a measured by creating a ratio of individuals living in a defined area.
10 population density
Clumped dispersion shows that individuals live close together in groups or packs.
Uniform dispersion may indicate that individuals are territorial and compete for limited resources by living
Random dispersion shows no distinct pattern within a specific area,
Immigration, Emigration, Exponential growth, Logistic growth
the maximum number of individuals of a particular species that the environment can normally and consistently support.
The difference is that density-dependent is affected by the number of individuals. While density-independent are
factors that limit the growth of a population regardless of density.
Intertidal, neritic, bathyal, abyssal zone.
The neritic zone
Phytoplanktons obtain their energy via photosynthesis by utilizing inorganic minerals.
Zooplanktons obtain their energy by feeding on phytoplankton.
Because kelp forest are found in cold, nutrient-rich waters.
a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free
connection to the open sea.
mix of fresh water and salt water, nurseries of the sea
a distinct ecosystem that is flooded by water, either permanently or seasonally.
littoral, limnetic, benthic zone
Advancements in technology, medical advancements, transportation, sanitation, and agriculture
The difference between these two types of resources is that renewable resources can naturally replenish
themselves while nonrenewable resources cannot.
Maintain enough food and water, shelter, energy, and water for each person.
Smog and acid rain
The greenhouse effect keeps the earth warm by allowing solar energy to pass into the atmosphere and
reach the surface of the planet while also providing a barrier for some energy so that it remains on earth.
Global warming is associated with the greenhouse effect that is produced when the Earth's surface and atmosphere
absorb solar energy and reradiates the energy back into space.
those species that provide a sign, or indication, that there may be a problem with pollution in an ecosystem.
Biomagnification is the process by which toxic chemicals build up within predators. This typically occurs across an
entire food chain and affects all of the organisms but animals higher up in the chain are more impacted.
When predatory animals consume their prey they also consume all of the toxic chemicals within said prey.
When these toxins aren't easily excreted they build up in the animal's system through bioaccumulation.
Tertiary consumers eat more amounts of producers which already have the pollutants inside of them but those producers eat less.
the biological variety and variability of life on Earth.
Habitat fragmentation decreases the size and increases plant populations' spatial isolation.
a species is considered "introduced" when its transport into an area outside of its native range is human mediated.
development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
indirectly protects the many other species that make up the ecological community of its habitat.
the Clean Air Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the Clean Water Act,