Lesson 1. Relative clauses
OBJECTIVES OF THE LESSON:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Reading: "The White House". Reading for know about relative clauses
Vocabulary: Getting acquainted words related to reading passage.
Grammar: Relative clauses
Grammar: Common mistakes
READING.
The White House
I. Read the text.
One of the most famous buildings in the world is the Whole House, which
is the official home of the US president. The White House is in Washington
DC. Where there are many other important buildings and monuments. The
city, which was founded in 1970, was deliberately planned as a national
capital. George Washington, who was the first US president and whose
name was given to the city, wanted it to be the place where the nation's
government would permanently reside.
The White House, where was originally named Executive Mansion, was
built in pale grey sandstone. The colour of the stone, which was so different
from the surrounding red brick buildings, was the reason why the mansion
became known as the White House. The main building, where many
president have lived, is part of large complex which consists of over 130
rooms.
People find the White House fascinating and that is the reason why the
parts of the complex where are open to the public are toured every year by
one and half million people who wnat to see the place where president
lives and works.
II. Reading questions.
Answer the questions.
1. The White House is in ... .
A. New York
B. Washington DC
C. Chicago
D. Miami
2. The city, ... was founded in 1790, was deliberately as a national capital.
A. Which
B. Where
C. Who
D. Whose
3. According to tge text, who was the first US president?
A. B. Franklin
B. T. Jefferson
C. A. Lincoln
D. G. Washington
4. Where the White House was built?
A. On the seaside
B. By the river Volga
C. In pale grey sandstone
D. In the desert
5. Why the building became known as the White House?
A. The colour of the used for bulding the White House's stone.
B. Because there lived many presidents.
C. The building is so fascinating.
D. Because the building situated in Washington DC.
VOCABULARY.
Monument
Deliberately
Capital
Government
Permanently
Executive
Sandstone
Brick
Mansion
Fascinating
Consist of
Tour
GRAMMAR.





Relative clauses are introduced with a)
relative pronouns (who(m), which, whose,
that) and b) relative adverbs (when,
where, why).
RELATIVE CLAUSES
We use:
 Who/that to refer to people. e.g. A firefighter is someone who/that
puts our fires.
 Which/that to refer objects or animals. e.g. A camel is an animal
which/that lives in hot countries.
 Whose instead of possessive adjectives (my, your, his, etc.) with
people, objects and animals in order to show possession. e.g. That's
the boy whose bicycle was stolen yesterday.
 Which can refer back back to a whole clauses.
e.g. He helped me do the washing-up, which was kind of him.
That is never used after a comma or preposition.
e.g. The Chinese vase, which (not that) is on the coffee table, is
very expensive.
We use that with words such as all, every(thing), some(thing),
any(thing), no(thing), none, few, little, much, only with the superlative
form. e.g. Is this all that you can do for me?
Where to refer to place, usually after nouns such as place, house, street,
town, country, etc. e.g. The house where he was born has been demolished.
When to refer to time, usually after nouns such as time, period, moment,
day, year, summer, etc. e.g. That was the year when she graduated.
Why to give reason, usually after the word reason. e.g. The reason why
she left her job was that she didn't get on with her boss.
Grammar Exercises
Complete the sentences with who, which or where.
1. The Coca-Cola Company, ... was founded in 1892, is famous all over the
world.
2. The company, ... produces many soft drinks, is based in Atlanta.
3. John S. Pemberton, ... invented Coca-Cola, intended the drink to be used
as a care for common illnesses.
4. Frank Robinson, ... worked for John Pemberton, chose the name CocaCola.
5. Fanta, ... was orginally produced in Germany, was bought by the CocaCola Company.
6. Sprite, ... was introduced in 1961, is also made by the Coca-Cola
Company.
7. The US Patent Office, ... the trademark 'Coca-Cola' was registered, has
also registered the trademark 'Coke' and the glass Coca-Cola bottle.
8. In America, ... Coca-Cola was first produced, there is a large soft drink
industry, but the Coca-Cola Company is the most successful.
Common mistakes
This is the wallet which I bought it yesterday. ❎
This is the wallet which I bought yesterday. ✅
My car, that cost me a fortune, was badly demaged in the accident. ❎
My car, which cost me a fortune, was badly damaged in the accident. ✅
This is the man who's dog attacked me. ❎
This is the man whose dog attacked me. ✅
The hotel where we stayed at was very luxurious. ❎
The hotel which we stayed at was very luxurious. ✅
Answers.
Test.
1-B
2-A
3-D
4-C
5-A
Grammar Exercises.
1. Which
2. Where
3. Who
4. Who
5. Which
6. Which
7. Which
8. Where