Sports Physiotherapy
Introduction to physiotherapy

Definition of physiotherapy

History of physiotherapy

Scope of physiotherapy practice

Setting in which physiotherapy practices

Characteristics of physical therapy

Principles supporting the description of physical therapy

The nature of the physical therapy process, specialty
areas
Definition of Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy is a drugless therapy”.

“Physical therapy is concerned with identifying and maximizing
quality of life and movement potential within the spheres of
promotion, prevention, treatment intervention, habilitation and
rehabilitation”.

Physiotherapy is a dynamic profession, which uses a range of
treatment techniques to restore movement and function within the
body.“
Important of Physiotherapy

The aim of physiotherapy is to optimize someone's range of
movement and function whilst at the same time reducing pain and
preventing recurrence.

Physiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole
person’ approach to health and wellbeing, which includes the
patient’s general lifestyle.

At the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through
education, awareness, empowerment and participation in their
treatment.
Important of Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy is an autonomous profession concerned with the
care, management and rehabilitation of patients which is also
effective in patients with cancer through all care and rehabilitation
programs from diagnosis to the end of life.

Physiotherapists apply skilled interventions, which are vital for
patients’ independence, functional capacity and quality of life.

The role of the physiotherapist, as an essential member of the multidisciplinary team has proved to be successful in rehabilitation and
management of patients with cancer and palliative care needs.
Important of Physiotherapy

The absence of physiotherapy intervention would make it difficult for
the patients and their family to cope up with the side effects due to the
diseases.

Cancer treatment is a grueling course, leaving many people exhausted,
weak and with a compromised immune system. Just getting out of bed
can be a huge and daunting task, let alone exercising in a gymnasium
or playing at the park with grandchildren. This is where a physical
therapist comes in.

Despite advances in medical treatments, individuals that receive
cancer treatments typically experience extensive physical limitations
during and after treatments.
Important of Physiotherapy

Some of these limitations are cancer-related fatigue (CRF), pain,
nerve damage, lymph edema, deconditioning, as well as
incontinence.

There is strong evidence to support conservative management of
these impairments through physical therapy. As each individual
experiences different impairments during and after cancer
treatment, it is important to have an individualized evaluation to
focus your rehabilitation.
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

Physical therapy's first documented account is from the old master
of medicines- Hippocrates in the year 460 B.C.

Since then, physiotherapy has evolved from simple massage to a
complex portfolio of therapies with many specialized applications.

It wasn't until the nineteenth century that a cohesive group of
physical therapy practitioners was formed.

Per Henrik Ling, “Father of Swedish Gymnastics,” who founded the
Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics (RCIG) in 1813 for massage,
manipulation, and exercise.
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPYCONTD…

In 1894 four nurses in Great Britain formed the Chartered Society of
Physiotherapy.

The School of Physiotherapy, established by the University of Otago in New
Zealand in 1913, and Reed College in Portland (Oregon), founded in 1914,
are the early examples of the institutions that taught physical therapy.

From 1917 to 1918, in the World War I. intensive physiotherapy was
performed considered as 'rehabilitation therapy' during that time.

An outbreak of polio in the 1920s placed increased demand on physical
therapists, which lead to more breakthroughs in treatment techniques.
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPYCONTD…

The year 1921 holds significance in the history of physical therapy
where a
research paper on the therapy was published in the PT
Review, in the United States.

It was during this time that Mary McMillan, came to be known as the
'Mother of Physical Therapy'. established the American Women's
Physical Therapeutic Association which later on changed to the
American Physical Therapy Association (APTA).

After the Second World War, physical therapy clinics were founded to
provide treatment for the thousands of wounded soldiers that needed
rehabilitation following hospital stays.
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPYCONTD…

In 1974, many doctors in the United States specialized in physical therapy.
A separate division - the Orthopedic Section - was formed in the APTA, for
the physical therapists who had specialized in Orthopedics.

Also in 1974,‘International Federation of Orthopedic Manipulative
Therapy’
was
established.
Further
development
in
the
field
of
physiotherapy was recorded in the 1980s, when the use of computers
became prevalent in Medical Science. Various devices, such as electrical
stimulators, were introduced for practicing physiotherapy, which increased
the effectiveness of the treatment.

Specializations, such as cardiopulmonary physical therapy, skin therapy,
neurological therapy and sports therapy, were recognized by APTA , and
the discipline continued to become more widely regarded.
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY CONTD…

1970’s

Army trained
Leprosy trained
On the job trained by expatriates
Trained in India
1980’s
1983 Certificate course Institute of Medicine (IOM), Tribhuvan
University
Entry after SLC, 2 ½ years
1983-1990
Approximately 50 graduates
1990’s
HRDC 3 month primary rehab therapy
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HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY CONTD…

2000 onwards

2002 Certificate course started at Dhulikhel Medical Institute,
Kathmandu University

Entry after SLC,3 years

1983

First meeting of Nepal physios, for CME and discussion

1990’s

Ongoing efforts to organize a physiotherapy professional group

PRAN, the Professional Rehabilitation Association of Nepal.

2002

Nepal Physiotherapy Association was formed in 2002 A.D
HISTORY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY CONTD…
2003

NEPTA joins World Confederation for Physical Therapy

Attends first WCPT congress in Spain

Start of relationship with New Zealand Society of Physiotherapy
2007

Attended WCPT world congress in Canada

AWP meeting, report from Nepal

Met with President of New Zealand Physiotherapy Society

First congress at which NEPTA represented by President
HISTORYOF PHYSIOTHERAPY CONTD…
2010

BPT started for the first time in Nepal by KU

4.5 years course

Evidence based learning curriculum
Scope and Opportunities of Physical
therapy Practice in Nepal

Rehabilitation Settings

Cardiac settings

Neurology settings

Pediatric Settings

Community Based Rehabilitation

Orthopedic settings

Sports Setting

Group Therapy

Disable Home

Schools
The Nature Of The Physical Therapy Process,
Specialty Areas

Pediatric Physical Therapy

Geriatric Physical Therapy

Orthopedic Physical Therapy

Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Types of Physical Therapy

Vestibular Rehabilitation

Neurological Physical Therapy

Oncology

Clinical electrophysiology

Sports Physical Therapy

Rehabilitative Physical Therapy

Hand Physical Therapy
Role of a Physical Therapist

Physical therapists (PTs) are health care professionals who diagnose
and treat individuals of all ages, from newborns to the very oldest, who
have medical problems or other health-related conditions that limit their
abilities to move and perform functional activities in their daily lives.

PTs examine each individual and develop a plan using treatment
techniques to promote the ability to move, reduce pain, restore
function, and prevent disability. In addition, PTs work with individuals to
prevent the loss of mobility before it occurs by developing fitness- and
wellness-oriented programs for healthier and more active lifestyles.
Role of a Physical Therapist

Physical therapists provide care for people in a variety of settings, including
hospitals, private practices, outpatient clinics, home health agencies,
schools, sports and fitness facilities, work settings, and nursing homes.

Diagnose and manage movement dysfunction and enhance physical and
functional abilities.

Restore, maintain, and promote not only optimal physical function but
optimal wellness and fitness and optimal quality of life as it relates to
movement and health.

Prevent the onset, symptoms, and progression of impairments, functional
limitations, and disabilities that may result from diseases, disorders,
conditions, or injuries.
Responsibilities of Physiotherapy in
Different Fields

Cardio respiratory

Cancer, palliative care and lymph edema

Continence and women’s health

Supporting older individuals

Musculoskeletal

Neurology

Orthopedic

Occupational health

Pediatric (supporting infants and children)

Pain

Sports

Aquatic
Responsibilities of Physiotherapy in
Different Fields
Responsibilities of Physiotherapy in
sports
Physiotherapy Treatment Techniques

Joint mobilization (gentle gliding) techniques

Joint manipulation

Physiotherapy Instrument Mobilization (PIM)

Minimal Energy Techniques (METs)

Muscle stretching

Neurodynamics

Massage and soft tissue techniques

Physiotherapy Taping

Acupuncture and Dry Needling

Physiotherapy Exercises

Biomechanical Analysis
Physiotherapy Treatment Techniques

Sports Physiotherapy

Workplace Physiotherapy

Plus Much More

Clinical Specialties

MSK / Ortho

Cardiopulmonary

Neurology

Pediatrics
Physiotherapy Treatment Techniques

Sports Medicine

Rheumatology

Older People / Geriatrics

Medical Conditions

Pain

Women’s Health

Oncology

Extended Scope

Public Health
Physiotherapy Today

Physiotherapy today is an independent health care profession for all
the age groups from neonatal to geriatrics. (from birth to old age.)

The task of early intervention in neonatal cases is taken over by a
physiotherapist, new born babies with birth defects are evaluated
and treated, which helps in minimizing disabilities and helps in early
ambulation.

Women's wellness, maintaining healthy lifestyle after menopause
needs attention. Common problems are: obesity, Arthritis,
incontinence of urine, fatigue, aches & pains in joints etc

Pain management in acute & chronic cases are managed by
physiotherapists.
Physiotherapy Today

Sports physiotherapy is becoming popular amongst the young
physios. In fact special post-graduate courses are conducted by the
association, to promote this new emerging avenue of
physiotherapy.

Industrial physiotherapy deals with ergonomics and safety
measures. Guidance on work positions etc. is given by
physiotherapists.

Manipulative Therapy is gaining momentum due to its instant relief
in pain and increase in range of motion. Special training is required
before practicing this technique.

Nowadays, physiotherapy as a treatment for the motion of mass is
applied in a complex of rehabilitation measures in hospitals,
dispensaries, clinics and other health care facilities

All these have
Physiotherapists.
gained
immense
popularity
for
today's
Physiotherapy Tomorrow

There is scope for physiotherapy even in space, where there is a
high possibility of gravity related injury.

Back pain, muscle strain and headache is common in space-craft.
Micro-gravity induces calcium loss from bones. Assessment of the
limbs or back are difficult in space.

The future of physiotherapy for the astronauts in space is promising.
Physiotherapists can help "body positioning", and exercises for
micro-gravity posture.
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