Review of Literature :
This part of the paper reviews the literature which has been already discussed by some
scholars in investigating how digital space and technology play a huge role in democracy,
activism and human rights nowadays. Moreover, it examines to how extent did human rights
change after the introduction of the digital era. As discussed by Kari Karppinen (2017),the
meaning of free speech and its effects have changed drastically subsequent to the digital
technology. Although internet allowed individuals to express their political opinions freely
and remotely, it did however put some in dangerous places when it comes to their
safety.According to Jamie F.Metzl (1996),internet serves both the oppressed and the
oppressor. Individual rights and digital privacy can be easily threatened with as electronic
communications can be easily hacked or played with to reach a certain target politically
allowing sensitive information to be leaked. Now, is there a way that advocates could ensure
that these digital advancements do not harm activists ?
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