Corrections Segment 1. Roles of Corrections • Are as follows: ‒ to supervise criminal offenders maintain ‒ to _______________ records of criminal offenders rehabilitate ‒ to punish and _______________ criminal offenders 2. The U.S. Constitution • Affects correctional officers by regulating: punishments ‒ _______________ used on criminals 3. Punishment • Cannot be given to anyone who has not gone through a fair trial according to the Fifth Amendment imprisonment ‒ _______________, execution and fines can only be given to someone after due process • Cannot be cruel or unusual according to the Eighth Amendment incarnated ‒ regulates use-of-force while _______________ ‒ requires safe, hygienic living condition during incarceration 4. Jails • Are run by local governments and sheriffs • House inmates who are: trail ‒ waiting for _______________ (not released on bail) misdemeanors ‒ serving short sentences, typically for _______________ • up to 85 percent of new inmates in jail are released within four or five days - Jail is reported as more dangerous than prison because there is less structure and routine, more free time and less opportunity to separate violent offenders from the general population. 5. Prisons • Are run by state governments or the Federal Bureau of Prisons • House inmates who are: longer ‒ serving _______________ sentences convicted ‒ _______________ of crimes 6. Prisons • Oversee the following programs: ‒ halfway houses • residential programs providing inmates a place to stay after they serve their sentence employment • often provide services like _______________ counseling, job placement and financial management assistance to help inmates reintegrate into society work release programs • programs which allow inmates near release to work outside of the prison in the community _______________ to develop the ability to work productively when released 7. Prison Security Levels Minimum Security _______________ - Open sleeping quarters and group toilet facilities - allowed to work and participate in rehabilitation programs and projects - low staff to inmate ratio - no perimeter fencing - lowest risk to public Low Security - dormitory or cubicle housing - focus on work and rehabilitation programs - moderate staff to inmate ratio double-fenced perimeter - ___________ 8. Prison Security Levels Medium Security - cell housing - work assignments allow for being out of cell for long time periods of times - consisting monitoring - medium staff to inmate ratio doublefence and electronic detection - __________ Close Security _______________ - single cells - prisoners may be let out of cells for extended periods of time - strict monitoring is in place 9. Prison Security Levels Maximum Security - highest level of security - single cells - prisoners are confined to cells as many as 23 hours a day - strict monitoring in place violent prisoners - house only very _______________ 10. History of Corrections • Includes: medival ‒ _______________ punishments ‒ important reports on inmate care in the 18th century stand ‒ _______________ of inmate care in the 20th century 11. Ancient Rome • Was built by slaves revoked ‒ citizenship would often be _______________ from serious offenders and they would be made to live as slaves arsher • Gave _______________ physical punishments to the poor or slaves while wealthy citizens were given fines 12. Early Europeans • Used the following punishments: ‒ gaol (jail) galley ‒ _______________ slavery bridewells ‒ _______________ ‒ transportation 13. Gaols • Were places to hold criminals for extended periods of time decree • Were used for punishment after a _______________ from Alfred the Great in the 9th century in England monaseries • Were commonly found in _______________ • Were required to be in every county by King Henry II in 1166 -Gaoler salaries were paid by fees from inmates, so wealthier inmates could bribe gaolers into nicer accommodations and better treatment. 14. Galley Slavery rowing • Was a punishment requiring criminals to work _______________ ships rather than spend time in jail • Was in practice between 1602 and the mid-1700s • Allowed harsh conditions ‒ slaves were only able to leave their rowing positions when they had collapsed exhaustion from _______________ 15. Bridewells lesser • Were workhouses for poor people and _______________ criminals like prostitutes and beggars ‒ residents would be assigned menial tasks such as chop wood, grind malt or spin wool • Were present from 1553 to the late 1700s rampantly • Were incredibly dirty and disease spread _______________ through them 16. Bridewells money • Had keepers who would get paid by taking _______________ from their inmates ‒ inmates who didn’t have money to pay the keepers would be tortured, killed _______________ or denied provisions like food or clothes 17. Transportation indentured • Was a punishment requiring criminals to be _______________ servants in colonies such as America or Australia • Was used in Europe between 1607 and 1953 establish • Was the best way to obtain labor to _______________ the colonies -Indentured Servant: a person who provides free labor for an allotted time to pay off a debt or serve a sentence and then receives freedom 18. John Howard sickness • Discovered the horrors of filth, _______________ and torture happening in jails and bridewells while on a tour in England • Wrote a book on jailing trends in 1777 which recommended: ‒ having governments fund jails sanitary ‒ requiring _______________ conditions ‒ providing decent and sufficient food and water 19. Jails in the American Colonies • Were built quickly and poorly ‒ sometimes were set up in homes or inns crowded • Were _______________, disease-ridden and unregulated drunks • Held not only criminals, but also slaves, _______________, the mentally-ill and people awaiting trial 20. Pennsylvania Prison Society • Passed laws in 1790 requiring: separetly ‒ felons to be housed _______________ from other criminals and dangerous inmates to be isolated shoemaking ‒ work programs like _______________ to help inmates reform their actions to become productive members of society 21. Elmira System • Was developed in 1876 • Was a reformatory system to help inmates reform from their criminal ways ‒ attempted to help criminals find productive ways of earning money and solving problems • Required strict discipline and control vocational • Had emphasis on education and _______________ training newspapers • Created recreational activities in jail, like inmate _______________ and athletics 22. The Federal Bureau of Prisons • Was established in 1930 supervised • Centralized and _______________ prison operations around the country • Regulated standards for inmate care selection • Created standardized procedures for training and _______________ of prison employees 23. Agencies in Corrections • Include: Investigations ‒ Federal Bureau of _______________ ‒ United States Marshals Service ‒ State Departments of Corrections Youth ‒ State _______________ Corrections 24. Federal Bureau of Prisons facilites • Regulates federal prisons and standardizes inmate _______________ rehabitation • Assists offenders with the _______________ process to become lawabiding citizens
