Statistic terms
Variable is a factor that has an ability to change a quality or quantity that has more mutually
exclusive values and can be classified, measured and labeled in different ways.
Types
1. Discrete- a variable represented in terms of whole number and whose value will bring
out through counting in a finite amount of time. Best example is counting people that
cannot be presented in decimal form.
2. Continuous- the term itself mean continuing without stopping means it takes forever
and never finish counting in for you to measure its value. It also means it has infinitely
many values.
3. Independent Variable- it is known as the predictor variable. It manipulates the variable
of the researcher where it is derive and define from other relevant theories.
4. Dependent Variable- it is known as the criterion variable. It determines the effect of the
independent variable. From the word itself, its response depends on the change of value
of the independent variable.
5. Moderate Variable- a variable known as the moderator variable. It affects the
relationship of the independent variable and dependent variable. It can be qualitative of
quantitative.
6. Control Variable- a variable that is constant or limited that may influence the outcome
of the study
7. Intervening Variable- it is a hypothetical variable that interferes with the dependent and
independent variable, it can be strengthen or weaken the depend and independent
variables.
Types of Statistics
1. Descriptive- it is used to describe and summarize the data. It uses the measures of
central tendency and measures of variability
2. Inferential-it allows you to draw conclusion from the observations in the sample data. It
is also used to describe what is happening in the sample data.
Population – is define as the whole group that you want to observe and draws conclusions
Sample- is the specified group that is chosen to observe and collect data from.
Qualitative – it is known as categorical variable which its values is not a result of measurement
or even counting hence, it is just a value of modalities, level or category.
Quantitative- a variable that a result from counting or even measuring something and is
therefore in numerical in form.
Methods of data presentation
1. Tabular- it is the arrangement of data in rows and in columns which is more
comprehensive in analyzing the data.
2. Textual- it is a text format data where data usually written in paragraph form. It is used
when the data is not large and can be easily understand by the reader
3. Graphical-it refers to the use of charts and graphs to display and analyze data
comprehensively as well interpret data numerically.
4. Semi-Tabular- it uses both textual and tabular form where few figures to present are
compared and understand.
Chi- Square test-it is a test of significance relationship using nominal data