Study design
1. In a Case-Control study to investigate oral contraception and breast
cancer:
a. Case would be women with breast cancer
b. Control would be given oral contraception
c. Cases would be given oral contraception
d. Women with breast cancer would be randomly allocated to be cases or
controls
e. Controls would be observed for several years to see how many developed
breast cancer
(T F F F F )
2. Following are the characteristics of cohort study
a. cohort study describes incidence or natural history
b. retrospective cohort where available are cheaper and quicker
c. confounding variable are major problem in analyzing cohort studies
d. Subject selection and loss to follow is more in case control study than
cohort study
e. Cohorts are heterogenous people
(T T T
F F)
3. Following are characteristics of case control study
a. Case control study is usually retrospective.
b. Useful for hypothesis generation.
c. Can only look at one outcome.
d. Bias is a major problem.
e. Is not good for rare outcome (Disease).
(T T T F F)
4. Select all of the following studies that are experimental
a. A study to assess the impact of vitamin intake on the development of
cancer, by collecting dietary information from food diaries.
b. A study to access the impact of vitamin intake on the development of
cancer by randomly allocating some patients to vitamin supplementation.
c. A comparison of the outcome of patients registered at single hospital who
were treated with either drug A and drug B. Data were collected from
routine hospital notes.
d. A comparison of the outcome of patients treated with drug A and drug B
in a randomized controlled trial.
e. A study of the incidence of breast cancer in women in UK.
(F T F T F)
5. List the types of study designs in biomedical research.
Write short note on any two study designs.
(5 marks)
Ethical Consideration in medical research
6. Plagiarism in research is:
a. Creative use of previous data
b. Copying unscrupulously and making use of it
c. Quoting someone and citing him/her
d. Referring to previous data and working over it with new objectives
e. Changing or wrongly reporting data or results
(F T F F F)
7. Which of the following is necessary in obtaining informed consent?
a. A description of the statical analyses that will be carried out
b. A description of the purpose of the research
c. A description of the reliability and validity of test instruments
d. A list of publications that the researcher has had in the last ten years
e. Brief statement of the procedure that will be undertaken
(F T F
F T)
8. Which of the following options most appropriately explains ‘Research
Ethic’?
a. It states how to write research report flawlessly.
b. It gives the methodology of researching within social norms.
c. It governs the prevention of plagiarism.
d. It provides common set of dos and don’t of conducting ethical research.
e. It provides criteria by which to evaluate the outcome of the research.
(F F F T F)
9. Which of the following are vulnerable communities?
a. Refugees
b. Prisoners
c. Persons who are illiterate
d. Minors
e. Persons with limited access to health service
(All
True)
10.
Describe and discuss about the fundamental ethical principles
applied on both medical and research ethics.
(5 marks)