SIMULATION OF
PMSG MPPT WIND
TURBINE
Presented To:-
Prof . RINCHIN MOSOBI
FROM
THE
Presented By:-
FITZGERALDS
SOURAV AGARWAL (2K20/EE/270)
SUJAY SAKALKAR (2K20/EE/272)
FROM
THE
FITZGERALDS
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Renewable energy is energy that is generated
from natural processes that are continuously
replenished. This includes sunlight, geothermal
heat, wind, tides, water, and various forms of
biomass. This energy cannot be exhausted and
is constantly renewed. Generally, it indicates
energies that are non-traditional and have low
environmental impact.
Renewable energy often provides energy in
four important areas: electricity generation,
water heating/cooling, transportation, and rural
(off-grid) energy services.
WIND ENERGY
SYSTEM
Wind energy conversion systems convert the kinetic energy associated
with wind speed into electrical energy for feeding power to the grid. The
energy is captured by the blades of wind turbines whose rotor is connected
to the shaft of electric generators. The wind power rotates the turbine
blades which in turn drive the electric generators resulting in the generation
of electric power at the output of the machine. The power output from such
wind energy conversion systems depend on the wind speed and the pitch
angle of the turbine blades.
PERMANENT MAGNET
SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR
A permanent magnet synchronous generator is
a generator where the excitation field is
provided by a permanent magnet instead of a
coil. The term synchronous refers here to the
fact that the rotor and magnetic field rotate with
the same speed, because the magnetic field is
generated through a shaft mounted permanent
magnet mechanism and current is induced into
the stationary armature.
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) or
sometimes just power point tracking
(PPT), is a technique used with sources
with variable power to maximize energy
extraction under all conditions. The
technique is most commonly used with
photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, but can
also be used with wind turbines, optical
power
transmission
and
thermophotovoltaics. The two broad
classes of MPPT techniques used in wind
energy conversion systems are 1) sensorbased methods and 2) sensorless
techniques .
MAXIMUM POWER
POINT TRACKING
CURRENT WIND TURBINE
TECHNOLOGY
Fixed-speed
turbine systems
This type of wind generators
works only at constant wind
speed.
Squirrel-cage induction machines are generally used as the generator and they
are directly connected to the grid. Thus the grid frequency determines the speed
of the generator and the turbine rotor as well. This type of system is called a
single-speed WECS. A soft-starter is used to limit the high in-rush current (nearly
6 to 7 times the rated current for a squirrelcage induction machine) during
starting. Also, an induction generator draws reactive power from the grid and in
order to compensate the reactive power to support the voltage level, PF
compensator is used.
SIMULATION
OUTPUT
Variable-speed turbine systems
A variable speed wind turbine is one which is specifically designed to
operate over a wide range of rotor speeds. It is in direct contrast to fixed
speed wind turbine where the rotor speed is approximately constant. The
reason to vary the rotor speed is to capture the maximum aerodynamic
power in the wind, as the wind speed varies. The aerodynamic efficiency, or
coefficient of power, {\displaystyle C_{p}}C_{p} for a fixed blade pitch angle
is obtained by operating the wind turbine at the optimal tip-speed ratio
SIMULATION
OUTPUT
CALCULATION
Comparioson between Fixed Speed
and Variable speed turbine system
A fixed-speed wind turbine always spins at the same generator/rotor speed
during operation, regardless of the wind speed. Thus, the tip-speed ratio (TSR)
would change with wind speed and the rotor aerodynamic performance would
only be optimal at a given wind speed. The generator torque of a fixed-speed
wind is dictated solely by the induction generator (only small speed deviations
are expected as a result of the slip of the induction generator).
A variable-speed wind turbine allows the generator/rotor speed to vary
proportional to wind speed between cut-in and rated speed, thus maintaining
a constant TSR and optimal aerodynamic performance. Above rated speed, the
generator/rotor speed is then held constant. The torque must be actively
controlled.
CURRENT SCENARIO OF
WIND ENERGY IN INDIA
Approximately 10 million MW of wind energy is continuously available to
India. India's Power Finance Corporation Limited projects that current
and approved electricity capacity addition projects in India are expected
to add about 100 GW of installed capacity between 2012 and 2017. This
growth makes India one of the
fastest growing markets for
electricity
infrastructure
equipment. Of the 1.4 billion
people of the world who have
no access to electricity in the
world, India accounts for over
300 million
FUTURE OF WIND ENERGY IN INDIA
If we want to increase the power & energy by wind then we need to replace the
old turbines with new modern turbines. This replacement of wind turbines is called
Repowering. In this small capacity wind turbines have to be replaced by high
capacity wind turbines. Due to this installed capacity electricity output is
increased. Repowering is also an economically viable solution. Also we can look for
hybrid solutions- two renewable energy sources complementing each other. It
must be considered for places rich in more than one kind of source
Many challenges come in the way of wind power generation and a number of
problems are faced. Due to these problems future of wind energy has only been
deteriorating. If these challenges will be completely removed then India will set a
new record of generating power & energy by wind, and the market of wind power
generation will see an unprecedented growth. Wind power must strive to
gain with conventional generation sources on a basis of cost. Depending upon the
wind site that how energetic it is, wind farms may or may not be cost competitive.
FUTURE SCOPE OF
PROJECT
In the variable speed wind turbine model we can also
add the pitch angle control model which will handle the
the power output due to change in the pitch angle of
the wind turbine. We can also make a gearless wind
turbine model which will eliminate the losses that
occurs in the gear system.
Thank you!