Class of
Medications
Anticholinergic/
Cholinergic/
Sympatho
mimetic,
Sympatholytic
Approximate Breakdown of Questions
4
Adrenergic agonists (Sympathomimetics):
Epinephrine: “Think Epi Pen” Code or anaphylaxis.
Isoproterenol and Albuterol: “opens everything up” increase HR,
bronchodilation, relax uterus. Can be used in ER situations.
Dopamine: Used in shock situations to help with Low BP. Watching
CAREFULLY during IV treatment. **What do you use to treat
extravasation? Tx: Phentolamine!**
Adrenergic Antagonist (sympatholytics):
Doxazosin: Vasodilator- used for HTN and BPH. “Doc Zosin said use this
for HTN and BPH”
Propranolol: “Two Ps for 2 blockers” Not very picky… Tx HTN. Careful for
asthma patients bc of effects on Lungs.
Atenolol and metoprolol: “only treats 1 heart”: HTN and arrhythmias
Cholinergic:
Bethanechol: “Aunt Bethany needs to unclench and pee” Treats urinary
retention
Pyridostigmine: “Py for My” Used to tx Myasthenia gravis. *Tensilon test
is the diagnostic.
Donepezil: “Uncle Don has Alzheimer’s and takes his pill”. Blocks the
break down of ACH
Musculoskeletal/
Neuro Junction
Blockers
Anticholinergic:
Atropine: “Climb the Pine tree to increase the HR. Pine is also dry” Use in
codes and for OD of organophosphates (insecticides)
1-2
Succinylcholine: “It SUCKS to be intubated”. Used to paralyze before
intubation. Careful for cirrhosis, cancer and burns. **How to treat is
malignant hyperthermia occurs??? Tx with Dantolene**
Antidepressants
4-6
TCAs: Imipramine and amitriptyline (Im a pear and trip the line)Serotonin and NE. Drying effects with this med. Contraindicated in MI,
glaucoma, sz pts
MAOIs: Nar-Mar-Par- Phenelzine- (No Phene “fennel” on the
charchuterie board”. Does not play nice with others, especially other
Antidepressants. Wean off slowly, be off for a few weeks and then start
new medication.
SSRIs: Fluoxetine & Sertraline: (Flus and SERS make me need serotonin).
Natural supplements like St. John’s wort, ginko, ginseng and valerian are
no nos.
Matching
Antipsychotic
Bupropion: (the boo be happy drug. Your boo will be happy with your
weight loss and sexual function) Do not give to sz pts. Wellbutrinsmoking cessation.
2-3
3-4
Chlorpromazine- block dopamine. (Chlorine and prom dates, block dope
times) Do not give to dementia pts. Cause EPS symptoms (Tardive
dyskinesia, puesdoparkinsons, Akathsia, dystonia). **How do you
treat??= Benadryl and benztropine**
Clozapine: (Clause is a schizo). Causes neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Watch WBCs! Regular lab draws to monitor for agranulocytosis.
Lithium: watch fluid balance. Monitoring is important because there are
toxic levels which can cause ECG changes, CV changes
Methylphenidate: (meth for your ADD). Weigh first! Cause loss of
appetite.
Benzos
Parkinson’s
Haloperidol: (Halo for your doll of a pt). Watch for dystonia. **How do
you treat? Your best friends Ben! Benztropine and Benadryl**
2-4
Diazepam and Lorazepam: Increase your GABA. “show GABA GABA
makes you calm down”.
**How do you treat**? Flumazenil? “treat the benzo flu!”
Why can’t you take when pregnant? Cleft palate and lip, cardiac defects,
microcephaly, pyloric stenosis.
Which med do you give for active seizure? Lorazepam.
1-3
Barbiturates
Thyroid
Diabetes
Levodopa- (Lift up your dopamine! & with carbs you need less lifting).
What is on-off syndrome? The short half-life requires redosing or the
symptoms turn on suddenly. More Carbs, less protein and vitamin B6
(only with Levadopa).
1-3
Must watch for respiratory depression, must have good liver function,
can be used to prevent seizures but NOT active seizures.
3-4
Hyperthyroid: High T3/T4. (Toooo much hype, yo!). Tx. “Put Thyroid
Under”= PTU
Hypothyroid: Low T3/T4. (Hypo Hippo. Loww and slowww). Tx:
Levothyroxine. “Lift up the thyroid”. Take with full glass, in am, before
anything else.
3-4
Rapid: Humalog. “Logs roll rapidly down hills”. Genetic: Lispro. Lisps go
rapidly off the lips. 5-30 min
Regular. “Regular people are short people”. 30-60 min
NPH: “Neil Patrick Harris is an intermediate actor.” 1-2 hours to watch
his movies.
Long: Glargine and Detemir are LONGGG words.
S/s of Hyper: PPP, fruity breath, rapid breathing, vision changes
Antiemetic
s/s of hypo: “Think HANGRY!!” grumpy, sweating, palpitations,
weakness, headache, shakes.
What is the rule of 15s?
15 g of sugar, check 15 min, 15 g of sugar.
3-4
Scopolamine: Patch for seasickness and dry secretions. “use the scope
on the deck while on sea”
Ondansetron: tx N&V by blocking the receptors
Dronabinol: THC nausea tx during chemo.
GI motility
Prochlorperazine: decreases stimulation in the medulla. Used for
hiccups. Watch for photosensitivity, dark urine and EPS.
2-3
Bisacodyl: stimulate to empty bowels. “Too many biscuits make you go
poop”
Magnesium citrate: Think about those stories of drinking the whole
bottle. Watch of mag toxicity
Docusate: lubricates stool.
Metoclopramide: Treats GERD.
GI secretions
Loperamide: “Loops of the bowel” tx diarrhea. Don’t take too much to
prevent rebound constipation
2-3
Sucralfate: film over the ulcer. May cause dizziness, nausea or dry
mouth. Can block other drug absorption.
Cimetidine: H-2 blocker. “Dine- to eat” Tx of duodenal ulcer, gastric
ulcer, hypersecretions and GERD.
Antacids (calcium carbonates): excessive use can lead to alkalosis.
Watch electrolyte imbalance.
Male/Fe
Reproductive
Meds
Omeprazole: Proton Pump Inhibitor: Heartburn and GERD. Helps with
abx for H. Pylori. May cause headache, dizziness, or vertigo. Do NOT
crush. May cause brittle bones with long term use.
2-3
Female:
Estradiol: Treats menopause and hormone replacement. Can treat
prostate cancer and inoperable breast cancer. Increased risk of breast
and cervical cancer. No grapefruit, no St. Johns Wort.
Raloxifene: ERM: Increase bone density.
Clomiphene: “Clome the mom”. Infertility drug. Could cause multiple
births, defects or over stimulation of the ovaries
Oxytocin: Uterine contraction.
Male:
Testosterone: Male sex hormone. Can increase RBC or treat breast
cancer. Can cause DVT, PE, weight gain or sexual dysfunction.
Oxandrolone: “Strong as an Ox”: body building steroid. Increase
hemoglobin and RBCs. Can cause sexual dysfunction, weight gain, cardio
issues.
Immune
Sildenafil: “Get a fill”. Tx for erectile dysfunction. Do NOT give with
Nitroglycerin. Pulmonary hypertension.
2-4
Interleukin: Suppress the leukocytes
Interferons- “Interferers”- Cause flu like symptoms.
Chemo (includes
antihelmith and
antiprotozoal)
Filgrastim (Neupogen): “Neutrophils= Neutro- Fil”- Cause bone pian
alopecia and rash
4-5
Antiprotozoals:
Chloroquines: “Chlorine Queen fights malaria”. Can effect the CNS, visual
and ototoxicity
Antihelminth:
Mebendazole: “Bend over from the worms”. Stool samples for O&P
testing. Clean clothing and sheets daily and good handwashing!
Antineoplastics:
Methotrexate: Multiple uses. Cancer and RA. Get a full drug history.
Doxorubicin: “ruby urine”- Watch for red urine
Vincristine: “Vinny has bloody urine and its giving him chills and a heart
attack”
Tamoxifen: “Tampax like symptoms”.
Approximate Breakdown of Questions on Final 4/26/22
50 Questions each worth 2 points
33% of Questions on Exam 1 Content
33% Question on Exam 2 Content
34% of Questions on Last Section after Exam 2