumerate the economic constraints that affect
this business.
4. A full-service restaurant is considering having an elaborate buffet dinner three nights a week.
What constraints are likely to bear on this consideration?
5. Define tourism exports and imports in terms of national economies.
6. Explain how international tourism could assist in reducing the current sizable U.S. trade deficit.
How could it increase the deficit?
7. Give several reasons why a hotel’s purchasing director should be familiar with the income
multiplier phenomenon.
8. Trace how tourist expenditures in a community provide financial support to the public library.
9. Enumerate various methods by which a community can at least partially overcome seasonality
of tourism demand.
10. Why is a tourism satellite account considered to be the best way to measure tourism’s impact
on the economy?
11. Write down notes on the following concepts:


balance of payments
demand


direct impact
economic impact




employment
exports and imports
income elasticity
indirect impact


inflationary pressure
leakage
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




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multipliers
optimization
price elasticity
price inelasticity
tax revenue
tourism satellite account
Chapter 15- Tourism Policy
1. What is a tourism policy, and why is it important for a tourism destination to have a formal
policy?
2. Why might a major stakeholder not wish to participate in the policy process?
3. How might tourism policy differ from countries, states/ provinces, and cities? Why might it
differ?
4. How would you identify and choose the stakeholders who should be involved in the
formulation of a tourism policy for a region? Is there anyone whom you feel should be excluded
from the process?
5. What are the implications of no involvement in policy formulation by a major stakeholder?
6. What is the difference between a tourism policy and a tourism strategy?
7. Who should be in charge of policy formulation?
8. What are the most important interfaces of tourism policy; that is, which other sectors of the
economy and society need to be aware of tourism policy or might have a significant impact on
the success of tourism policy?
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9. What do you see as the major barriers to successful policy formulation for tourism?
10. Must there be total consensus by all stakeholders on the content of a region’s tourism policy?
If not, how would you determine if there was adequate support for the different components of
a policy?
11. How frequently should the policy formulation process take place for a destination? Why?
12. Why is a vision especially important for policy formulation? How long into the future should
a vision attempt to define an ideal future?
13. Implementation of policy recommendations is often a problem. What do you see as the major
barriers to the implementation of policy? Why do they exist? How might these barriers be
overcome?
14. Why are ethics important?
15. Can good tourism policy help alleviate poverty?
16. How do government policies on passports and visas impact tourism?
Chapter 16 – Tourism Planning, Development and Social Consideration
1. What are the factors that determine the success of a tourism destination that the tourism
manager can control?
2. What is destination competitiveness?
3. Basically, what is the purpose of planning?
4. Discuss the importance of transportation to tourism development.
5. Discuss the most important factors that would influence the success of a newly built resort.
6. Why is tourism developmental planning so necessary?
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7. What are some of the most significant relationships between a large-size resort development
and its nearby community?
8. Referring to the previous question, if the community is a rather small one, should any input be
solicited from residents of the community before major remodeling or new construction is
undertaken?
9. What goals should guide the land-use plan of a small lakeshore village that is popular with
summer visitors?
10. Provide some descriptions of the importance of infrastructure to the following: ski resort,
summer campground, fishing pier, public marina, shopping center, and resort apartment
condominium project.
11. From planning to completed project, name the principal individuals and organizations that
would be involved.
12. Do you agree with the statement that if a community’s government and business leaders are
resistant or passive toward tourism, development will lag?
13. Currently, heritage preservation is a popular trend. Is it a desirable one?
14. Would you encourage tourism development if your community and area were already very
prosperous?
15. Enumerate various kinds of environmental pollution that unwise developments can create.
16. How could greater emphasis be placed on the importance of a development process in which
meticulous attention is given to the environment to create a harmonious combination of natural
assets and human-made facilities?
17. Write down notes on the following concepts:


architectural recommendations
creating infrastructure


goals of tourism development
heritage preservation l

and use


obstacles to development
official tourism body
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




planning process
policy formulation
political aspects
preservation and environmentalism
transportation

zoning
Chapter 17- Tourism and The Environment
1. What is the definition of sustainable development?
2. What is the definition of sustainable tourism?
3. What is the agenda for sustainable tourism?
4. Why is climate change important to tourism?
5. What exactly is ecotourism?
6. Why are there so many different terms for this idea?
7. Why has this concept become so popular?
8. Give some examples of the resources necessary for an ecotourism destination.
9. Are resources other than natural ones involved? Are these meaningful? Explain.
10. Describe the role of local people in ecotourism and in sustainable development.
11. Why are preservation planning principles so important?
12. What should be the goals of ecotourism for a tour company? For the eco tourist? For the
localpopulation? For the local government? For a conservation organization?
13. Differentiate ecotourism policy in developing and developed countries.
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14. Identify the principal limitations to ecotourism.
15. Referring to question 14, state some ways that these limitations might be ameliorated.
16. Why is capacity so important?
17. Why is it important to identify the values on which tourism development is based?
18. Of what use are ‘‘principles’’ in implementing recommendations to achieve sustainable
tourism?
19. How much will consumers pay for environmentally friendly tourism?
20. Discuss the opportunities and challenges of ecotourism in Bangladesh.
21. How to develop ecotourism policies and strategies? Discuss.
22. Give some examples of STD practices in Bangladesh.
23. Stress the role of ecotourism in the economic development of a country.
24. Ecotourism and biodiversity- match the philosophies.
25. Write short notes on the following organizations.







IUCN
WTTC
UNEP
Greenpeace
WWF
BELA
BAPA
26. Give some examples of sustainable tourism practices around the world.
27. Theory to practices of ecotourism: Show the major obstacles
28. Discuss the negative environmental impacts of tourism
Part 5: Essentials of tourism research and marketing
Ch-19: Tourism Marketing
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1. Explain the concept of marketing in tourism.
2. What are the factors that a marketing manager needs to consider to design tourism marketing
mix? Explain the factors.
3. How the 4p's of marketing affect the tourism industry?
4. Discuss the 4p's of marketing mix with additional 3p's relevant to tourism.
5. What are the main functions of product/experience branding?
6. Explain the significance of product life cycle in product planning and development of tourism.
7. What do you mean by service quality in tourism?
8. Describe the three strategies of pricing in making decisions of tourism? Briefly explain the
factors that influence the pricing policy.
9. What are the steps of selecting distribution channels in tourism?
10. What is promotion? What are the four steps of selling a product in tourism sector?
11. Briefly explain the bases for market segmentation in tourism industry.
Ch-20: Future of Tourism
1. Explain all the aspects of rapid growth of tourism in the third millenium.
2. Briefly explain the " World Tourism Forecast-2021" by using appropriate diagram.
3. What are the factors that affect the future growth and development of tourism?
4. Is there any relation between leisure time and tourism?
5. Briefly explain the global forces that influence the future growth of tourism.
6. "Technology may alter tourism facilities, products and services and indeed the travel experience
itself."- Explain.
7. How the policy makers will manage the future of tourism?
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