Internet of Things-based Weather Station Muhammad Shahzaib Imran Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore, Pakistan i180864@lhr.nu.edu.pk Kashan Abdullah Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore, Pakistan l181319@lhr.nu.edu.pk Syed Ali Shahroze Abid Department of Electrical Engineering National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore, Pakistan l181286@lhr.nu.edu.pk Abstract—Weather monitoring is an important aspect of meteorology and has been one of the most challenging problems around the world. This paper deals with the structure of a weather display method using small cost components so that anyone with an interest in this technology can build it. The technology behind this is Internet of Things (IoT), which is an advanced and efficient solution for connecting a thing to the Internet and to connect the entire world of things in a network. The data updated from the implemented system can be accessed via Internet anywhere in the world. Weather events have numerous parameters that are not possible to detail and compute. Also, it is not possible to move heavy equipment for weather monitoring. To overcome this problem a wireless sensor is used which is connected to a microcontroller that only requires 3.3V to function properly. The system is movable and can be run on a small battery for a very long time; All it requires is a good internet connection to function properly. Index Terms—IOT, ESP32, DHT22, BLYNK I. I NTRODUCTION Weather is most useful environmental constraints in each stage of our life.Weather forecasts an important function in our daily lives. An excellent weather monitoring system help in the recovered development and any planning that may be necessary in case of difficult weather [1]-[2]. Current technology’s main focus is on controlling and monitoring of various activities. This monitoring is quickly beginning to meet human requirements. A good weather monitoring system is needed to monitor and evaluate the conditions in case of a premature change in the parameters. A sensor is placed at different places to record the data to check the weather conditions of a specific location. The aim of this paper is to design and implement an efficient temperature and humidity monitoring system that remotely uses internet and collects data from the sensor and stores it in the cloud during runtime and displays it on a mobile application. The sensor readings at each moment are updated on the app via cloud. II. R ELATED W ORK The Internet of Things It is the future technology of connecting the entire world at one place. All the objects, things and sensors can be connected to share the data obtained in various locations and process/analyses that data for coordinating the applications like traffic signalling, mobile health monitoring in medical applications and industrial safety ensuring methods, etc. As per the estimation of technological experts, 50 billion objects will be connected in IoT by 2020. IoT offers a wide range of connectivity of devices with various protocols and various properties of applications for obtaining the complete machine to machine interaction.The traditional technologies like home automation, wireless sensor networks and control systems will become more efficient and smarter due to involvement of IoT. IoT is having a wide range of application areas. Such as Medical applications for monitoring the health of a patient and sends the information wireless. The present developing Wearable instrumentation is also based on IoT. The example wearable instrumentation is Smart wrist bands, navigation pills, etc. All this methods require an internet interface to update the health info or to control the device with a smart phone. The IoT also plays a vital role in media applications for advertising and exchanging the information worldwide. The manufacturing processes also require IoT for supply chain management, digital control systems for monitoring the manufacturing processes. The space requirements of IoT technology, the geographical specifications are always important in case of tracking applications. The geographical dimensions of objects is also important while obtaining the data from the objects. IoT in automobile applications and traffic maintenance became a most using area of automation. The automated devices in a vehicle should be connected to a cloud to update the car health within a period of time. By connecting the vehicles and traffic signalling systems to the internet, people can easily find the shortest path for their destination from the traffic monitoring systems and can navigate automatically by checking all other directions[3]. IOT technology is beneficial to transport, farmers and their farmers may use to progress their crop productiveness and cost benefits with cultivating essential steps to expand weather hazards. So easy to escape of weather forecast will higher efficient and low risk to natural weather with dangers[4]. A very popular use of IoT is in weather monitoring systems. This is useful as it is very difficult to monitor different weather parameters through wired system architecture and analog devices in an agriculture zone during certain hazardous envy and critical situations. It is very important to measure the weather parameters in agriculture zone for the farmers which help to plan their farms according to the weather conditions[5]. Fig. 2. ESP32 It is a 4-pin device. Pin 1 is connected to the 5V. Pin 4 is connected to GND. Pin 2 is the output pin which gives input to the ESP32 pin D4. Pin 3 is left Unused. It consists of a humidity sensing component, a NTC temperature sensor and a IC on a backside of the sensor[7]. III. S YSTEM A RCHITECTURE The implemented system consists of a main block ESP32 and sensor is connected to the ESP32. ESP32 collects the information from the sensor, then its send a data to BLYNK Fig. 3. DHT22 Sensor Fig. 1. Block diagram of IoT based Weather Monitoring System IV. I MPLEMENTATION S ETUP A. Components Required: Hardware 1)ESP32 2)DHT22 Sensor B. Components Required: Software 1)ESP32 The ESP32 is dual core, this means it has 2 processors. It is the heart of the device. It provides the platform for IOT. All the other sensors are connected to this micro controller. They send the measured values to it and it uploads all the values to the cloud where the values are analyzed. It has WiFi and Bluetooth built-in. It runs 32-bit programs. The clock frequency can go up to 240MHz and it has a 512 kB RAM[5][6]. 2)DHT22 Sensor It senses the temperature and humidity of the surrounding. 3)BLYNK Blynk platform powers low-batch manufacturers of smart home products, complex HVAC systems, agricultural equipment, and everyone in between. Blynk combines a cloud platform with applications that put things, people, and data at the heart of business operations [8].The ESP32 is coded in a way that it has the unique API key provided by the platform upon creating a thing.The unique API and WIFI keys coded in ESP32 help BLYNK into recognizing the system correctly and as a result it uploads the data on to the mobile application where our system readings can be monitored. V. S IMULATION R ESULT After sensing the data from the DHT22 sensor, which was placed in a particular area of interest (classroom, agricultural field etc.). The sensed data will be automatically sent to BLYNK server by the ESP32, when a proper connection is established and from there, the data will be sent to the [5] R Suresh Babu, T Palaniappan,K Anushya, M Kowsalya , M Krishnadevi “IoT Based Weather Monitoring System” International Journal of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology (IJARTET) Vol. 5, Special Issue 13, March 2018 [6] ”ESP32.” [Online]. Available: https://randomnerdtutorials.com/gettingstarted-with-esp32 [7] ”DHT22.” [Online]. Available: https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/mafzal/temperaturemonitoring-with-dht22-arduino-15b013 [8] ”BLYNK.” [Online]. Available: https://blynk.io/ Fig. 4. BLYNK Server Working BLYNK application in the mobile phone. Fig. 5. Mobile Application Screenshot of a Living room Temperature and Humidity readings VI. C ONCLUSION The implementation of a system for monitoring the environmental temperature and humidity using IoT is accomplished. The system provides a low-power solution for establishing an IoT based weather monitor (smart environment). The system is tested both in an indoor and outdoor environment and it successfully updates the weather conditions from sensor data using cloud. It is also a low-cost solution due to the usage of low power wired sensor (DHT22) and ESP32 module. R EFERENCES [1] Bregman J I, Mackenthun K M. Environmental Impact Statements, Chelsea: MI Lewis Publication. 2006. [2] Casas D M, et al. Data Mining for Short Term Rainfall Forecasting, Notes in Computer Science. 2009; 55(18); 487- 490. [3] Prof. S.B. Kamble, P.Ramana P. Rao , Anurag S. Pingalkar , Ganesh S. Chayal “IoT Based Weather Monitoring System” IJARIIE-ISSN(O)2395-4396 Vol-3 Issue-2 2017 page 2 [4] Atul Kulkarni , Debajyoti Mukhopadhyay “Internet of Things Based Weather Forecast Monitoring System” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol. 9, No. 3, March 2018, pp. 555 557
