COPYRIGHT PAGE FOR UNIFIED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS Science-Grade 9 Learner Activity Sheets Quarter 3- Week 1: Types of Volcanoes First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (e.g., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in the activity sheets are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Development Team of the Learners’ Activity Sheets Writers: Glen B. Pacot Josie G. Gemida Layout Reviewers: Jessa May C. Antonio Jay B. Nicanor Kenny James A. Cubero Floramyr P. Sarvida, EdD Management Team: Marilou B. Dedumo, PhD, CESO V, Schools Division Superintendent Manuel O. Caberte, Asst. Schools Division Superintendent Corazon P. Roa, EdD, CID Chief Donald D. Orbillos, LR Manager Jean B. Ramirez, Science Education Program Supervisor Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS Science 9, Quarter 3, Week 1 TYPES OF VOLCANOES Name: _______________________________________ Section: _________________ Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC): Describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruption. Learning Objectives: The learners shall be able to: 1. characterize a volcano; 2. define the vocabulary associated with volcanoes; 3. classify volcanoes as active or inactive; 4. name active and inactive volcanoes in the Philippines; and 5. give a characteristic of each type of volcano: cinder cone, shield, and composite. Time Allotment: 4 hours Key Concepts The Philippines is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire. As a result, it is a home to many volcanoes. The most famous among our volcanoes is the Mayon Volcano which erupted last May 7, 2013 while a group of hikers were exploring its beauty. A volcano is a natural opening in the surface of the Earth where molten rocks, hot gases, smoke, and ash are ejected. Ashes are fragments of rocks or fine-grained lava ejected from the volcano. Silica (SiO2) is a compound of silicon (Si). Silica molecules form a strong bond that permits entrapment of volcanic gases and promotes explosive volcanic eruptions. Magma is a molten rock inside the Earth. As the magma is continuously heated, it goes up. As it rises, gas bubbles are developed. The gas bubbles are trapped and expand causing the molten material to swell also, resulting in a gradual increase in pressure within the volcano. When the pressure exceeds the strength of the overlying rock, fracturing occurs. The resulting breaks lead to a further drop in confining pressure, which in turn causes even more gas bubbles to form. Lava is a magma that has been ejected out of a volcano. Aside from lava, broken rocks, lava bombs, fine ash and dust are also ejected. Viscosity is the property of the material’s resistance to flow. It is also described as the liquid’s thickness and stickiness. The more viscous and Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph thicker the material is, the greater is its resistance to flow. For instance, syrup is more viscous than water. A volcano usually has summit, a peak or highest point; slope, a degree of slant or inclination; and base. At the summit, there is an opening which may either be a crater or a caldera. A crater is a funnel-shaped opening at the top of a volcano while a caldera is formed when a part of the wall collapses following an explosive eruption. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) has adapted a system where the Philippine volcanoes are classified as active or inactive. Active volcanoes are those that erupted 10,000 years ago based on analyses of their materials. Inactive volcanoes, on the other hand, are those that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years and their physical form is being changed by agents of weathering and erosion through formation of deep and long gullies. According to PHIVOLCS (2013), our country has more than a hundred volcanoes. Twenty-three are active while the rest are inactive. Although volcanologists have different basis for classifying volcanoes, another way to classify volcanoes is by their cones, namely: shield, cinder, and composite cones. Shield volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of lava that oozes out from the volcano. Since non-viscous lava can flow freely, a broad, slightly domed structure that resembles a warrior's shield is formed. An example of this type is the Mauna Loa in Hawaii. Cinder cones, on the other hand, are built from ejected lava fragments. They have a steep slope, wider crater and are the most abundant of the three major volcano types. One example of this type is the Paricutin in Mexico. Composite cones or stratovolcanoes are large, nearly perfect sloped structure formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits. One perfect example of this type of cone is our Mayon Volcano. Activity 1. Volcano Concept Map Objective: The learners shall be able to characterize a volcano. What you need: pictures of a volcano, paper and pen What to do: 1. Based on the pictures, think of five words or phrases that you can associate with a volcano. Figure 1. Mayon Vocano (Source: Gr 9 LM) Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph 2. Write your answers in a concept map as shown below. Figure 2. Concept map in volcano Guide Question: 1. Using the words/phrases in your concept map, describe a volcano. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Scoring Rubric for Q1. 4 Student correctly answers the question with explanation; high reasoning skills. 3 Student answers the question correctly with reasoning skills. 2 Student answers the question; explanation is somewhat accurately stated by the student. 1 Student is not able to answer the question; explanation is not accurately stated. There are many misconceptions identified in the explanation. Activity 2. Vocabulary Check! Objective: The learners shall be able to define the vocabulary associated with volcanoes. What you need: paper and pen What to do: Match the vocabulary in Column A to its definitions in Column B. Write only the letter of your answer. Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Column A ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Column B ash caldera cinder crater lava a. degree of slant; inclination b. loose fragments of solidified lava c. molten rock inside the Earth d. the resistance to flow e. a funnel-shaped depression at the top of a volcano formed as a result of explosive eruptions f. a volcanic crater that formed when a part of the wall of the crater collapses following an explosive eruption g. peak or highest point h. fragments of rocks; fine-grained lava i. a compound of silicon (Si) j. magma that has been ejected out of a volcano ____ 6. magma ____ ____ ____ ____ 7. silica 8. slope 9. summit 10. viscosity Guide Question: 1. Choose five (5) words in column A and use them in a sentence. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Activity 3. Volcanoes in the Philippines Objectives: The learners shall be able to classify volcanoes as active or inactive; and name active and inactive volcanoes in the Philippines. What you need: copy of Philippine Map What to do: Using Table 1, identify the volcanoes that are plotted in Figure 3. Table 1. List of some volcanoes in the Philippines Volcano Cabaluyan Cocoro Iraya Kanlaon Mayon Pulung Smith Taal Tamburok Urot Latitude Longitude 15º 42' 10º 53' 20º 29' 10º 24' 13º 15' 7º 55' 19º 32' 14º 11º 33' 5º 59' 120º 19' 121º 12' 124º 01' 123º 7' 123º 41' 124º 38' 121º 55' 120º 59' 124º 26' 121º 15' Number of historical eruptions 0 0 1 26 49 0 6 33 0 0 Latest eruption or activity 1454 2006 June 2013 May 1924 1977 - (Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, accessed Sept. 30, 2013) Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Figure 3. Map of the Philippines (Source: Gr 8 LM, UPNISMED) Name of Volcanoes A _______________ F _______________ B _______________ G _______________ C _______________ H _______________ D _______________ I _______________ E _______________ J _______________ Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Guide Questions: 1. Are all the volcanoes found in the same location? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which of the volcanoes had the most number of eruptions? ____________________ least number of eruptions? _______________ no record of eruption? _____________ 3. How will you classify the volcanoes that have records of eruptions? ___________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4. How will you classify volcanoes with no record of eruption? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 5. In your own words, differentiate an active volcano from an inactive one. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 6. For each type (active and inactive volcano), name three (3) other volcanoes in the Philippines not stated in Table 1. Scoring Rubric for Q5. 4 Student correctly answers the question with explanation; high reasoning skills. 3 Student answers the question correctly with reasoning skills. 2 Student answers the question; explanation is somewhat accurately stated by the student. 1 Student is not able to answer the question; explanation is not accurately stated. There are many misconceptions identified in the explanation. Activity 4. Types of Volcanoes According to Cones Objective: The learners shall be able to give a characteristic of each type of volcano: cinder cone, shield, and composite. What you need: pictures of volcanoes, paper and pen What to do: Complete the data table below by writing its correct descriptions. Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Volcanic Cones Slope Materials Extruded Type of Volcano A Mayon Volcano (Source: Gr 9 LM) B Paricutin (Source: Gr 9 LM) C Mauna Loa (Source: Gr 9 LM) Guide Questions: 1. Compare the appearances of the cones. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which volcano has the greatest slope? ___________________________________ Which has the least slope? ______________________________________________ 3. Explain how the type of material extruded from a volcano affects the shape of its cone. _________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Scoring Rubric for Q1 and Q3. 4 Student correctly answers the question with explanation; high reasoning skills. 3 Student answers the question correctly with reasoning skills. 2 Student answers the question; explanation is somewhat accurately stated by the student. 1 Student is not able to answer the question; explanation is not accurately stated. There are many misconceptions identified in the explanation. Reflection: Why is it important to know about volcanoes? Why should we care? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Rubric for Scoring Points 3 2 1 0 Description Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, and has no misconception. Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but with minimal misconceptions. Practical application is scientifically explained consistent to the concepts, but with misconceptions. No discussion. References for learners: Alvarez, Liza et.al. Science Learners Material 9. Pasig City: Department of Education, 2016 https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html https://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph/index.php/volcanohazard/volcanoes-of-the-philippines Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Answer Key Activity 1. Volcano Concept Map emits hot rocks has opening on top gives off hot gases has crater coneshaped In giving points to student responses, consider the following: 5 points: if the concept map is completely filled in with unique and correct ideas 4 points: if the concept map is completely filled in with correct but not unique ideas 3 points: if one part of the concept map is not filled in but the supplied ideas are correct 2 points: if two parts of the concept map is not completely filled in and some of the supplied ideas are incorrect 0 point: no effort exerted Guide Question: 1. A volcano is an opening in the Earth's surface where molten rocks, smoke, gases, and ashes are erupted. Activity 2. Vocabulary Check! Matching Type 1. h 2. f 3. b 4. e 5. j 6. c 7. i 8. a 9. g 10. d Guide Question: 1. The answers may vary. Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Activity 4. Types of Volcanoes According to Cones Guide Questions: 1. No. They are found in different places in the Philippines. 2. Mayon Volcano has the most number of eruptions while Iraya volcano has the least number of eruptions. The following volcanoes have no record of eruption: Cabaluyan, Cocoro, Pulung, Tamburok and Urot. 3. Active volcanoes 4. Inactive volcanoes 5. Active volcanoes are those that have records of eruption or have erupted recently while inactive volcanoes are those that show no record of eruption. 6. Possible answers: Pinatubo, Babuyan Claro, Bulusan (Active Volcanoes); Atimbia, Bagacay, Balikabok (Inactive Volcanoes) Name of Volcanoes H: Tamburok G: Kanlaon F: Cocoro C: Cabaluyan B: Smith A: Iraya J: Pulung I: Urot E: Mayon D: Taal Activity 3. Volcanoes in the Philippines Author: GLEN B PACOT/JOSIE G. GEMIDA School/Station: TALIGAMAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Division: BUTUAN CITY email address: glen.pacot@deped.gov.ph/ josie.gemida@deped.gov.ph Reflection (Answers may vary) Guide Questions: 1. Composite Cone has symmetrical cone. Cinder Cone has circular or oval cone. Shield volcano has cone of flat, domical shape. 2. Cinder cone has the greatest slope while shield volcano has the least slope. 3. Shield volcano is almost flat because it is formed from a non-viscous lava. Lava flows freely, forming a very wide base.
